12 step programs

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12 step programs Southern New Hampshire University

Twelve step programs are programs that are based in spirituality. Today, many 12-step- inspired programs address a variety of disabling conditions, ranging from alcoholism (Alcoholics Anonymous [AA]) and substance (nonalcohol) addiction (Narcotics Anonymous [NA] or Cocaine Anonymous) to process addictions such as gambling (Gamblers Anonymous) or addictive sexual disorders (Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous) (Morgen, 2017). One benefit of twelve step programs is the sense of community.” A number of substance recovery and support programs rely on the benefits of peer support. Peer support involves non-professional help from those with similar conditions” (Mokhtari et al., 2019). twelve step programs identify substance abuse as an illness. “It emphasizes the importance of accepting addiction as a disease that can be arrested but never eliminated, enhancing individual maturity and spiritual growth, minimizing self-centeredness, and providing help to other individuals who are addicted (e.g., sharing recovery stories in group meetings, sponsoring new members;” (Donovan et al., 2013). There are many different types of 12 step programs that are multicultural . “ 12-step groups may be equally utilized and effective because they attend to the needs and interests of the gender and ethnic populations it serves (63). Thus processes of engagement, participation, retention, attrition and effectiveness are likely to be influenced not only by the general tenets and format of the 12- step program (e.g., working the 12-steps, peer support, emphasis on honesty and introspection) but also by the specific 12-step meeting(s) clients attend” (Laudet, 2003). tweleve step programs only require the willingness to stop “ The only requirement for 12-step membership is “the honest desire to stop” substance use (66). Given that desire, the 12-step program of recovery suggests that admitting powerlessness over drugs and alcohol (that is, admitting that one can not recover by will power alone) is the first step toward recovery” (Laudet, 2003).

There are also some major disadvantages to twelve step programs. Some may feel unconfutable with the spiritual and or religious aspects of the twelve-step program. Some may the “programs might find the emphasis on spirituality off-putting. AA maintains that the “Power greater than ourselves” can be construed as a non-theistic power, such as the power of the community [11], but this rings hollow for some recovery seekers” (Mendola & Gibson, 2016). Some feel that is unclear in that is identified as an illness but method of treatment is through spirituality. “AA’s position that alcoholism is an illness or malady (akin to an allergy) [7] seems out of step with its view that it’s a spiritual problem; and the claim that alcoholism is not a moral failing seems at odds with phrases like make “a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves” [21] and “remove all defects of character” [22] found in Step 4 and Step 6” (Mendola & Gibson, 2016). Some of the major criticisms lies within the programs being inconsistent . “Perhaps the most damning criticism of AA and other TS programs concerns the variability in adherence to core tenets from group to group. Since it is nonprofessional by design, quality control measures are minimal, and there is no way to ensure that every group adheres consistently to all of its principles. Thus, some criticisms of TS refer to beliefs and attitudes that can be found in some individual TS groups or members but that are inconsistent with the official position of AA. These include that it is a religious (specifically Christian) organization; that it shames addicts as being morally flawed [23]; that members are not allowed to use medications to support sobriety” (Mendola & Gibson, 2016). As counselors we must consider how sever, frequent and how long the client’s substance use has been before recommending the client to a 12-step program. Once this is determined we can guide clients and work with them to decide if a 12-step program would be beneficial to them and what supports and resources and treatment we can provide through the process (Morgan

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