Quiz 9

1. If daily arguments between you and your roommate are a major source of stress, you might try to change the stressor by moving out, by asking your roommate to move out, by trying to resolve the disagreements, or by trying new activities together that would help you and your roommate to become better friends. These are all examples of a. problem-focused coping. b. emotion-focused coping. c. social support. d. cognitive reappraisal. 2. In panic disorder, individuals respond to a situation as though it posed a mortal threat. Persons with ________ have actually been exposed directly or vicariously to a life-threatening situation. a. GAD b. major depressive disorder c. OCD d. PTSD 3. The way in which an individual experiences stress depends on a. the person's psychological characteristics and social situation. b. the nature and timing of the stressors. c. biochemical variables that influence stress responses. d. All of the above influence an individual's experience of stress. 4. Explanations for cultural differences in PTSD prevalence and symptomology include a. racism and discrimination. b. less effective coping styles. c. predisposing vulnerability factors (e.g., unemployment). d. All of the above have been proposed as explanations. 5. One of the most common ways that individuals manage a mild adjustment disorder is by a. waiting it out. b. taking steps to change the cause of the adjustment disorder. c. none of the above is beneficial. d. taking anti-depressants. 6. ________ is a cognitive-behavioral treatment for PTSD that involves repeatedly exposing individuals to stimuli that remind them of their past trauma, in addition to having them process the meaning of their trauma through written exercises. a. Prolonged exposure therapy b. Exposure and response prevention c. Cognitive processing therapy d. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing 7. All of these are some symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder EXCEPT a. intrusions, like flashbacks and nightmares of the event. b. seeking out ways to share details the event with understanding listeners. c. arousal, like being hypervigilant or startling more easily as a result of the event.

d. avoidance, like refusing to go to certain places that may serve as a reminder of the event. 8. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood, and adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood, account for what percentage of adults diagnosed with this disorder? a. 90% b. 60% c. 70% d. 80% 9. Which of the follow precipitating events may qualify someone for an adjustment disorder? a. ending a long-term relationship after finding out your partner was cheating. b. getting married c. A, B, & C d. losing a job 10.Many experts believe that ________ is the basis for the association between stress and increased risks of physical illness, such as cancer and certain autoimmune diseases. a. poor parental attachment b. immunosuppression c. physiologic comorbidity d. substance abuse 11.________ are a special type of endogenous opioid that help regulate cardiovascular activity, reduce the perception of pain, increase feelings of euphoria that can facilitate psychological coping with stress, and enhance the immune system response. a. Innate testosterones b. Estrogen hormones c. Endorphins d. Corticoids 12.Rosalind was a victim of severe domestic violence two weeks ago. She experiences nightmares, feels detached from and avoids friends who know about the attack, and exhibits an exaggerated startle response. What diagnosis is correct? a. chronic PTSD b. acute stress disorder c. GAD d. PTSD with delayed onset 13.A potentially effective, albeit sometimes controversial, cognitive-behavioral treatment for PTSD is ________. Its goal is to process clients' distressing memories, thereby reducing their lingering effects and allowing clients to develop more adaptive coping mechanisms. a. existential logotherapy b. prolonged exposure therapy c. rational-emotive behavior therapy d. eye movement desensitization and reprocessing