1994 Agreed Framework Case Study

After all accusations that North Korea made against the South Korea, the U.S Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has backed South Korea’s call for North Korea “to come forward with the facts about this act of aggression and above all, stop its belligerence and threatening behaviour.” U.S President Barack Obama made a decision according to South Korea concern adopting a newly aggressive military attitude towards its neighbour; he had directed military commanders to work with South Korean troops to make sure readiness and to deter future aggression from North Korea.

The U.S. helped to divide the Korean peninsula at the end of World War II, and then waged war against North Korea in the 1950s. Although the U.S. signed a peace agreement rather than a peace treaty with North Korea after the war, its policy toward the country changed. Instead of trying to overthrow the North Korea government, the U.S. government adopted a policy of containing communism. During the 1980’s, associations between North Korea and the U.S. start to take on a new diplomatic form. North Korea’s nuclear weapons program had become a pressing international issue

Since the 1950’s North Korea has posed as dangerous threat to The United States and its allies. With North Korea development of Nuclear arms and its consistent hostile rhetoric and actions towards the United States. With the North Korea’s development of a long range ICBM, more now than ever the United States has been put into a position where its and many of its

Comparing the Foreign Policy of Presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton Towards North Korea

In the debate entitled “Trump and North Korea: Brinkmanship or Belligerency?” both Matthew Kroenig and James F. Person deliberate where we are with nuclear war and evidently how close to a conflict we are with North Korea. Kroenig started the discussion, addressing his position via a three-prong approach—is North Korea a security threat? What’s the history/how did we get here? and how policy comes into play? Pertaining to North Korea being a security threat, his overarching argument was that although it isn’t the greatest threat, it is the most urgent one, as they are an up and coming threat to us with nuclear war, having around 50-60 nuclear weapons and ICBMs available. In regards to the history/how we got here and policy, it’s important to

allies and interests, resulting in the stationing of U.S. forces in South Korea and Japan. However, it has also been the subject of a policy experiment. Both Republican and Democratic administrations have tried to engage Pyongyang in order to improve relations and end its objectionable behavior. That policy, albeit politically controversial, particularly during the Clinton administration, is probably here to stay, not just because its attraction has been compelling to a cross-section of mainstream Democrats and Republicans, but also because political trends in Northeast Asia, particularly the ongoing rapprochement between North and South Korea, only reinforce the logic of engagement. The key question for the new administration is how it should shape its diplomatic policy towards North Korea to further U.S. interests in a region possibly transitioning away from the cold war confrontation of the past five decades to some unknown status.

That December, North Korea announced the reactivation of its nuclear reactors at Yongbyon and followed by kicking IAEA inspectors out of the country. By January 2003, with the United States now under the George W. Bush administration, North Korea had withdrawn from the Non-Proliferation Treaty (CNN Library). Fast forward to the current events happening under the United States, Trump administration. The question remains, what does the world do about the North Korean defiance in regards to denuclearization. The mere fact that North Korea has defied four consecutive American presidents shows little promise for finding a diplomatic solution to their ongoing threat of possessing and possibly using nuclear weapons.

This memorandum reviews the president’s decision regarding U.S. action towards the North Korean Nuclear Threat. Recent Claims made by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) on July 4, affirm that North Korea had successfully loaded a hydrogen bomb onto an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) with a minimum range of 6,200 miles. A missile with such potential and recent threats made on the U.S. territory of Guam, press for denuclearization must be of high priority. The president should revise his orders and policy options to safely and respectfully form a diplomatic relationship with China, Russia, and North Korea to slow down the denuclearization process. Failure to execute a policy option that will gradually decrease

In 2000, South Korean president Kim Dae Jung and the North Korean leader Kim Jong Il met for inter- Korean summit. (Jung, Kim Dae) “7.4 Jointment Statement” of 1972 pledged that Korea would work for peaceful reunification. (Korean unification: a new kind of peacebuilding project: Professor Myoung-Kyu Park is the current director of the Institute for Peace and Unification Studies at Seoul National University) Such peaceful reunification would have to follow North Korea’s collapse and its absorption to South Korea. It is difficult to predict when North Korea would collapse, but economic and social problems arising within North Korea provides reasons that collapse is a possible scenario. (Bennett, Bruce W) North Korea is collapsing economically due to crop failures. According to the U.N. Food program, North Korean food stocks are critically low and distribution system is malfunctioning. (Leitich, Keith A) Historically, North Korea has been more industrialized than the South. However, in the 1970s, South Korea’s GDP increased and in 2011, ROK’s GDP grew up to about $31,700, while North Korea’s was about $1,800. As the economy is malfunctioning, North Koreans’ strong belief of Kim family and the government is also collapsing. Despite of North Korea’s effort to prevent citizens from outside informations, people are being exposed to the informations through North Korean defectors and smuggled South Korean dvds. More people are willing to escape from the country as North Korean defectors to South in 2016 increased by 10.9% compared to the previous year. Moreover, as food is in short supply in N. Korea, military is also weakening making it less likely for N. Korea to be able to start a war. (Bennett, Bruce

The relationship between the US and North Korea has been fraught with tension for many years. This paper explores the history of the relationship while discussing possible causes for the tension.

North Korea defines its military actions as part of a historical continuum and…will continue to use force as the single most important policy tool in the foreseeable future” –says Narushige Michishita, Deputy Director of Japan Ministry of Defense. . The Korean Peninsula is the last remaining division of Cold War along its Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). To the south lies the Republic of Korea (ROK), which is one of the world’s fastest growing economies and to its north lies the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), better known as North Korea, a country of continued repression and seclusion from the outside world. The succession Communist Kim-regime has an iron fist reign over the DPRK since the country’s formation in 1948, stands as the

Speaking from a liberal point of understanding, the development of international institutions is very vital. Most powerful states have relied on international institutions and economic interdependence. I believe this because international institutions are one of the most important efforts for the achievement of world peace and possibly stop North Koreans leader from making terrorist threats. International institutions can set standards of behavior and verify compliance and resolve disputes. Also, the economic interdependence has been a huge key factor in the cooperation and peace of those States. Many of the states that are considered speaking upon the North Koreas dangerous efforts against them are States that have been trading goods for decades. They are all relying on each other for something because each cannot produce efficiently for themselves. "We are worried. If anything can go wrong, it will go wrong," "A nuclear war is totally unacceptable to everybody"(Duterte). Creating a stronger international institution to set standards of behavior, disputes and verify compliance would be virtuous in halting a war. In the long run, I hope we can expect some type of cooperation soon between North Korea because the United States is not the only State that is

Economist, America and China have agreed to work together to eliminate the threat of a nuclear North Korea. China and America have agreed to sanction that would have restrictions on the financial assistance to North Korea. However, even if tougher sanctions are enforced by the United States and China, this may not work to stop North Korea's ever growing nuclear program which may lead to the

In fact, the 1994 Agreed Framework, signed on October 21, 1994, was agreement for North Korea to freeze and replace its nuclear proliferation program with light water reactors, which provide nuclear power. In addition, the agreement urged both the United States and North Korea to work towards more diplomatic relations. Also, North Korea was expected to accept the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, which included visits from the International Atomic Energy Agency to ensure compliance. While not a perfectly stable contract, the agreement effectively froze North Korea’s nuclear proliferation program and thus prevented the production of many nuclear weapons. Partially as a result of the Agreed Framework, North Korea does not have as many nuclear weapons as more developed countries as the North Koreans were not able to develop their nuclear program during the eight years of the Agreed Framework. Surprisingly, it was the United States who “suspended its obligations under the agreement” when it found out that North Korea was developing a centrifuge program. The centrifuge program technically did not violate the Agreed Framework, however, it alarmed the United States, enough so that it suspended the Agreed Framework. The significance of the Agreed Framework is simply the idea that North Korea can be dealt with diplomatically as it has been done in the past. With a few major

     At the beginning, our response to North Korea’s HEU and plutonium programs was very hostile and involved condemning them. Eventually, we took little baby steps to ease the tension. We also agreed to talk to them, but limited the things we could talk about with them. At the very time all of this chaos is happening, our relationship with the South Korea is reaching an all time low.