1. What Factors Seem Most Important in the Transition from Traditional to Modern Society? Why Do They Seem so Crucial

Slavery dates back to the seventeenth century, when they were brought by ship from Africa to America. Plantation owners has indentured servants from Europe, who was serving time for their actions, and slaves from Africa. There was a prevalent development of degrading treatment towards African slaves and the institution of slavery as a whole in the time period of 1607- 1750 in Virginia which can be seen by slaves getting taken advantage of, children being taken away or runaway ads and also not receiving the same basic human rights as other individuals .

When approaching slavery from a historical standpoint, it is a tendency to generalize the experience of slaves. However, slavery differs per region and time period. The differing climates of the Chesapeake region and Deep South determined the crops that would be grown and consequently the severity of slave labor. Likewise, over time slavery evolved from a class based system (poor indentured servants working alongside blacks) to a

Political, economic, and social conditions have often led to turning points that have changed the course of history for nations and peoples. For instance, neolithic revolution and the fall of Rome has greatly contributed to changes that has occurred in history. The Neolithic Revolution was a great shift from a nomadic style of living such as hunting into a settled down society. The idea of farming was created making the society’s life more structured. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the renaissance came to full power. This introduced a newer and broader outlook on life. The society’s view became more secular. This became the turning point in history, causing people to look more into logic and reasoning, causing the enlightenment.

The English colonies in present day America used slavery as a form a cheap labor, but it wasn't until the seventeenth century that the view of slavery became racial based. Slave labor on Chesapeake was thought as beneficial because slaves never became free and their children were born into slavery.“Species in which a distinction is already marked immediately at birth, between those of it members who are intended for being ruled and those who are intended to rule.” Many poor farmers that lived on Chesapeake felt that they were intended to rule because they could get married and have families, property, move and associate with other people, be a jury, vote and hold office. “They could also work and sleep as they pleased.” When the English started expanding and looking for land one of their rationales was that they could put the land to better use by employing European-style agriculture and livestock. Many of the English policies towards the Indians were based on segregation. In order to continue segregation, the English came to develop the notion of “race”: they began to view race as an imperative that justified English rule. “Greeks regarded themselves as well born into their own country but absolutely and in all places.” The English thought of themselves the same way. Aristotle’s views were present in the English justification for supporting that slavery and the taking of lawns justified and therefore it was natural because they were

Slavery began in some of the earliest civilizations and continued to be around for over a thousand of years after that time. During this time, people of various races were forced to work for those above them and were treated almost as less than human. Two areas where slavery is best displayed is in Ancient Rome and in America prior to the Civil War. When comparing and contrasting slavery in these two places, one can see similarities and differences in how the slaves were acquired, treated, freed, and the type of labor they had to undertake. Even though these two societies were over a thousand years apart from each other, Ancient Rome and America can be compared to see the changes that occurred in slavery during this time and the ideas that

In industrial societies, the five institutions started to change more drastically than in past societies. Family life became fragmented because there was less communication. The children went to school and the parents worked. Another thing that changed in the family was that people lived with their nuclear, or immediate family instead of being surrounded by family like in past societies. Education was no longer only for the elite who could afford it. Schools were formed and there was an organized system with teachers. There was a lot of confusion, or anomie, when it came to religion, because there was more diversity and arguments. The Catholic religion was being challenged by science and Protestants as well. The government went through some major changes

Economic, social, and cultural factors all played roles in the expansion of slavery in America. Economically, Africans became free laborers by substituting the position of indentured servants and Native Americans. Socially, blacks were considered outcasts and was treated as property instead of human beings. Culturally, slaves were discriminated against because of their skin and were treated dishonorably wrong. This concludes that "prejudice itself did not create American slavery." (Foner 132,

Africans were always seen as slaves rather than free people. It came to a point were generation from generation, people with African ancestry were legally enslaved for life. European colonists’ even committed to legalizing enslavement of hundreds and thousands of people, but it led to Africans being slaves based on race. Slavery was a big part in Virginia and South Carolina. The history of slavery in Virginia first appeared in 1619 where the Africans were indentured servants. As for South Carolina, majority of their population were African Americans. 65% of their population of about 18,000 people were African American slaves. Upon the social, economic and political development of slavery in Virginia and South Carolina, it impacted their race, class and gender.

Slavery originally started in Latin America and the West Indies by the French, Spanish, and Portuguese after the conquest, to replace the depopulated labor of the Indigenous people. Shortly after, slavery became a profitable enterprise for the capitalistic driven United States. Some of the principal laws and systems of slavery were the same in both regions, but others were later changed. It brought about many changes, with respect to African-Americans and black culture. Those changes had long lasting effects, not only on how blacks view and are viewed in society, but also on how the destruction of our culture influenced our current life-style today in United States and

Slavery (the ownership of another human as one’s own property) is one of the oldest traditions in human history. History shows that ancient Rome and Greece valued their wealth upon the number of slaves an individual owned. Their service was to provide slave labor for their owners. As time progressed, slavery began to evolve into something much different– especially in the North American colonies. A new nation was emerging, fueled by a drive for expansion and a growing economy. The United States exploited African Americans through racial slavery to fill the labor shortage and created a system that stripped them of their basic rights, dignity, and created social barriers to ensure their subservience to Southern society.

exchange of new things and ideas. One change that occured in social during this time was population. The

During the 16th and 19th centuries, slavery was widespread throughout the world. It was practiced by African and European countries to facilitate labor in their colonies abroad. These cultures, who were economically dependent upon the slave trade, also utilized slaves to fill vacancies wherever the citizenry failed to meet the needs of labor. The areas that are experienced in the primary sources are the English colonies of North America, Spanish colonies that spanned from Florida through the Caribbean Islands, and Africa, the European source for slaves, which utilized slaves similar to livestock headed for the market. Whether one was a slave of the English, Spanish, or Africans, slaves were treated differently based on control such as personal agency and use of religion.

The ownership and dominance over slaves was the true nature of slavery. The Spanish and the Portuguese were the first to settle in the New World, and they developed the culture of using the slaves on their plantations and as servants. Followed by the French and English, they also used slaves when they colonized the New World in order to enlarge their economy. The slave owners treated slaves like property since they considered them as their belongings. They also view them as valuable investments, so the slave owners gave them necessary things in order to keep them healthy and useful. Although, they gave the things the slaves needed in order to be well, they were not worth anything more than that. Having ownership over the slaves also gave the power and strength to the Europeans. The Europeans dominance over slaves is also considered the true nature of slavery because one of the reasons for the terrible conditions of slavery was due to the white’s supremacy over other races. The slave owners believed that they were much higher-ranking than blacks, and this idea of supremacy lead to slavery into a worse situation. If the Europeans did not considered the black people as a property or as their belongings, slavery could have not occurred.

Throughout history, slavery has played a very prominent role in shaping the world's societies and economies. Across three time periods in particular, slavery throughout the world has notable similarities and differences in areas such as the status of slavery, the way slavery influenced society, and the motivation for a civilization to practice slavery. These time periods are the Renaissance (1300-1650), the Industrial Revolution (1700-1900), and World Wars I and II (1914-1945).

The most important changes were brought in the economy and the way of earning income. Industrialization turned everything upside-down in this sector of human activity. In pre-industrial societies income and the economy as a whole, were based on agriculture and manufacturing in home. Wealth was not something to be pursued, the character and personality of the individual had greater value than his wealth: “the hard-working poor man is superior to the lazy rich man” (Vidich: 230). In modern economies everything is based on industrial mass production and white-collar jobs have increased. The pursuit for wealth is so high that if we compare it with traditional societies, modern ones would look corrupted (Macionis: 408).