Case of Aleyda (1)

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Case of Aleyda Thymeshia Eley Walden University SOCW 6090 Felicia Wilson December 21, 2022

Case of Aleyda Aleyda, a 31-year-old single Cuban female, presents troubling fatigue. She states she is always tired and does not sleep well, often waking up early. She does not find pleasure in life and "just exists." She wants to enjoy life more but has some challenges making friends and having the energy to go out. Aleyda states that her interest in usual activities has been that she is missing work due to fatigue. She finds herself unable to make decisions. She does note that her trouble sleeping habits and malaise have persisted for as long as she can remember. Diagnosis: F33.1 Major depressive disorder, recurrent moderate Z Code: Z65.8 Problem related to unspecified psychosocial circumstances. Explain how you support the diagnosis by identifying the case study criteria. At least four of the nine criteria used to diagnose MDD must be met for a person to be diagnosed with moderate depressive episodes. These include a loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities, a decrease or increase in appetite that results in significant weight gain or loss, persistently depressed moods, a loss of energy or fatigue nearly every day, hypersomnia or insomnia, retardation or psychomotor agitation, indecisiveness and poor concentration, feelings of excessive guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness, According to DSM-5, these symptoms should have been present for at least two weeks, caused significant distress, or had a significant impact on an individual's occupational, social, educational, or essential life areas. They should also not have met the criteria for another mental disorder like schizophrenia and should not have been caused by a loss. To diagnose MDD, a history of hypomania or manic episodes must be ruled out (Bains et al., 2022). Describe in detail how the client’s symptoms match up with the specific diagnostic criteria for the

disorder that you finally selected for the client. The patient meets at least four criteria: loss of interest in life, trouble sleeping, indecisiveness, energy loss, fatigue, malaise, hopelessness, and psychomotor retardation. The symptoms have persisted for over two weeks and seem to affect her work and social life. They do not seem to meet the criteria for another mental disorder and have no history of hypomanic or manic episodes. Identify the differential diagnosis you considered. ● Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) ● Bipolar Disorder Explain why you excluded this diagnosis/diagnosis. Failure to recover from a terrifying occurrence, such as domestic violence, sexual abuse, traffic collisions, warfare, child abuse, or other threats to a person's life, as well as stressful or distressing events, such as the loss of a loved one, is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. The absence of stressful and traumatic life events and bereavement helped rule out PTSD when making an MDD diagnosis, despite the fact that most of its symptoms are related to MDD. The clinical presentation of a patient with MDD is very similar to that of a patient with a depressive episode of bipolar disorder. MDD patients may present with symptoms that are typically associated with the depressive phase of bipolar disorder, such as a depressed mood and attempts at suicide. Manic episodes are a key feature that distinguishes bipolar disorder from MDD. According to McIntyre et al., a lack of manic episodes helped rule out bipolar disorder. 2019). Explain the cultural factors that may be relevant to the case and the diagnosis, including the cultural concepts of distress. In psychiatry, stigma influences patient care and diagnosis. There are four types of mental illness

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