1-Year Cognitive Training Case Study

During the start of the 20th century, Europe was in a good place. It controlled many empires and colonies, and technology was advancing at a rapid pace after the Industrial Revolution (1840-1870). However this peace did not last; 1914 started a brutal four year war known as WWI. The immediate cause of this war is known to be the assassination of the Archduke of Austria, Franz Ferdinand, in June of 1914. However, there are many more elementary causes of this complicated war. Some of the main underlying causes of WWI was the strong militarism and imperialism felt in the European countries, and the alliances put in place to uphold these powerful militaries and colonies.

In Chapter three I was introduced to the cognitive tool kit. First thing I did was looked up cognitive. I have seen and heard the term before however wanted to ensure I had the correct meaning of the word. Business Dictionary defined cognitive as psychological process involved in acquisition and understanding of knowledge, formation of beliefs, and attitudes, and decision making and problem solving. After reading the definition I came up with my own definition. Cognitive- Having the ability, skills and problem solving ability to respond intelligently as an independent and critical thinker. The cognitive capacities and values fostered by interdisciplinary studies are perspective thinking which is the ability to view a problem from an alternate viewpoint in order to gain a better understanding. The second Interdisciplinary Study capacity that involved is critical thinking. The ability to Analyze, critique and form an educated opinion is something I consider on of my strongest points. The third capacity is integration. Integration allows you to see the finish product of perspective viewing and the critical thinking process. The cognitive capacities and values are reflected in Maya Lin’s work allowed the visitor to place themselves in the solders shoes. Everything was calculated from the mirror reflected granted to the sloping. For those few moments the visitor went back in time and had an emotional attachment to the atmosphere. In Chapter four “The Rise of the

The goal was to investigate the three different cognitive training areas: memory, reasoning and speed. The authors started with a baseline of participants of an average of “73.6 years old, had 13.5 years of schooling and 26% were African American.” After five years, they found that training effects with OTDI did not influence the subjects observed in the study and after the preliminary study they did a study on subjects with no diagnosis of dementia and no ADL limitations (bathing, dressing, and personal hygiene). After eliminating three of the 2,082 they worked with 2,799. The ODLT was measured by cognition and the response to verbal prompts every day and whether it led to better performance in the older

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal form of dementia, frequently seen in the elderly altering their cognition, thought process and behavior. AD is reported in about half of patients that have a dementia diagnosis; one study states that about 10.3% of the population over 65 years is affected by dementia with an increase to almost 50% over the age of 8 (Beattie, 2002). Alzheimer’s disease is not a normal part of the aging process in humans, but rather found in a group of diseases that affect the brain leading to a decline in mental and physical control. AD when diagnosed has a very slow and gradual course, initially affecting the individual’s short term memory (Beattie, 2002). Alzheimer’s disease is the 6th leading cause of death, affecting more than five million people in the United States and is also one of the most common forms of dementia. Dementia can be defined as a disorder of progressive cognitive impairment severe enough to affect daily functions of an individual’s life (Fillit, et al., 2002).

Lifestyle changes to help prevent AD, according to The Alzheimer’s Prevention Foundation International include ‘four pillars of building a better memory”; diet and vitamins, stress management, exercise and pharmaceutical drugs. Diet and vitamins: the brain requires nutrition, blood flow and energy that comes from a diet that is moderate in calories, high in good fats and clean proteins. Stress management: reducing depression and improving your ability to deal with stressful situations. Exercise: mental and physical exercise is essential for brain health. Effective workouts include brisk walking, swimming, and Tai chi mental exercise such as visiting museums, crossword puzzles, reading, taking educational classes, and socializing with friend’s arte all excellent ways to keep your brain in shape. Pharmaceutical drugs: medications such as Aricept, Exelon, Reminyl, and Namenda, taken with the supervision of a physician, can play an important role in delaying the progression of mild memory loss due to Alzheimer’s disease. Natural hormone replacement

Non-pharmacological interventions, such as validation therapy, are the first line approach to manage BPSD. However, in emergency cases where there is safety risk for the person with dementia and others, the pharmacological intervention or psychotropic drug are used. Psychotropic drug includes neuroleptics, anxiolytics and antidepressants. Additionally, to improve cognitive function, memory enhancement drugs such as cholinesterase inhibitors are

The victims of discrimination are sometimes portrayed as the evil ones. In Divergent by Veronica Roth, a girl named Tris has the power of being divergent which allows her to resist serums and certain things that make her think differently, because of these things she is often discriminated against by groups of people and try to kill her. In a similar text, Malcolm X By Any Means Necessary by Walter Dean Myers a young African American man is trying to live the American dream but realizes he can’t because of the racism and discrimination he is undergoing and decides to live a life of religion. In Divergent Veronica Roth suggests that people who are discriminated against have more power than those discriminating and should

There is no cure for Alzheimer’s. But drug and non-drug treatments may help with both cognitive and behavioral symptoms

Dementia is a debilitating disease that slowly destroys the mind from within, slowly destroying people's memories, movement and cognitive ability until taking the person's life. With a steady decline from two to three years and a more aggressive decline from three year to five years where it enters its final stage, normally resulting in death (Willis, Tennstedt, Marsiske, Ball, Elias, Koepkem, Morris, Rebok, Unverzagt, Stoddard & Wright, 2006). However while currently there is no cure for Dementia, during the two to three year span the disease can be delayed and symptoms can be minimised through a form of treatment (Willis et al., 2006;Gates, Sachdev, Singh & Valenzuela, 2011). Known as Cognitive training, defined as the targeting of specific areas of cognitive function through specific techniques to help delay the symptoms of Dementia (Jean, Bergeron, Tbivirge & Simard, 2010).

This article discusses how the one child policy has changed China’s development. The policy was implemented in 1979, to get in control of the population growth as quickly as possible. It was determined that without a decline in fertility, China’s economy would not have been able to grow by 7-8% a year over the past decade. Some believe that China overreacted and that the fertility rate could have been lowered without the policy. Other effects of the policy are women tend to marry men that are several years older than them, and there are fewer women because China has the tradition of favoring boys.

Six drugs have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that temporarily improve symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease by increasing the amount of chemical neurotransmitters in the brain. The effectiveness of these drugs varies from person to person. While these drugs cannot cure dementia or repair brain damage, they may improve symptoms and create a better quality of life as the disease progresses. Non-pharmacologic therapies are often used with the goal of maintaining or improving cognitive function, the ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living, or overall quality of life. They also may be used with the goal of reducing behavioral symptoms such as depression, paranoia, apathy, wandering, sleep disturbances, agitation and aggression (2015). How is occupational therapy used to

Imagine seeing an abusive video, it creates a lot of emotion in people. It brings out another side of them either emotionally or physically making them want to do something about the situation. Now when people start a new job they usually go through some type of training getting them ready for the work. That’s what this experiment is about, but it’s not just your average type of training. In the Article “Increasing Cognitive Readiness Through Computer and Videogame–Based Training” by Jorge Peña and Nicholas Brody, a study was made to see if exposure to emotional or tacticle miltatry videos had an effect on two compents of congnative readiness, emotional regulation and metacognition. Also examining how social identification factors such as

Smith et al. (2013) took a less studied approach to improving cognitive decline by testing the effects of aerobic exercise on adults (60-88 years old) already suffering from cognitive impairment. After 12 weeks of moderate exercise there was an improvement of memory and neural efficiency across all subjects.

Alzheimer’s disease is six out of the ten leading causes of death in the U.S. and five out of the ten leading causes of death in elderly people over the age of 65. AD diagnosis occurs through postmortem detection of pathology in neural tissue. The risk of getting AD comes within age. Individuals with MCI are at risk of progression to getting AD. Close to 15 percent of adults above the age 65 are diagnosed with MCI, and more than half of them develop AD more quickly. MCI adults can regain cognitive function by exercising, eating healthy, reducing cholesterol intake, and by working the memory by practicing challenging cognitive tasks. Working memory is a system that underpins cognitive activities ranging from attention to a specific stimulus

Most types of dementia are treatable with medication and supportive therapies. However, it is irreversible and not curable. The most one can do is to slow down the progressive process. Medications help improve dementia conditions, but negative side effects can potentially bring back unwanted signs. Memory improving medications, such as Cholinesterase inhibitors and Memantine help act as a neurotransmitter; regulating brain cell chemicals to improve the memory function. Validation therapy, where it treats disorientation and confusion will help out Mrs. Jones with her dementia. Cognitive training is recommended. One research shows that “At the end of the training phase, each intervention significantly improved the targeted cognitive ability: