Writing Assignment 1-1

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Montgomery College *

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Political Science

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Apr 3, 2024

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1 Student Name Student ID Course title Due Date The Evolution of American Federalism: Roosevelt's New Deal and Beyond The relationship between the federal government and state government under the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1933 to 1945 underwent many changes that are mainly attributed to the conditions that the Great Depression created and the New Deal policies. Roosevelt's approach to the economic crisis re-configured the dynamics of American federalism (Riker). With the Great Depression, Roosevelt had the economics devastation which made him to bring into play federal programs to provide to the public relief, recovery and reform. These programs known as 'the New Deal' required enormous federal intervention into the matters that where territorially belonging to the states. Extensive hardship and distress were precipitated by the economic crisis which triggered a number of domestic problems including poverty, mass unemployment and social disorder, making it imperative to have a strong federal intervention. Roosevelt's view of the role of the federal government was extended through programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration (WPA), and the Social Security Act (Abernathy). These programs are considered to be the terrific help the government gave directly to people in need, financed public works and set up welfare system correspondingly (Bednar). Through providing for the immediate necessities of the American people, Roosevelt’s government greatly raised the U.S. federal involvement that dealt with issues of welfare, employment, and economic regulation.

2 In addition to that, Roosevelt's new deal cooperated with state governments and the federal government. National Industrial Recovery Act acts and Agricultural Adjustment Act implemented some kind of rules, which in return were enforced by the states’ way of cooperation. This partnership led to the dissolution of the boundaries between federal and state responsibilities as both European and American governments joined forces to deal with the country's problems. The beginning of Roosevelt’s presidency has signified a time when old notions of federalism change. New Deal era brought the federal government to the center stage from periphery with state governments having more autonomy in policymaking and governance prior to it (Riker). Nevertheless, the urgencies of the Great Depression called for an active federal role in the resolution of national crises, which then shifted towards a power balance in favor of the federal government. The evolution of federalism in the decades following Roosevelt’s presidency persisted. Later administrations expressively used the template of the New Deal to broaden the federal government’s influence in fields like healthcare, education, and environmental management (Abernathy). Likewise, landmark Supreme Court decisions, such as those favoring civil rights and liberties, had also changed the nature of federal politics. In contemporary era, federalism is a flowing and booked characteristic of American governance. Hence, the interplay between the federal government and state governments remains dynamic as it is influenced by the changing social conditions, politics, and Court rulings (Bednar). Although the principles of federalism framed by the Founders continue to exist, how powers and responsibilities are allocated between the federal and state levels is still determined

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