2010 Cholera Outbreak

Causes: Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The bacteria releases a toxin that causes increased release of water from cells in the intestines, which produces severe

Outbreaks of cholera were not isolated to the European and Asian continents, as several major cases within the United States have been recorded back to colonial times. As trade increased with the old world, infected sailors bringing the disease to major port cities, spreading it even further as products became distributed across the nation. Famously documented as one of the most vital turning points for public health medicine within the US, the city of Chicago mirrored what was unfolding in the 1854 London outbreak. Congruent to Snow’s findings, entire families suddenly became severely ill and dying off. As an effort to combat the pestilence, Ellis Chesbrough, an already established railroad engineer, designed a series of sewer systems modeled

Between the 1830’s to 1860’s, cholera spread into the United States from India by trade routes. Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by drinking or eating material that is infected with Vibrio cholerae. Cholera causes watery diarrhoea, but can show days later or never show

It is estimated that 3 to 5 million cases of cholera occur worldwide annually, and 100, 000 to 120,000 of these result in death (Fisher et al., 2014). In comparison, the cholera outbreak started on October 21, 2010 and three months later more than 4,000 people were reportedly killed and about 217,000 infected stated Tuite et al., (2011). Two years later, more than half a million were infected and about 75 hundred people died (Schilling et al., 2013). The cholera epidemic was triggered by the contamination of the Artibonite River (the main river system of Haiti) and one of its tributaries downstream from a military camp (Haus-Cheymol et al., 2012). Within the first month, cholera had spread not only to all regions of Haiti but also to the neighboring, Dominican Republic, with which Haiti shares the island of

Certain organizations and companies such as Foundation Esther Boucicault Stanislas have created initiatives to help people in Haiti. These organizations and companies have established relationships with the Haitians as well other health care providers and it would be wise to beseech their help when trying to fix the issue of cholera in Haiti. The hospital of Saint Nicolas in Saint-Marc has been treating patients for cholera ever since the beginning of the epidemic. Healthcare workers there would be valuable resources on assessing the community’s needs for cholera treatment.

First of all, according to the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) it states,”Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by intestine with the bacterium vibrio cholerae.” In other words, cholera is a disease that starts on the inside of your body by germs. Another fact of Cholera is,”Approximately one in 10 (5-10%) infected persons will have severe disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhea,

In many areas of the country, cholera remains a huge threat. Clean drinking water, free from sewage and contaminants may not sound like a luxury, but in parts of Haiti, it is. Much of Haiti is deforested due to the dramatic need for wood and the lack of shelter. So the need is still there.

Another effect in Haiti as consequence of the earthquake was the contamination and bad sanitation in the country. After the earthquake all the water systems were broke and were almost not sewage water. The inhabitants did not have the resources to have prevention in that chaos. Those factors provoked in the patients and also in those person that were living in refugees some symptoms as watery diarrhea, nausea, vomit and dehydration. With all those symptoms the patients were diagnosed with a virus known as Cholera. This virus spread quickly in the country between the population that were leaving deplorable situations, without sanitation. this case was known as The Cholera Outbreak. As the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC said

Haiti, home to over ten million of people and many more all over the world, is one of the poorest nation in the Americas. In 2010 and 2011, Haiti was heavily affected by a large cholera outbreak that spread throughout the country (Page et al., 2015). Its low economy and its substantially high occurrences of adverse events and insecurity have made the country the recipient of many humanitarian aids and peace keeping missions for almost as long as the country have been independent (Page et al., 2015). It is not to forget that the cholera outbreak that started in the latter of the 2010 year and lingers until today is a complete mirror effect of Haiti’s substandard infrastructure, lack of sanitation and poor water quality have not only make this

Cholera is a bacterial infection spread through contaminated water or food and causes disease with a rapid onset of diarrhea.

They explain that cholera is “an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated” (World Health Organization, 2016).

The disease, cholera, is an infection of the intestines, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. As stated in Microbes and Infections of the Gut, the bacterium is “a Gram-negative, comma- shaped, highly motile organism with a single terminal flagellum” (105). Cholera is characterized by the most significant symptom that presents with the disease, diarrhea, and victims can lose up to twenty liters of body fluids in a day. Cholera can be a serious disease, due to the serious dehydration that can occur, but it is only fatal if treatment is not administered as soon as possible. This research paper includes information on the causes of cholera, symptoms, ways of treatment, studies of treatments, complications that may occur, the

As for cholera epidemic that cause environmental factors that promote the growth of bacterial accumulation and plagued humanity. Its an acute diarrheal infection caused by bacterium Vibrio cholera, which provokes disease in humans. “Vibrio cholera is a slightly curved gram negative rod with single polar flagellum. Cholera bacilli grows in the small intestine and produce an exotoxin, cholera toxin that cause hosts cells to secrete water and electrolytes, as well as potassium” [16]. It results in watery diarrhea and vomiting, if not treated it can cause a massive lost in bodily fluids that will cause dehydration, hypovolemic shock and death. As well as, rapid heart rate, loss of skin elasticity, dry mucous membranes, low blood pressure, thirst

Diarrhoea is one of the most common signs of having cholera. This can start within a few days of infection but can also start within a few hours. Diarrhea can cause the person to become extremely hydrated if they are vomiting too. This can cause them to go into shock as there's a sudden drop in blood pressure.

This condition is caused by eating or drinking contaminated food or water. This condition may also be caused by sharing utensils or other personal items with an infected person or by touching a contaminated surface.