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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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1. Explain the six functions of the family. (5pts) The first of six functions of the family is the regulation of sexual behavior. In all cultures, there are social norms and then taboo topics. A popular regulation is incest, meaning the act of having sex with a close family member (mother, father, sister, or brother). The second function is reproducing and socializing children. In a society, the addition of new members is a must for it to grow and stay alive. To give birth parents the responsibility of socializing their offspring, societies commonly prefer that reproduction take place inside existing and established couples rather than among unrelated couples by chance. A third function is property and inheritance. Properties started as the easiest and only thing certain families could pass down, which is why it became important to identify heirs. The fourth function is economic cooperation. Families provide both economic and social support for their members. With these tasks, some societies may vary in gender roles. The fifth function is social placement, status, and role. Once you are born into your family, your status is determined by your parent's social standing, gives you spiritual affirmations and your racial and ethnic backgrounds. The last function given is care, warmth, protection, and intimacy. This is required in a family to create the emotional and nurturing aspects needed for a well-balanced life. 2. Explain structural functionalist theory and conflict theory as they apply to the family. (5pts) Structural functionalist theory (functionalism) in a family setting is about how the family is organized between roles, its functions, and how it interacts with other social systems. It is also known for its more traditional values, such as women taking care of the home and children while men go to work to pay the bills and tend to the house labor. Conflict theory in the family focuses on inequalities, emphasizes a power role within family life, and contends that the family is frequently not a haven but rather an arena where power struggles will come up. A common struggle within families is that the person who works the most may hold it over the family’s head and have a power trip, leading to a hierarchy in the family. 3. Explain the ways in which our agents of socialization are responsible for gender socialization. (5pts) The first form of gender socialization you experience is with your parents. If you have a sibling of the opposite sex, your parents may speak and even discipline you differently. The most common difference is the choice of style and toys they assign to their kids. Another socialization agent is school. Schools often prioritize men's stories and findings over women's and treat women like side characters and support rather than main characters. Also within careers and majors like nursing, education, and family and consumer sciences. Lastly, the media is one of the most significant mechanisms for socializing children. Commercials advertising Nerf guns, Hot Wheels, and even video games mainly promote boys using them, while other ads for entertainment like Barbie, Shopkins, and even cooking/cleaning sets will only display girls using them. 4. Explain the consequences of poverty. (5pts) Poverty affects one in five families, the most vulnerable children, blacks, Hispanics, and female-headed households. The

consequences of living in poverty are higher stress levels, fewer educational tools, living in low-quality neighborhoods, and inadequate health and nutrition. Parental stress affects the household, causing mental health issues like depression, addiction, and even a higher chance of child abuse. With educational limitations, impoverished children have a harder time accessing books and toys. Eventually, this leads to lower test scores, making them less likely to graduate than other kids. With parents being unable to afford current rent prices for a two-bedroom home, this leads to families either becoming homeless or living in homes with struggling facilities like water, heat, sanitation, or cooking.

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