1.Describe The Mode Of Actions Of The Drugs That Interfere

Drug therapy relies on the principle of selective toxicity, where the effects of the drug are only harmful towards the foreign parasite and not at all to the host. By comparing the effects of different drugs on various parasitic organisms we are able to distinguish the type of disease or infection that is present as well as the mechanism of action that takes place by each drug in question. The drugs may function by interacting with enzymes such as transpeptidase and thymidylate synthetase, for example Penicillin and 5-FU function respectively. The effectiveness can be quantified by measuring the zones of inhibition created by the drug on the plate of the bacteria or fungus. This is the area where there is no growth due to the action of the drug. The discovery that the Micrococcus-luteus is classed as a bacteria was made apparent due to Penicillin’s success in inhibiting it’s growth. The action of the Amphotericin solely on the Pythium, gives reason to believe that it can be grouped with fungal growths.

Although some agar plates were hard to see if the streptomycin had a definitive zone of inhibition. Ampicillin, erythro-mycin, penicillin, sulphafurazole was ineffective with no inhibition zone.

Because of this rise of selection for vancomycin-resistant bacteria, finding an alternative antibiotic treatment for this strain of bacteria is imperative. There has been some consideration of alternatives to vancomycin treatment of bacteria as sensitivity toward the drug decreases. Though vancomycin is still the treatment standard for methicillin-resistant bacteria, other compounds such as linezolid have proven to be more effective. Linezolid is a currently FDA approved compound that disrupts protein synthesis in the ribosomes of bacteria. The result of this disruption is

Used to treat heartburn, upset or sour stomach, peptic ulcer and related pain, gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is also used kidney problems to reduce phosphate levels.

It would attach itself to a cancer cell and aggressively aggravate the body to draw in the bodies’ defenses to all out assault that area. In theory, if you kept the patients immune system going, you could bombard the cancer and not have to worry about chemical side effects. Lots of treatments like chemotherapy weaken the immune system, so this would be an interesting alternative. One would first need to figure out a way to attach a “decoy” drug to the cancer cells and have it be one that the body would want to attack.

The primary medical use of these compounds is to treat conditions such as asthma and other respiratory ailments. Human Growth

Chemical antimicrobial agents are chemical compounds capable of either inhibiting the growth of microorganisms or killing them outright. Those which are taken internally to alleviate the symptoms of or promote healing from disease are called chemotherapeutic drugs, and among these is a class of compounds called antibiotics. In order for a chemotherapeutic drug to be classed as an antibiotic, it must be produced by a microorganism such as bacterium or fungus or at least derived from a chemical produced by one. It must also be capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms and of doing so when taken in very small quantities.

It is commonly used as an antimicrobial. Currently, research is being done to determine the viability of using the molecule to prevent the spread of HIV and to destroy cancer cells.

β-lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics, consisting of all antibiotic agents that contain a beta-lactam ring in their molecular structures. They kill bacteria by generally inhibiting their cell wall synthesis. They are mainly active against gram positive bacterias but many gram negative bacteria are also susceptible to amoxicillin. Staphylococcus aureus being a gram positive bacteria are highly susceptible to amoxillin.

also used to help the body secrete more insulin. Insulin therapy can also be used with

It also helps with the prevention of PCP in HIV-positive patients, but should be used cautiously due to the incidence of adverse reactions. This drug is also active against many strains of gram-positive pathogens including: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, Nocardia, Enterococcus. It also has activity against many gram-negative pathogens, such as: Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella, Xanthomonas maltophilia, and Haemophilus influenzae, including ampicillin-resistant

This is a growing and trending use for the treatment of illness all over the U.S. and will continue to grow as it is showing great results in the field of cancer treatment.

Because of its high hydrophobicity and poor absorption through the gastrointestinal tract, AmB is the most used polyene antifungal for systemic infections. However, AmB administration is accompanied with adverse effects, mostly at the level of kidneys and

Enzyme inhibitors are molecules that interact with the enzyme in one way or another to stop it from behaving in its natural manner. These have the ability to affect the rate of reaction of SDH. These competitive inhibitors, in our case, Malonate, have a similar shape as the substrate (Succinate) and it binds to the active site of the enzyme (SDH) which prevents the intended substrate from binding and in turn, significantly decreases the rate of reaction (Pardee, 1949). Malonate has become a model example of Competitive Inhibition as was established by Quastel & Wooldridge in 1928 (Thorn, 1952). The inhibitor does not act on the active site but merely attaches and prevents the substrates attachment.

Examples of antibiotics that are commonly used in infection treatment include: gentamycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, and carbenicillin