Cemetery Demography Lab (abbreviated)

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Concordia University Portland *

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206

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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3

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Cemetery Demography As the United States has progressed through the industrial revolution over the last 150 years, changes in the life-styles of citizens have been reflected in their age at death. Factors such as diseases and accidents have changed in their relative impacts. One way to study these changes in human demographic patterns is to collect information from a cemetery. By collecting data on the year of death for all individuals of the same age class (called a COHORT), you can produce a graphical representation of their survivorship. In this activity, each cohort will represent individuals born during the same decade. When studying a wide variety of different species, survivorship curves usually follow one of three generic shapes (see right): ● Type 1 – Many individuals live a long life ● Type 2 – Steady death rate throughout life ● Type 3 – Few individuals live to an old age Human survivorship typically fits a Type 1 curve, although events during a cohort’s lifespan can change the shape of their survivorship curve (see right) DATA COLLECTION 1. Go to the online records for the following cemeteries: ● Lewisville United Methodist Church: 126 LEWISVILLE UNITED METHODI Forsyth County North Carolina Cemeteries (best for deaths after the year 1900) ● Mt. Pleasant Graveyard at Tanglewood: 001 MOUNT PLEASANT GRAVEYARD Forsyth County North Carolina Cemeteries (bets for deaths before the year 1900) 2. Collect the following data and record it on the data collection page ● 30 individuals who died BEFORE 1900 ● 30 individuals who died AFTER 1900 DATA ANALYSIS 1. Using either MS Excel or Google Sheets construct, for each cohort (before/after 1900): ● life table ● survivorship curve ● population pyramid 2. Check out the example data if you need help . This is an example data set, from start to finish, of a population of 36 people from the year 1940. Note: To organize the data collection for your individuals, creating a chart like the one below for each cohort can be helpful.
3. Answer the following questions QUESTIONS 1. Compare the survivorship curves for the Pre-1900 and Post-1900 cohorts. Compare and contrast the curve shapes to the example curves on the first page of this activity. Post-1900 survivorship curve will be type I because there will be a longer life span on average. 2. Provide some possible biological/historical/societal causes for any differences you see in the two survivorship curves. For example, was there a major disease at the time? War? Change in attitudes towards family sizes? There were much more young deaths before 1990 (almost no deaths in the ages 40-60 for after 1990). This could be because of both WW1 and WW2 before 1990, so many young males were dying early. Additionally, the postnatal and infant care was not as advanced as it is now. 3. How would the survivorship curves of a developing country compare to those of a developed country? Developing country would have a type III survivorship curve because there will be less time lived on average, while a type I survivorship curve because there would be a lot more people living longer. 4. How could survivorship curves be used to make judgments about environmental and health conditions in a country?
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