1. Introduction: Pestle Analysis And Scenario Planning.

In PESTEL framework, the external environment is classified into six broad categories: Political, Economic, Social,

An organization’s external environment is terribly important and must be studied and understood for the organization to truly succeed. Through such study and understanding, a manager would be able “mitigate threats and leverage opportunities” that are caused by the six segments identified as macro-level external forces: (1) political, (2) economic, (3) sociocultural, (4) technological, (5) ecological, and (6) legal (Rothaermel, 2013, pp. 56-57). Since the manager’s decisions, or firm effects, have a greater impact than those external forces mentioned only when the manager accounts for them and builds a strategy around them, the manager must be aware of and understand these forces to be

1. Macro environment analysis: the major externals which affect company’s decision making, marketing strategy and performance. It includes:

External environmental factors are the macro environment affecting a business; they are factors outside the company and which they have no control over (Kotler & Armstrong, n.d.) these external factors bring about impacts to the company thus a company should always be prepared to react.

An organization’s macroenvironment consists of nonspecific aspects in the organization’s surrounding that have the potential to affect the organization’s strategies. Macroenvironmental variables include

Macro environment or macro forces consists of the larger societal factors that have the potential to affect an organization’s strategies. According to Phillip Kotler, these variables include demographic, economic, natural, technological, political, and cultural outside forces. (“Josbd”, n.d, para. 7)

Macro environment are the external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organization’s decision making and affects its performance and strategies.

With this in mind, the PESTEL model was developed to give researchers and practitioners a framework in which to consider the broader business environment. PESTEL stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal. Furthermore, a PESTEL analysis is a technique that evaluates the potential impact of political, economic, social, technological, environmental, legal factors on an organization. This set of factors represents a broad set of industry and environmental considerations that any organization should make when designing strategic goals

“PESTEL model involves the collection and portrayal of information about external factors which have, or may have, an impact on business.”

In this term of our discussion we’re talking about business environment. It’s like an overview of the whole business environment. Simply environment of a business means the external forces including the business decisions. They can be forces of economic, social, political and technological factors.

External analysis of general environment will be done using PESTEL which refers to how the political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal environment affects an organization. Below will be a diagram of PESTEL, followed by a brief explanation of each factor and their examples.

Q3) In terms of the external environment analysis, we will focus on three areas, namely, general environment, industry environment and competitor’s environment.

PESTEL analysis is a method used to study macroeconomics - the macroeconomic environment of an enterprise. Otherwise, it is called the general segmentation of the environment. It defines the basic spheres of the environment, which are areas that have a crucial impact on the functioning of the organization. Also marks the future strategy of the organization through an in-depth analysis.

Macro environment consist of those major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organization's decision making, and affect its performance and strategies.

Organizational Environment: those forces outside its boundaries that can impact it. Forces can change over time and are made up of Opportunities and Threats. (7)