The 1940's: An Iconic Era Of American Society

The origin of the computer resides with the military. The computer itself was created by the military during the Cold War era, when we were in a technological race with Russia. This race was the fuel for massive advancements in technology especially in the sector of computer intelligence. The first Computer’s were physically large enough to fill an entire room. They were used to manage large quantities of data in textual and numerical form. The government backed certain research facilities in the advancement of the computer and some investigated and experimented in computer technology with art and music. 1

The first tax machine in 1642. In the 1880's Thomas Edison invented the vacuum tube, but they failed frequently ("History Of Computers And The Internet"). In 1938 the first programmable calculator was invented. Apple 1 was invented just for hobbyists, then when Apple 2 came out it was a very big hit. The first IBM PC computer was invented in 1981 and the Intel 4004 was the worlds first microprocessor ("History Of Computers And The Internet"). Computers have come so far already and there is no telling when they are going to stop or if they are going to stop. Computers have made sexism a big

ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer. It was introduced on February 15, 1946 and was the very first digital and electronically run computer. It was created in the United States at the University of Pennsylvania and its original purpose was to calculate artillery firing tables during World War 2. The ENIAC weighed 30 tons and filled up an entire extremely large room with its many parts. Its complexity was prominent, containing approximately 18,000 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, thousands of switches, and 1,500 relays. It produced calculations that, if done by hand, would have taken much longer to achieve. For example in one second, the ENIAC could solve 5,000 additions.

During the mid-twentieth century many inventions were created in America. The 1900s included important inventions such as the airplane and telephone. Along with this time of innovation and invention came World War II, a large impetus to create something new. The digital computer was just one of these many inventions. The digital computer was invented in around 1940, right within the World War II time period. George Stibitz was recognized as the father of the invention although there were many steps leading up to the digital computer. As a few of the many features, the digital computer’s ability to do multiple functions and to have greater programmability put it ahead of its predecessors. World War II was just another incentive to improve the computer, allowing for faster operations and more effective cryptanalysis. Digital computers were one of the most important inventions within its time period due to its impact on history, the many people involved, and its advancements compared to previous devices.

This article’s author offer’s a more concise perspective to four major topics regarding computing: digitization, computation, control in binary format, advance of electric technology, and the human to machine interface. Ceruzzi also delves into the history of modern computing, starting with how the word digital was coined to describe high-speed calculating used in anti-aircraft machines, to punch cards and how they were utilized for the 1890 U.S. Census. Cerruzi concludes by leading us to Silicon Valley with the invention of the silicon chip, the

IBM first entered the digital computer world back in 1944 (IBM Operator’s Console). That is when the first ever automatic general purpose digital computer was built with Harvard University. The computer was able to perform “additions in one-third of a second and multiplications in six seconds” (IBM Operator’s Console). Then just four years later IBM then introduced to the market a Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator. This machine was able to process thousands of calculations within seconds. Although, even then IBM was not done rolling out better designs. In 1952, another four years later, IBM announced the 701. IBM’s 701 was the first fully electronic data processing system. Able to do processing twenty-five

In 1939 one of the very first computer company was founded, thus beginning a whole new era of technology that has evolved over a period of 76 years and has yet to slow down. Throughout the decades computers have transformed from machines that took up the space of an entire room, to fitting in the palm of your hand. Computers come in all shapes, sizes, and types such as desktops, laptops, cellphones and even game systems. While computers have an assortment of functions and purposes, some computers only have one purpose. Also, the performance of computers have come a long way, computers today can do multiple task at one time and they are much faster.

Computer has been invented ages ago using the idea of abacus which for reason of calculation. Until today computer still developed to fulfill the will of new generation which want computer to have a simple function and faster in processing the information. It’s also important the style and size of the computer so that the costumer will satisfy with the appearance and size of the computer. Since World War 2 computer already develop its technology but the question asking from 1945.

With this concept it still took over a century for what would be the start of the modern computer to come around. “The Z1, originally created by Germany 's Konrad Zuse in his parents ' living room in 1936 to 1938 and is considered to be the first electro-mechanical binary programmable (modern) computer and really the first functional computer” (Computer Hope).

Computer Technology and the Effect on Society Computer technology has had a great effect on society as a whole throughout history. It has modified our behavior greatly as we have become accustomed to the technological advancements of yesterday. We are so dependent sometimes we do not even have a concept of what life would be like without computers. When we are forced to live life without computers we are left hopeless and disillusioned and simple everyday tasks become major chores. Computers of the past were very primitive compared to the computers of today but extremely useful. One of the very first computers of major importance was the abacus that was developed by Chinese and later made more

Also from Eckert and Mauchly came the first commercially used computer, the Universal Automatic Computer, or the UNIVAC for short. Invented in 1951, the UNIVAC was still huge when compared to today's standard for computers. It had 5,000 vacuum tubes and took up about a 25- by 50-ft. room (Betts 20). The key difference between the UNIVAC and the ENIAC is that the UNIVAC was

This introduction brought about the first real signs of competition within computing history, which helped to create faster and better computers .

Everything you do on a computer or phone is meticulously programmed. Surfing the web requires HTML, CSS, JavaScript, JQuery, and PHP. Lines upon lines written such as “$temp = password_hash($object->password, PASSWORD_BCRYPT);”. The binary zeros and ones of machine code turn into video games, websites, and programs such as what you are using right now to read this. The age of information was brought forth by the ability to access all known information and share new knowledge. The unsung founders of the age of information are programmers that created the links between peers that we now call the World Wide Web.

The earliest electronic computers were not personal in any way. They were expensive and to keep them running it needed a team of engineers and specialists of programming. The most famous Electronic Numerical Integrator Analyzer and Computer (ENIAC), was built at the University of Pennsylvania to do ballistics calculations for the US military during world war II. It cost $500,00, weighed 30 tons and took up nearly 2,000 square feet of floor space. On the outside, It was covered in a tangle of cables, hundreds of blinking lights and nearly 6,000 mechanical switches to operators. On the inside, almost 18,000 vacuum tubes carried electrical signals from one part of the machine to another.

Steps Toward Modern Computing 31 First Steps: Calculators 31 The Technological Edge: Electronics 31 Putting It All Together: The ENIAC 36 The Stored-Program Concept 36 The Computer’s Family Tree 37 The First Generation (1950s) 37 The Second Generation (Early 1960s) 38 The Third Generation (Mid-1960s to Mid-1970s) 39 The Fourth Generation (1975 to the Present) 41 A Fifth Generation? 44 The Internet Revolution 45 Lessons Learned 48