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Study Questions Jacob Singleterry Department of Psychology, Southern New Hampshire University PSY-201 Stacy Cianciolo October 25, 2023
What do expert teachers know? Expert teachers are those like the three examples from the text book. They are teachers that go above and beyond the minimum requirements, and who treat teaching not like a job but like a lifestyle. “Expert teachers see their classrooms in different ways to novices. Like the goalkeeper who focuses on an attacker’s posture to anticipate where they will kick, expert teachers are tuned in to the most critical, revealing and often subtle movements of their classrooms” (Mccrea, 2018). Essentially, an expert teacher is a professional that makes teaching look easy, which we all know it is not easy. Just like a comedian needs to know their crowd, an expert teacher knows their students and “know what they are doing and why because they carefully consider how to structure their teaching in ways that will have a positive influence on their students’ learning. For example, if a teacher asks a question and responds positively only to those answers that are correct, then students who are unsure or have different answers or want to ask a question in return will be less likely to speak up” (Loughran, 2011). There are a growing number of threats to the ability to employee more expert teachers, and just teachers in general. Many districts across the country are having a difficult time finding qualified people to fill teacher positions and is resulting in hiring unqualified substitute teachers. The underlying cause and the solution to this is up for debated but what is not up for debate is that expert teachers yield better quality instruction that will benefit students in their long-term success. Cultural tools and social influences shape thinking in Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development Lev Vygotsky’s main theory of sociocultural cognitive development is a theory that relates to the social perspective. “Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory views human development as a socially mediated process in which children acquire cultural values, beliefs, and problem-
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