Problem set #1- selection bias

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5020

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Apr 3, 2024

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EPI 5020 Problem set #1 Selection Bias Name__________________ 1. A study to assess the association of diabetes and smoking compares a group of hospitalized individuals with diabetes and a group of volunteer individuals without diabetes that are employees of the same hospital where the cases were identified. The results from this study reported, for the first time in the literature, a strong association between diabetes and smoking. a. What type of bias may be present? Why do you suspect the presence of the bias you have identified? b. The magnitude of this association is likely to be either over- or underestimated. Which do you think is the case, and what makes you think so? 2. An investigator would like to assess the association of melanoma (skin cancer) and exposure to infrared skin tanning services by using a hospital-based case-control study. Hospitalized individuals with melanoma will be compared to hospitalized patients without melanoma (controls). This hospital is located in a low-income area of the city and is famous nationwide for its expertise in melanoma; individuals with melanoma (cases) from all over the country go to that hospital to get the highest quality care that can be provided. However, this hospital is not as well known for other medical conditions. Therefore, cases would come from all over the country and controls will be mostly local low-income individuals. The investigator predicts that an overestimation of the association between melanoma and skin tan services may occur. a. Do you agree or disagree with the investigator? Explain your answer in a few sentences. 1

b. Please explain in a few words what type of bias may be present? 2

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