• Explain The Importance Of Mindfulness-Based Approach

Being aware of your surroundings both in a physical and mental sense can help bring out natural responses in humans. These responses can be emotional, physical and psychological and can be applied to many everyday life situations but one of the most interesting is the college setting. While in college, most students encounter multiple tests, quizzes, and a variety of other stressful assignments. Mindfulness can be defined as being mentally and situationally aware of what is going on in a person’s surroundings (Brown & Ryan 2003). Research has proven that the students who are mindful tend to have a reduced level of anxiety and stress than people who aren’t mindful. Situational

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an insight-focused therapy that emphasizes the here-and-now. It is typically brief and time-limited, collaborative in nature, fairly structured and empirically based (Freeman, Felgoise, Nezu, Nezu, & Reinecke, 2005). Aaron Beck is a major name that arises when discussing the origins of CBT. Beck (1970) contends that individual perceptions of events shape feelings and behaviors. This theory places emphasis on the concept of automatic thoughts. Automatic thoughts are linked to the client’s core beliefs about self and worldview. When a client’s automatic thoughts are maladaptive, it can often be traced to irrational core beliefs; this in turn elicits emotional and behavioral difficulty. In other words, this phenomenon describes what Beck termed “cognitive distortions” which are unrealistic negative thoughts and beliefs that influence perception of events, feelings, and reactions (Beck, 1970).

Mindfulness has enjoyed its popularity in recent years. Several big companies have used mindfulness to adopted the firms with change of management (Aviles & Dent 2015). Coming from Buddhist psychology as its roots, with the combination from ancient Greek phenomenology, Naturalis’ thought in Western Europe and Humanism’s thought from America (Brown et al., 2007), Mindfulness reflected of how individual response and having awareness about present events (Quaglia, Brown, Lindsay, Creswell, & Goodman cited in Good., et al 2016). Moreover, the research on management also revealed from integrative framework that mindfulness has positive effect to individual hence will affecting positive outcomes to organization. Conventional stigma of how people see process of managing can only be developed by experiences diminished slowly because mindfulness could be learned with training. Nevertheless, Bruce (Cited in David and Hayes 2011) doubt that mindfulness has significant impact to employee’s task, goals and bond in the workplace. The author believes that mindfulness needs measurement to prove it works on the workplace. The reason behind his statement is mindfulness recognized only as self-reported and containing bias. However, having mindful manager will be very useful for organization as mindfulness is regarded as the central element of how individual, teams and organization worked simultaneously.

This paper is about my experience with mindfulness based meditation and scientific inquiry of these experiences. Mindfulness based meditation is describes as technique used to cultivate nonreactive, non-judgmental and stable awareness of the present moment (Garland and Gaylord, 2009). The end goal is to sustain this meta-cognitive state for a long period of time. I practiced non-denominational form of mindfulness based meditation for the first time in my psychology class, which was devoted towards intellectual and experiential examination of meditation. The practice was conducted in a group it was instructed by our own professor and it begun at the end of class. There was one sessions per week and each session was structured meaning it was

Over the course of my career I have been trained in interventions from various theoretical orientations, with particular emphasis on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I always find myself gravitating to the structure of CBT, which in order to be effective, requires collaboration between the provider and patient to identify maladaptive patterns of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors within the context of the individual’s environment. The CBT approach has a wide array of carefully constructed exercises, in addition to various protocols, to help clients evaluate and change their thoughts and behaviors.

Moreover, finding different ways of dealing with the negative interpretation of an individual's schema is what Cognitive-behavior therapy strives to do. Many of the ideas of Cognitive-behavior therapy derive form Albert Ellis's Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy are deemed the early stages and development of Cognitive-behavior therapy, but REBT takes the confrontational route which means that the counselor would tell the client that their schemas are impractical (Henderson, 2016). Cognitive-behavior therapy believes that the relationship between counselor and client is important, therapeutic, and effective for the client's recovery. Moreover, there are three assumptions that Cognitive-behavior therapy goes by; one cognitive activity effects and individuals behavior. Second, cognitive activity can be changed through moderation. Finally, through cognitive change the client can be accomplished by desiring change. The following studies show Cognitive-behavioral therapy in action and its effects on

Research in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has had recent success in effectively making CBT one of the most—if not the most—empirically supported psychotherapy (Spiegler, 2010). The more research in CBT, the more effective and understood the therapies are. Without a thorough understanding of how and why therapies work, it can be difficult to know which therapy would be most effective with a given patient. Additionally, the success of new innovations in third generation psychotherapies, such as acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, and mindfulness-based interventions, is greatly attributed to research in CBT. Also, there is a growing amount of research of various minimally supported treatments within CBT

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) refers to a popular therapeutic approach that has been applied to a variety of presenting concerns and psychological conditions. CBT refers to a class of interventions that share the basic premise that mental disorders and psychological distress are maintained by cognitive factors. Per classes 11 & 12’s PowerPoint, the core premise of this treatment approach is that maladaptive cognitions contribute to the maintenance of emotional distress and behavioral problems. According to Walsh, J., 2015, these maladaptive cognitions include assumptions, expectations, and general beliefs, or schemas, about the world, the self, and the future, giving rise to specific and automatic thoughts, in particular, situations (p. 172). This perspective posits that therapeutic intervention to change these maladaptive cognitions lead to changes in emotional distress and problematic behaviors. However, if an event or series of events violates an individual’s beliefs and assumptions, then dysfunctional assumptions, negative biases, and automatic thoughts become more active, and distressed states such as depression/anxiety can result (Walsh, J., 2015, p. 175).

Whilst Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is currently the dominant form of psychotherapy, there has recently been an increase in interest in acceptance and mindfulness based approaches within the field of behaviour therapy. This has led to considerable debate over the relative efficacy of each therapy, whether they are more similar or distinct to one another, and the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. These three questions will be considered specifically with respect to the CBT developed by Alfred Beck, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) developed by Hayes and colleagues.

My current therapy practicum at Hartgrove Hospital is primarily focused on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy but as I have been working with clients over the past 6 months, I have experienced some personal and professional discrepancies between the theory of CBT and how I conceptualize clients and my role as a therapist. The hospital emphasizes the teaching of coping skills, which in line with CBT has the client learning new ways of handling their emotions. While I agree that teaching coping skills, cognitive restructuring, etc. are important for many clients, I have consistently felt like something was missing. I have been exposed to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) briefly in the past during my classes and during a didactic at practicum, but I have not done an in-depth examination of how it differs from CBT and what its theoretical and philosophical bases are. I wanted to take this paper as an opportunity to learn more about a therapy that may fit better with how I work with clients and how I view my role as a therapist.

Cognitive Behavioral therapy (CBT) is a process by which the counselor actively challenges their client 's cognitive negative mental processes and destructive behaviors. (Gladding, 2000) Within this framework, using Rational Emotive Behavioral therapy will help the client restructure his irrational thought processes. Empirical evidence suggested by Albert Ellis who developed CBT, shows that cognitive restraining added to conventional desensitization procedures appears to be more rapid and durable. (Lazurus, 1974) This meaning, that CBT work in therapy can be resiliently effective for the individual. After initially reviewing Terry’s mutually agreed treatment plan, the counselor will then utilize strategies to work with the client over a number of sessions such as strategies in REBT work. “Clients in REBT may express some negative feelings, but a major goal is to help them avoid more of an emotional response to an event than is warranted. (Gladding, Wienrach, 2001)

Researchers such as Hayes and Strosahl (2005) defines acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) as an empirically based intervention technique from the cognitive behavior model of psychotherapy that employs mindfulness and acceptance methods mixed in various ways. Grounded within the practical concept of functional contextualism and based on the comprehensive idea of language and cognition, ACT is different from the normal or traditional cognitive behavioral therapy. The differences are manifested in the paradigm of instead of teaching people to control their emotions, ACT teaches them to acknowledge, accept and embrace the emotions and or feelings (Hayes, Louma, Bond, Masuda, & Lillis, 2006). Primarily, western traditions

The most significant goal of this treatment is to uncover the unhealthy thoughts that a client might have and replace them with new healthy thoughts. Since a person’s thoughts affect their feelings and actions, unhealthy thoughts have a negative implication on the client’s beliefs and behaviors (Beck, 2011). The therapy achieves this goal by breaking down the client’s problem into smaller parts that make it easy for them to

The measure of self-awareness regarding this approach is one of the key catalyst in making progress in personal improvement and increasing progressive efforts to address potential areas that warrant growth. One of the conditions that this approach brings to the forefront is the ability of negative thinking to become a hindrance that develops into thoughts and behavior (Botha, 2009). Therefore, these behaviors leave people in a discontented and hopeless state. The primary goal of a therapist, specifically a Gestalt therapist, is to supports the individual in an environment that is

In this paper, I will describe my initial thoughts about the practice of mindfulness and my development regarding practicing it. Furthermore, I will explore the idea of being a mindful therapist and how I am hoping to apply this with patients in the future.