SWK 3401 Annotated Bibliography 2

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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SWK 3401 Annotated Bibliography 1. Assari, S., & Caldwell, C. (2017). Mental Health Service Utilization among Black Youth; Psychosocial Determinants in a National Sample. Children, 4(5), 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/children4050040 Assari & Caldwell's (2017) study aimed to investigate mental health service utilization among Black youth, emphasizing psychosocial determinants. The researchers aimed to explore factors influencing this demographic's access to and use of mental health services. The social problem is the underutilization of mental health services among black youth, defined based on existing literature highlighting disparities in mental health service utilization due to systemic and societal barriers and the public health consequences of undiagnosed and untreated mental illness. Using data from the 2003 National Survey of American Life-Adolescents (NSAL-A) supplement, the study examined 1,170 Black youth aged 13 to 17 from diverse locations across the U.S. to assess the psychosocial determinants that contribute to the observed patterns of service utilization. Data, gathered through ~100-minute face-to-face and telephone interviews, encompassed variables of participants’ age, gender, objective (income-to-needs ratio) and subjective (perceived) socioeconomic status, self-rated health (SRH), race, ethnicity, DSM-IV lifetime (non-psychotic) psychiatric disorders, and self-reported mental health service utilization (MHSU). The study identified several key determinants influencing MHSU among black youth, including ethnicity, subjective socioeconomic status, psychiatric disorders, and SRH, aligning with the Andersen healthcare utilization model. This model posits that health service utilization hinges on predisposing, enabling, and need factors. In this context, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and health needs (actual and perceived) are considered crucial factors.

2. Angold A., Erkanli A,, Farmer E.M.Z., et al. (2002) Psychiatric Disorder, Impairment, and Service Use in Rural African American and White Youth. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59(10):893–901. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.893 Angold et al.'s (2002) study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, impairment levels, and service utilization among rural African American and white youth, with a focus on understanding potential disparities within a rural context defined by the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study and demographic and income data from the 1990 census. The research was conducted across 15 months in four rural North Carolina counties, addressing the mental health disparities and service utilization patterns among 4,500 youth aged 9 to 17 randomly selected from school databases. The youths’ parents completed telephone questionnaires about their children's behavior problems. From this, 920 youth underwent diagnostic interviews at home using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA) and measures of MHSU. While the participants did not differ significantly in demographic characteristics, the findings highlighted that African American youth had slightly higher mean scores on the CAPA screening, and they were more likely to have scores indicating potential mental health concerns. The three-month prevalence of DSM-IV diagnoses was 21.1% for the entire sample, with the most prevalent diagnoses including childhood-onset conduct disorder, separation anxiety, and substance abuse or dependence. White youth had a significantly higher prevalence of depressive disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, and any affective or anxiety disorder. Service utilization revealed that 13.3% of the sample accessed professional mental health care, predominantly through the school system. White youth were twice as likely as African American youth to use specialty mental health services, particularly among boys. Factors influencing service use included the impact of the child's problems on the family, parental income, and the presence of Medicaid coverage.

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