1970 Case Study

Due to the lasting effects and overall victory of the bread and roses strike, it is known that this 1912 strike has a strong historical significance for the working class, which was present in 1912, but also significant today. This strike was important for its workers directly involved as it showed their resistance and demand of democracy in the workplace (Lawrence History Center, 2013). This connected to include the working class more broadly at this time as these workers were attempting to emancipate themselves in a time where workers had little to no power over their rights and working conditions. They were fighting in solidarity for their workplace rights, to have freedom to exonerate their rights of fighting back (Lawrence History Center,

The words chosen by the writer suggests that they do not agree with the actions of the labor unions. Other times, the newspapers would associate them with violence. During the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, Charles M. Dollar Along with seeing labor movements as radical, many labor movements were labeled socialist by the media. In the cartoon in Document C, the labor movement is shown to be influenced by socialist controls. Considering the generally negative connotation that came with communism in the United States, when newspapers like Harper’s Weekly labeled organized labor as socialist, many people developed a negative attitude towards organized labor. The disapproval of organized labor was not exclusive to the American public but also the federal government. During the late 20th century, the Supreme Court became increasingly conservative on the issue of organized labor. In the Supreme Court case In re Debs, the court ruled that federal government controlled interstate commerce and was obligated to keep the railroads from obstructions and in that specific case, strikes or protests. The fact that a good portion of the American public and the federal government saw organized labor as a detriment; it was no surprise that organized labor

The general strike of May 1926 was not a success for those attempting to force the government to act to prevent wage reductions and worsening conditions for coal miners. Had the TUC been more prepared to strike and followed through with what the miners wanted them to do, the government would have been faced with a much tougher challenge. Despite this, even if the conservative government were faced with a tougher challenge, the preparations and subsequence actions taken by them were more than enough and the main reason for the failure of the strike.

In the period immediately following World War I, American workers struggled to earn a living as prices rose and wages stagnated, forcing them to seek union support. Labor unions endeavored to represent the working class against their employers and corporations, who refused to increase wages or improve working conditions. In order to combat the capitalist’s immense political clout, unions made their voice heard through strikes. After the war, capitalists linked unions to the mounting communist threat, stressing that strikes undermined capitalism and threatened a republican form of government. As a result, government sided with capital against labor unions and the struggle of the American workers, who had no voice against corporations. This struggle can be exemplified in a correspondence between union leader, Samuel Gompers and bishop William Quayle, published in “The Twenties in Contemporary Commentary: Labor & Capital”. The letters demonstrate that in the 1920’s, labor unions were necessary as a means to overcome capitalist greed and enhanced the ideals of democracy by empowering the working class.

This article talked about the general things of the National Labor Union back in the 1800’s. It mostly talked about the negative effects of the NLU such as exclusion of women, racial prejudice, and failing to enforce the eight-hour labor law. The article did mention about groups of skilled, unskilled, and farmers were unable to share and participate in united political views unless they were intensely focused on labor union. After William Sylvis death in 1869, the NLU suffered politically and dealt with the Depression of 1873, where the NLU finally collapsed.

Despite being able to cause a small improvement in workers’ pay and hours, labor unions ultimately died out by the 1900s due to their methods. Unable to truly focus on the plight of skilled workers, most labor unions instead focused on that of unskilled workers, pushing aside the skilled workers. (Doc D). The actions of labor unions ended up being counterproductive, forcing companies to wage war against the labor unions. These stricter contracts such as that of Western Union Telegraph Company, forced workers to affiliate themselves against labor unions. (Doc E) One important thing to note is that the workers’ rights advocates were never able to coincide on one factor. As evidenced in an illustration in 1887, labor unions had to compete with other movements such as socialism, anarchism, and other labor unions. (Doc F). Because of this, the media, although recognizing the labor union movement, began viewing the labor unions as dangerous entities. Although the initial strikes such as the Wabash strike were successful, the ones that followed proved detrimental to the movement, and caused the steady decline of the labor unions. Because some of the strikes were dangerous, many strikes resulted in the deaths of those involved, such as the Homestead Crisis, and Pinkerton (Doc G). Combined with events such as the Wildcat strike, Haymarket strike, the Pullman Strike, the public began to associate a negative

I am not deep, but I am very wide-Throughout the period 1865 to 1992, the government was both a help and hindrance to the trade union movement. Roosevelt’s New Deal represented a brief turning point in the Federal government’s attitude towards labour rights, prior to which its laissez-faire approach to the economy had significantly favoured employers by granting them more power to abuse the rights of labourers. The New Deal of 1933 was set out with the intention of fostering better relations between the employers and the workforce, as well as helping establish new

In 1919, many problems need to be deal with high goods, high employees and these labors; The United States is Judge Elbert Gary have these tensions with the steel to the strike. Thus, the United States Steel employers quit the job over 250,000.4 Furthermore, these meetings in the strike were breaking up, and the police were riding down in the towns. These issues had as much as complicated when in Farrell, Pa., it has one striker to be killed and also twenty people were injured. This violence was appeared and labors were death with many reasons at this

In New York, thousands of USPS employees commenced to striking, President Richard Nixon specified that the workers should return to their occupations and they will not make a decision under the weight of a strike. The workers did not pay attention, and within days, 200,000 workers were on the walkout. The strike had currently spread to 30 main

The labor union movement over the years has shaped the way individuals work and live for both the nicest and unpleasant. Some would think the unions influence has created a power struggle between management and union leaders. In today’s time, some citizens insist the existence of unions are a must to aid in employee freedom, while others view the labor unions as just another problem in the line of progress. The purpose of labor unions was for employed workers to come together and collectively agree on fundamental workplace objectives. The rise of the union came about after the Civil War- responding to the industrial economy. Surprisingly at the least unions became popular within the 1930-50’s and began to slowly decrease,

The research question my group chose dealt with the state's enforcement of gender in Mexico city from 1940-1970. I faced many challenges in my historical research, the first was finding adequate primary sources that dealt with gender. I encountered an abundance of secondary sources when using the school databases but not too many primary sources. The research results would often include sources that were out of our time range or were in a different language. When conducting research using the school database, I had to be very specific with the key terms I used but that didn’t guarantee me accurate results. Our research was limited to American newspapers, such as the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times, as they were the only newspaper archives that were available to us. While some of the articles offered insight into the new job opportunities that could potentially arise in Mexico City, they were not specific to any gender. As a historian,

adamantly opposed any recognition of the union. Thus, the union members decided to strike over wages, safety

Within the last few days, nearly 125,000 workers on 29 different railroads have walked off of the job as a refusal to handle any train with Pullman cars on it. Business owners have been reaching the peak of their irritation and have been employing replacement workers to try to end the protest. The courts have also become involved. With the recent passing of an injunction, federal troops were sent to the scene. Instead of helping the situation, it enraged the strikers. Protests have been beginning to become violent.

The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) going on strike displayed Reagan's firm action that is unprecedented. Giving the workers an ultimatum sent a very strong signal to the union workers. It helped to reduce illegal work stoppages against the federal government drastically. Furthermore, and most importantly, it strengthened the power of the presidency and executive because Reagan exercised his removal power by firing most of the air traffic controllers who went on strike. The action taken marked a turning point in U.S. labor relations and also highlighted that the legal right of workers to organize and bargain collectively is, for lack of a better term, non-existent.

In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, as Baby Boomers reached their teens and early 20s, record companies began earning record profits. Promotional budgets grew. Musical acts became even more popular given substantial airtime and other promotions. And, as such, venues for live music became larger – some seating upwards of 100,000 attendees. To engage and excite these larger audiences, performances were enhanced with increased sound, lighting systems, and special effects featuring smoke, flash pots, lasers and video screens.