4-1 Milestone Two

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4-1 Milestone Two Loreal Ross Southern New Hampshire University SCS 285 Research Literacy in Social Science Instructor Elad Hakim February 4, 2023

Milestone Two Qualitative Articles: Brown, E. B. (2020, October 7). Missing & Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, Trans, and Two-Spirit: Our Forgotten Sisters. UWIRE Text, 1. https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/A637734356/STND? u=nhc_main&sid=ebsco&xid=83e79152 Talaga, T. (2021, September 10). The Canadian government seems to have missed the point of the MMIWG inquiry; OPINION. Globe & Mail [Toronto, Canada], A13. https://link-gale- com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/A674912759/STND?u=nhc_main&sid=bookmark- STND&xid=dddd5642 Quantitative Articles: Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG). (2023). In Gale Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection. Gale. https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/ODQLMK826753689/OVIC? u=nhc_main&sid=ebsco&xid=20de49d1 Gilbert, S. L., Nystrom, A., Branscum, C. C., Richards, T. N., & Wright, E. M. (2023). Native Missing Persons Cases Will Not be Solved by Police Alone: The Case for “Missing Persons Advocates.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 38(17/18), 10333–10359. https://doi- org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1177/08862605231171413 Mixed Methodology:

Grieving Native American families shamed law enforcement over missing women and won action from President Trump. (2020, February 28). CNN Wire, NA. https://link-gale- com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/A615436759/GIC?u=nhc_main&sid=ebsco&xid=6b3ae9e6 Newhouse Introduces Legislation to Strengthen Tribal Law Enforcement, Address MMIW Crisis. (2023, March 6). US Official News, NA. https://link-gale-com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/A739876273/STND? u=nhc_main&sid=ebsco&xid=3edefe0e Data- Collection Patterns What data-collection patterns do you notice? Throughout the articles chosen for my research I have noticed that there is a nice mixture of both qualitative and quantitative studies. Most of the commentary about law enforcement and missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls uses what statistic they can find and have an opinion incorporated on how to tackle this epidemic. Many articles also address that with the limited amount of information they can obtain from reports it needs to not only be more readily available, but the initial report needs to be taken more seriously and investigated properly. To get more information on this subject it could be more beneficial to focus more on interviews and survey of all the people, Native Americans, local and tribal police to see why so many of these cases fall through the cracks and are not fully investigated. Are there some data-collection types that seem to be used more in your area of study in the social sciences?

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Criminal Justice is my chosen area of study. I believe that mixed methodology is the best data- collection types to be used in this field of study. Conducting interviews, taking reports, seeing how the community feels about law enforcement and criminal justice professionals with allow these departments to know what is expected of them, what and where particular concerns are of the community and develop a game plan using their concerns and the overall statistics to keep their community safe. What about the other social sciences? Why do you think that is? The other social sciences seem to also rely heavily on quantitative research in they all use survey research to obtain information. To me this makes sense in that while studying other aspects of society it is most beneficial to ask society itself how certain things pertain to them and how they feel about the actions occurring. How can using certain data-collection types more than others create a threat to credibility? Using certain data-collection types can be a threat in that it depends on what your research entails. If you are taking surveys at a concert and ask the people attending if they like the artist performing, yes, your survey will be biased. If you are asking more detailed questions, you will receive more detailed answers. Any method can be considered biased based on questions asked and the audience answering the questions thus risking a threat to credibility. Purpose of Varied Data Collection What are the benefits of multiple data-collection types?

Benefits of multiple data-collection types is that you can use a weaker form of reasoning that is still important but use the second collection type to strengthen that argument. This helps when you, for example, may have used a survey to get initial results then one-on-one interviews to get more in-depth information that was needed to further explain the findings. What are the drawbacks of multiple data-collection types? Drawbacks of a multiple data-collection type of research is often the time it takes to complete the research. Time along with the expense of the research, the longer the research project usually coincides with cost. What is the link between varied data collection and credibility risks? The link between varied data collection and credibility risks is the amount of data collected. The more relevant data collected the more valid and credible the research. What are some common types of data collection used in each of the social sciences? Common types of data collection in each of the social sciences. Political Science : use of qualitative methods, such as surveys and interviews. Anthropology: use of qualitative methods such as observation, interviews, and focus groups Social Work / Human Services: use of qualitative methods such as observation and interviews. Criminology: use of qualitative methods such as surveys, experimental research, and interviews.

Why do you think certain social sciences seem to favor particular types of data collection over others? All social sciences use most of the same qualitative methods to collect data. The only difference in favoring one over the other is what exact information the researchers are looking to obtain. Surveys may work better for one type of research than interviews or focus groups and vice versa. Including various aspects of these qualitative methods can help strengthen the research and its findings.

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