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14. What immediate developments in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries might have influenced the cultural patterns depicted in these illustrations? How does the broad context of the Columbian exchange help you understand these painting?

I have chosen Romanticism/ Post Impressionism, Olive Trees with yellow sky and sun, by Vincent Van Gogh; The Oxbow, by Thomas Cole, comparing it to the “Spirit Rising, by Christophe Vacher”.

Artist Andy Golsworthy and Francisco De Goya have strongly shown that themselfs i eron and their artworks midsummer snowballs, Derwat water, Excution of defendersof madrid and the sleep of reasons produces have a deep connection to the orld of ideas.

The visual elements in a work of art can be made up of various different types of elements. “Composition, harmony, proportion, light, color, line, texture, mass, and motion are all part of the vocabulary of sight. We tap this vocabulary, and the patterns that go with it, when we compose or frame images”. The visual elements that are portrayed in the engraving of “Ullysses at the Table of Circe” by Flaxman consists of lines, shape, space, texture, and color. “Viewers bring to the act of seeing individual sets of conscious and unconscious reactions that affect their response to the visual stimulus put before them. This is the beauty of images, even in their most minimal form— such as a single line”. The lines that are used in this work of art are

He was brimming with excitement as he dusted off a blank canvas and set it on a stand. He turned the lights up to their brightest. Carl worked with precision late into the night, listening to music and the rain pattering outside the whole time. He painted a park at sundown. The trees, lamps, and the ground were all standard colors easily perceived by the human eye, but the sky was bursting with multicolored cubes; a fantastical glimpse of Carl’s unique perspective. When he was finished he took a few steps back, scanned his work like any good artist, and finally nodded, pleased with his outrageously colored

His art represented the reaction against previous conceptions of art and the desire for a new form of expression. In order to understand the scope of Goya's art, and to appreciate the principles which governed his development and tremendous versatility, it is essential to realize that his work extended over a period of more than 60 years.

Cliché is often used as a pejorative term. Sometimes clichés can be the way a major breakthrough of understanding can occur. As I embark into the world of art, this cliché was a good thing. It was positive because as I studied paintings for the first time. I realized that as I was the beholder and the observer of the painting, I was responsible for making the effort of finding the beauty beyond a simple statement. The purpose of assignment was to observe and take note on pieces of art at a prominent museum. I was fortunate enough to visit the Museum of Modern art in New York City and I hoped to critique very famous paintings like Pollock 's drip paintings and The Persistence of Memory. However, it was a Saturday afternoon in the middle of July in New York City. I wasn 't afforded the luxury of being able to observe famous paintings such as those without a large crowd forming around it. In order to complete my assignment I went to the Getty. I found that finding a painting to study was harder than it seemed. I made a return trip to the Getty after brushing up on Art and Physics. The Getty is home to a variety of artwork dating as far back as the 1300s. I focused on art that was featured in different galleries of the museum including Italian Renaissance era and early Christian work. The paintings that I finally decided to write about were The Portal of Rouen Cathedral in Morning

Susan Sontag discusses the difference in viewing art in physical form versus viewing in through a lens. Throughout the essay “In Plato’s Cave”, Sontag thinks both Plato’s cave images and photographs represents, “the mere image of truth” (Sontag 3). With that, Sontag repeatedly uses the terms “truth” and “reality”, but does not define what these terms mean to her. The impression Sontag left for these terms is that “truth” or “reality” stand for nothing more than what we can see. Being said, the difference between what we can with our own eyes and what we can see with a camera is reduced to the physical/mechanical differences between the human eye and body camera/lens.

“If you hear a voice within you say 'you cannot paint,' then by all means paint, and that voice will be silenced. “ once said Vincent van Gogh. I am interested in paintings that are inspired by a real life scenery that someone is viewing and when they decide to capture the beauty of that scenery with their art. The Starry Night and Water Lilies are both similar and different in many ways. In this piece of writing I am going to be comparing and contrasting The Starry Night and Water Lilies.

James Archibald Turrell born on May 6, 1943 in Los Angeles, California. Turrell began his studies at Pomona College where he earned a BA in Perceptual Psychology and Mathematics, and later going on to receive his MA in Art at Claremont Graduate School in California. As the master of light and perception Turell’s works concern themselves with the perception of light, time and space in regards to the viewer. Whereas a painting can be viewed upon, Turrell’s works have a way to immerse the viewer into the work itself giving the viewer a sense of being in the moment of this experience.

From the time periods of late1904 to early 1906, Pablo Picasso, one of the most renowned oil painters in history, explored the theme of Saltimbanques upon his canvas medium during his famous Rose Period. Previously, Picasso suffered from depression, which resulted in the era known as the Blue Period, but in 1904, Picasso met Fernande Olivier, who some speculate was the transition from his Blue Period to Rose Period. During the Rose Period, Picasso’s used of warm color oil paints, primarily pink, highlighted the artistic style of Saltimbanques as he depicted circus performers, harlequins, and acrobats that he observed when living in France. For much of his artwork, “Picasso’s eye would also require the stimulus of a visual experience,” and for him, the idea of being visually stimulated by circuses, caught his attention. In order to gather inspiration, Picasso would frequently visit the Cirque Médrano in Montmartre so that both his mind and eyes could be visually stimulated. As his infatuation with Saltimbanques increased, he dedicated a series to them and in 1905, he created his most famous painting of the Rose Period “Family of Saltimbanques.” This painting, standing at 7x8 ft, was considered to be the biggest painting ever produced by Picasso. Using these influences, Picasso was able to create his most impressive works of the Rose Period, “Family of Saltimbanques.”

Giovanni Antonio Canal (28 October 1697 – 19 April 1768), better known as Canaletto (Italian: [kanaˈletto]), was an Italian painter of landscapes, or vedute, of Venice. He was also an important printmaker in etching. He was the son of the painter Bernardo Canal, he visited England between 1746–56 and he is famous for his urban landscapes of Venice. He is very famous for his scenes, usually associated with "evocative views of the city". The Stonemason´s Yard, was his finest work around 1725 and was presented by Sir George Beaumont in 1823/8.

Great insights went into the intricate composition of Francisco Goya’s painting The Third of May 1808, his painting utilizes the principles of art and design which displays all six principles: unity and variety; emphasis; balance; rhythm and movement; perspective; and proportion and scale. All six principles could also be identified and critically analyzed within his painting The Third of May 1808 which ultimately resulted in a whole cohesive composition.

Goya was a romantic painter and printmaker who was born in 1746 in Fuendetodos, Spain, on the 30th of March. His parents were Jose Benito de Goya y Franque and Gracia de Lucientes y Salvador. Lucientes’s artistic style and the mysterious themes of his vivid masterpieces leave modern artists in awe. The character and personality of Goya can be vividly seen through his astounding artwork. He is known by many modern artists to be one of the very last “master painters” of his time.

When I was looking through 17th-18th century European artwork in the Norton Simon Museum, there was one piece of art that really stood out to me. That beautiful art piece was the Bay of Naples by Claude-Joseph Vernet. This piece stood out to me because of the beautiful scenery that is displayed and the deep serenity the piece gives me when I look at it. The Bay of Naples is a painting of a landscape that captures the daily life of the bay. The materials used for this painting was oil on canvas.