BIO201 Lab 8 pdf…

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Jan 9, 2024

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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L Student Name: Brandon Estelle Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): ac-xya40v Lab Report Format Expecta0ons U"lize college level grammar and professional forma4ng when comple"ng this worksheet. Submissions without proper forma4ng, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected. Pre- lab Ques,ons 1. What is the primary func3on of the nervous system? To gather and process sensory signals 2. Why does the cerebral cortex contain so many folds? To help increase the service area an allows to pack more neurons 3. What is a nerve impulse? An electrical signal that travels along nerve fibers to send informa;on to the brain 4. What are Schwann cells and what do they form? They are glial cells that help peripheral fibers of the nerve live. They form the myelin sheath. 5. What is an all-or-none response? The strength of the response of a nerve cell or muscle fiber 6. What two effects might neurotransmiEers have? Excites and inhibits the nerve cell
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 1: MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF NERVOUS SYSTEM Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. What is the major func3on of the neuron? Process and transmit informa;on all over the body by genera;ng electric signals 2. Define depolariza3on. Movement of cells membrane poten;al to a more posi;ve area 3. What determines whether a neuron is unipolar, bipolar, or mul3polar? The number of signals that go through the process of the cell body Data and Observa;ons 1. Label the arrows in the slide images below based on your observa3ons from the experiment. A. Axon B. Cell bodies C. Myelinated axons D. Myelin sheath
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L 2. Are the nodes of Ranvier spaced equally along the axon? Why is this significant? Yes because of the distance between signals 3. Describe how Schwann cells form the myelin sheath and the neurilemma. Single sheath of myelin so it can create an axon. Both the Schwann cells and neuralemma have axons packed around it to form myelin sheath from membrane cell.
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 2: VIRTUAL MODEL - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. Which feature is more superior, the scia3c nerve or the 3bial nerve? Scia;c nerve 2. What appendages is the radial nerve located in? Posterior upper limb 3. Where is the subcostal nerve located? Along the lower por;on of the t12 4. What is the role of the cerebellum? Maintenance of balance and posture 5. Which part of the brain regulates taste, touch, pain, and language comprehension? Parietal lobe 6. You are a neurologist and are seeing a pa3ent who was in a car accident and may have sustained brain damage. The pa3ent is having trouble decoding visual informa3on. What part of the brain may have sustained injury? Occipital lobe/visual cortex
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L Data and Observa;ons 1. Insert your screenshots from the virtual model of your: a. Intercostal Nerve
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L b. Scia3c Nerve
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L c. Corpus Callosum d. Cerebral Peduncle:
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 3: COW EYE DISSECTION Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. How does the eye work? When light hits the eye, photo receptors turn light into electrical signals 2. What is the hole in the center of the iris? What is its func3on? Pupil. Helps regulate the amount of light that passes through the eye. 3. What are the material proper3es of the lens? Crystalline transparent flexible ;ssue 4. What is the blind spot of the re3na? A lack of rods and cones which causes the brain to not be able to form images 5. What is the purpose of the reflec3ve material in the choroid coat? What is it called? The reflec;ve materials is tapetum lucidum which allows for animals to see in the dark at night
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L Data and Observa;ons Insert a high resolu3on photo of the dissected eye you observed, in the dissec3on tray with the lens removed. Your handwriLen name and access code must be clearly visible in the background. Photos that are of too low resolu3on, that appear inauthen3c, that appear edited, or that do not show the eye, dissec3on tray and a clearly wriEen name and access code will be rejected.
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L 1. How did the image appear when you looked through the lens? Blurry and distorted
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 4: BRAIN MAPPING Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. Describe the func;on of three areas of the brain (you choose which areas you wish to discuss). Brain Region Func,on Cerebrum Interprets touch, vision, hearing, speech, emo;ons, etc, Thalamus Relays messages between lower brain center and cerebral cortex Hypothalamus Controls func;ons such as ea;ng and helps regulate the endocrine system
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L Data and Observa;ons Insert at least three photos of your swim cap, ensuring you capture each angle of the swim cap to ensure that all of the informa3on is conveyed through your pictures. Your handwriEen name must be in the background of each photo. Submissions that do not meet these requirements will be rejected.
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 5: SHEEP BRAIN DISSECTION Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. How does the sheep brain compare to the human brain? Name at least two differences. Human brain is larger and weighs more They both have two brain stems 2. What circulates through the ventricles? What is the func;on? Cerebrospinal fluid to absorb physical shots to the brain and distributes nutrients 3. Describe the func;on of each region of the cerebral cortex. Frontal lobe Dash helps with memory controls movement, helps make decisions, solve problems. Paretal lobe- processes and receives informa;on. occipital lobe-helps with
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L visual, processing and mapping. Temporel lobe.-process hearing and understanding of language.
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L Data and Observa;ons Insert a high resolu;on photo of the dissected sheep brain you observed, in the dissec;on tray. Your handwri9en name and access code must be clearly visible in the background. Photos that are of too low resolu;on, that appear inauthen;c, that appear edited, or that do not show the eye, dissec;on tray and a clearly wriWen name and access code will be rejected.
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L 1. What two lobes does the central sulcus separate? Pare;al globe, and frontal lobe Results and Discussion 1. How does the size of the olfactory bulb in sheep relate to the size in humans? What might this tell you about the sense of smell in the sheep’s survival, in par;cular about how it acquires food? It is much larger on the sheep than a human and is responsible for the sense of smell.
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 6: REFLEXES Results and Discussion 1. What is the papillary response of the right eye when a light was shone into the pupil? The size of the people will reduce when sunlight 2. What is the consensual response (The response of the le\ eye)? Le\ eye is constricted 3. What branch of the nervous system controls this response? Autonomic nervous system 4. Can this response be inhibited? No, it is a autonomic reflex
Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 7: REFLEXES (PART II) Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. Define what a reflex is. Rapid, involuntary response to a s;mulus without thinking about it 2. Name five essen;al components of a reflex arc. a. Receptors b. Sensory neurons c. Interneuron d. Motor neuron. e. Effectors Data and Observa;ons Table 1: Reflex Data Results and Discussion 1. What does your data tell you about visual, verbal, and tac;le responses? The birds verbal reflect as much faster than the other reflexive our bodies respond, faster verbally, then watching something fall and moving out of the way Reflex Trial 1: Distance Caught (cm) Trial 2: Distance Caught (cm) Trial 3: Distance Caught (cm) Visual 10 9 12 Verbal 2 5 3 Tac3le 7 7 9
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L EXPERIMENT 8: FETAL PIG DISSECTION - NERVOUS SYSTEM Introduc;on Ques;ons 1. Describe the proper;es of the vertebral column. Why are these important? Cervical column thoracic column and lumbar column. These are all important because they make up the vertebral column as a whole, which protects the spinal cord and supports the skeletal system. 2. What is the difference between white and gray maWer? Gray maWer myelinated has a neuron cell bodies.. white maWer unmyelinated works with axon, extending down the spinal column Data and Observa;ons Insert a high resolu;on photo of the dissected fetal pig you observed, with the spine exposed, in the dissec;on tray. Your handwri9en name and access code must be clearly visible in the background. Photos that are of too low resolu;on, that appear inauthen;c, that appear edited,
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Lab 8 The Nervous System BIO201L or that do not show the eye, dissec;on tray and a clearly wriWen name and access code will be rejected. Results and Discussion 1. Did you no;ce a covering on the spinal cord? What is it? Yes, the meninges cover the spinal cord. These are 3 thin layers of ;ssue to protect the spinal cord and brain. 2. Research mul;ple sclerosis. What is the effect of this disease on the nervous system? Is a disease that aWacks the CNS it damages the nerve fibers it can aWack many parts of the body such as the brain, causing balance issues, muscles, causing weakness and op;c nerve in the eye which can lead to vision issues. Currently medica;on is the only thing that can help slow the roses, as there is no cure for MS
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