(Dayao, M

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1. Which are the two political ideologies that, according to Chasteen, have dominated Latin American history for the past five centuries? a. liberalism and neoliberalism b. liberalism and socialism c. nationalism and socialism d. liberalism and nationalism 2. Neoliberalism a. Proved to be very successful for the Latin American people of all social classes. b. Has rarely produced equitable prosperity in the region. c. Empowered indigenous groups. d. Empowered people of African descent. 3. Which three countries in Latin America are characterized by a large population of Indigenous people? a. Guatemala, Bolivia, and Peru b. Guatemala, Chile, and Bolivia c. Ecuador, Argentina, and Uruguay d. Ecuador, Brazil, and Argentina 4. How did some Indigenous groups maintain their native language and original customs in Spanish America? a. Because they fought the Spaniards during the conquest. b. Because they lived far from the Spanish settlements during the colonial period. c. Because the Spanish were very fond of certain groups of natives. d. Because they converted to Catholicism early on. 5. Roughly how long was the colonization period? a. Colonization is still going on in Latin America. b. 100 years—it was a short process. c. 300 years—all Latin American countries were independent by 1810. d. 300 years—most Latin American countries were independent by 1825. 6. In 2013, the Roman Catholic Church elected the first Latin American pope. What country is he from? a. Brazil b. Mexico c. Argentina d. Peru 7. Most African slaves traveled to which of the following countries? a. Cuba b. Costa Rica c. Guatemala d. Brazil 8. What is the religion that is most commonly practiced in Latin America? a. Protestantism b. Atheism c. Judaism

d. Catholicism 9. Two political ideologies took center stage in the history of Latin America. First, classic liberalism emerged in the nineteenth century. Nationalism, a later invention, emerged in response to the first. In which ways have liberalism and nationalism alternated in ascendancy during the past 150 years? Initially, Latin Americans followed liberalism because it favored progression over traditional values and encouraged free market rather than government control. Liberalism ultimately enhanced the equality of citizens and encouraged individual values, rather than sticking to colonial rule. Nationalism focused on the idea that every citizen was apart of a nation and that nations should rule themselves. These political values alternated in ascendancy due to the outside influence of European/US values and traditional latin america values. The emergence of nationalism was to encourage a stronger independent nation without any outside influence from Europe/US, which meant sticking to Latin American religion, development, etc.. 10. Provide a brief history of the United States’ understanding of Latin America in the past century While both the United States and Latin America both went through colonization, the US progressed at a more noticeable pace compared to Latin America. Latin America can be viewed as “underdeveloped”, however if you were to compare the middle-class from both America and Latin America, there would be not much of a difference. The economic disparity throughout Latin America is the most notable difference, as the rich stay rich and the poor stay poor due to the liberal ideology.

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