1. What Makes The First Summary Unfair? How Can You Tell?

4. The final argument should be the strongest and the one backed up the most. It should be based not only on your personal views, as they could be a bit skewed, but also on the reader’s point of view.

Fair does not always mean equal. Fair and equal are not the same this can be illustrated in the similarities and differences between Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut and Martin Luther King Jr's “I Have a Dream speech.”

Chapter 3 "Critical Thinking and Argument" of Andrea A. Lunsford's book Easy Writer, covers how to critically understand and make an educated argument. Lunsford first explains how to critically read and analyze the meaning or purpose of a text. Lunsford gives the reader a method to do this which includes previewing the text, taking notes, writing a summary of the text and the making an analysis of the work. Next Lunsford explains how to identify different types of appeals in a texts argument. These appeals include emotional, ethical and logical appeals. Emotional appeals center around personal values and human emotions. Ethical appeals deal with personal morals and the goodwill of humans. Logical appeals are based solely on facts and research.

Introduce the first main point of the argument. Then, provide evidence from the sources. Multiple pieces of evidence should be provided to support the main point.

In this article titled “Analyzing Arguments: Those You Read and Those You Write” goes over multiple strategies and examples to help you analyze the meaning and purpose of a specific argument and how to strengthen your own.

1. I wrote arguments in my persuasive and literary analysis to fulfill standard one. I used my research as evidence and combined that with my prior knowledge to make educated arguments to support my claims. I spent time going through information and analyzing the information to find sufficient evidence.

8. Provide an argument for retribution and one against (citing the essayist for each side from the text).

Graff and Birkenstein believe to become an effective writer on would start off with what “They are saying”. After you state the they say you can introduce your viewpoint/ argument so it can give the reader an idea of what you’re writing about. I like the idea of using the “they say” technique. Especially when writing an argumentative essay this strategy gives your essay more credibility. It gives the reader of sense that you can acknowledge a point of view even it opposes your own. Graff and Birkenstein also suggest to summarize the they say. Summarizing helps you understand the information better without

Two articles, The Facts about the Achievement Gap by Diane Ravitch and From Still Separate, Still Unequal: America’s Educational Apartheid by Jonathan Kozol, provide facts about the crumbling education system in the inner cities of America. Schools there have shown to be segregated, poorly staffed, and underfunded. While the theme of both articles may be educational shortcomings, the content is surrounded by discussions of segregation. There are more underlying factors the authors are missing. Readers need to be rallied together in a unilateral cause to identify the issues affecting the nation’s education system, segregation is not one of them.

In Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus Finch employs pathos and diction in his closing argument to the jury and people of Maycomb in order to persuade them to see beyond their prejudice and free Tom Robinson.

“How come you believe the woman? She’s one of “them” too, isn’t she?” (Shmoop) Juror 8 points out the unethical way they are handling the decision that could end a kids life. The other jurors should be looking at everyone as equal instead of different. Juror 8’s statement makes the other jurors think about the way they are looking at the whole case, and how they should look at everyone the same in any case, regardless of all biases they may or may not have. Similarly, in To Kill a Mockingbird, during Atticus’ closing arguments he used an ethical appeal to the jury when he said that the courts were corrupt and that they should realize this unethical corruption. “Our courts have their faults, as does any human institution, but in this country our courts are the tut great levelers, and in our courts all men

Having just completed writing my paper, I was able to see where my strengths and weaknesses are. Having to write a paper on an argument, I struggled trying to come up with what to write about. Making a valid argument in academic writing is different than that of just making an argument. In a person’s academic argument, the writer should not only show his/her own beliefs, but they need to also show there opposing views. While this may seem easy, it can prove to be difficult because as a writer, they are not allowed to attack a person or group, or the essay can become invalid to the readers. Deciding to stick with writing my topics on teachers, I decided to write an essay on how they are underpaid. This topic not only explores why teachers are underpaid, but it also shows how teachers are viewed.

a field of social science data” (p.86). He is not “persuasive, consistent or suggestive” (Patton. 2002, p.162) and simply gives the accounts an equal weight in the debate. His synthesis of the evidence does address the research question, but

According to Fricker, epistemic injustice can occur every day because people tend to fill their minds with prejudicial stereotypes and social power. A disadvantage of

3. State one assumption the writer makes and explain it. (What does the author simply believe is essential to the argument but does not state directly?) The author wants to make a