Assigned Reading #6

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Jan 9, 2024

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Assigned Reading #6 A. Textbook Readings- Chapter 7 -Gender 1. Define the terms: Genderqueer, Genderfluid, and Two-Spirit (172). - Genderqueer: A term that describes a person who identifies with many genders, with no gender at all, or with a mixture of different components of many genders. Some genderqueer folks may not identify with the gender binary at all, and others may prefer not to choose a gender with which to identify. - Genderfluid: A term that describes a person whose gender identity changes over time and contexts. - Two-Spirit: A person who identifies as having both a masculine and a feminine spirit. The word is often used by Indigenous people to describe one or more of their sexual, gender, or spiritual identity. 2. Define the terms: Transgender and Cisgender. What are the social consequences of being transgender? (173-175). - Transgender: A term that describes a discrepancy between the gender that an individual identifies with and the biological sex they were assigned at birth. - Cisgender: A term that describes overlap between the gender that an individual identifies with and the biological sex they were assigned at birth. - Social consequences: Transgender individuals had been victims of physical or sexual assault, 56% had seriously considered suicide and 29% had attempted suicide. They suffered from verbal harassment, transphobic assaults, and sexual or physical abuse. 3. What is STEM? Why is there a gender gap in STEM courses (high school and university)? Explain why “…[R]ecruitment to STEM programs may need to be both international and national.” (182-183) - STEM included science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. - Men consistently have a higher representation in stem subjects. - Deeper-rooted problems surrounding socialization. - Gender preferences/ construction leading students toward different social
roles and identities. - The effect of socialization is evident in how teachers behave toward girls and boys in elementary and secondary schools, often placing different expectations on girls and boys - women often have the academic background to pursue STEM degrees, but, for other reasons, such as uncertainty about their own abilities and feeling in the minority in male-dominated fields, they end up in non-STEM fields. - Why need to be both international and national? Most over half of all STEM degrees in Canada are held by those who immigrated to Canada 4. Indigenous women in Canada are overrepresented as victims of violence. Explain. What was the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (2019) and what were its conclusions? (186- 187) Why has a national response to this situation been delayed/muted? (‘Spotlight On’ Box 7.5, page 187) - The intersection of inequalities that Indigenous women in Canada experience create a unique circumstance that accounts for the increased risk of violence that they face. - Canada has a long history of colonialism, which has incurred and encouraged violence toward Indigenous women, first through collective violence and structural discrimination, then through the imposition of Christian and European values, and finally, through colonial Canadian policies - Its conclusion: this violence amounts to a race-based genocide of Indigenous Peoples, targeting especially women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA (two-spirited, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, and asexual) people. - the coordinated and persistent attack aimed at the destruction and annihilation of a specific social group - many Indigenous people have grown up normalized to violence against them and Canadian society has stood by without addressing the issue B. Article/Document Reading Download the following 2 documents and answer the associated questions: a) The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
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