3.1 Low Pass Filter A low pass filter is a filter that passes low-frequency signals but attenuates

13. Use the ruler to measure the length, width, and height of the magnet in centimeters. Record the measurements in Data Table 5.

3. Metal width; increasing the width of the metal will reduce the inductance; somehow it will resonate at early frequency.

Provide detailed descriptions and show all calculations used to arrive at solutions for the following questions:

In elecronic, broadcast, transportation, filters are used to select the desired signal, and deny or block unwanted signals. Or put in other words, they may be the only way we have to block.The doing so, we want to signal and other frequency or with a device, is frequency-selective - it behave different towards different frequencies. Such device is called a filter. (Bertrand, 2002)

T= 40ms, I figured this by guessing cause I could not find any information on how to calculate. So I used the equation for t and plugged in different numbers until I got the 10ms that was already given in the table. t= T x 0/360= 40ms x 90/360= 0.01 x 10^-3= 10ms

In Lab 8, the time constant of resistance-capacitance was measured in order to determine the charge of a capacitor. This experiment was conducted by setting building a circuit that connects the voltmeter across the resistor. The voltmeter was then connected across the capacitor. The above procedure was conducted several times using different voltages. Afterwards, the results were calculated and tabulated. The data obtained from the lab were the theoretical Tau for 5V, 4V and 3V. In this experiment, the calculated voltage was also determined. The theoretical and the calculated values were then compared and evaluated by determining their percentage errors. For example, in the 5V, the theoretical value was 1.23V; calculated value was 1.434 with a percentage error of 16.6 %( for voltmeter across capacitor).

5. Find the maximum separation distance from the primary coil along both the vertical and horizontal axes for each of the various secondary coils. Record results.

$\boldsymbol{P_{DC,max}}$ & $\frac{V_{DD}^{2}}{R_{opt}}$ & $\frac{2V_{DD}^{2}}{\pi R_{opt}}$& $\frac{V_{DD}.I_{rf}}{\pi}.[sin\theta - \theta cos\theta]$ & $\frac{V_{DD}.I_{rf}}{\pi}.[sin\theta - \theta cos\theta]$ \\ \hline

There are many different types of filters that can be used for decimating, including: cascaded comb-integrator (CIC); direct form polyphase finite impulse response (FIR); half-band FIR; symmetric polyphase FIR filters; transposed direct form II infinite impulse response (IIR) and quasi-linear IIR filters amongst others. As well as using these different configurations, hybrid types can be used for more efficient implementations designed either for better magnitude response, lower power consumptions or

This paper comprises an appreciation of data representation, its visualization, an outline description of behavior, plus an indication of the use of the equation in engineering.

Lastly using the theoretical value for the RLC circuit and Equation 2, we calculate a Q-factor of Q=0.19. This low Q-factor indicates that the peak of the curve is not very sharp and there could have been overdamping, which potentially increases the error in reading the resonant frequency, especially for the reading by

2. Try increasing the resistivity of the resistor, ρ. How does this change the “look” of the resistor? Describe how that relates to the formula you just wrote (direct, indirect relationships, etc.). What happens to the value of “R” (Resistance)? Is this something that can be changed in a resistor that you would buy in a store to use in a circuit?

Namely, determining cable types and connectors, designing connection boxes and measuring required wire lengths are some of the major milestones completed during this phase. Determining the best cable type for the application is crucial for the accuracy of the measurement system. Several tests performed at NIST confirms that widely used Teflon cables, retains charge in the Tera-Ohm range resistance measurements. Therefore, for the measurement system developed, polyethylene cables were chosen to connect resistors and equipment. Furthermore, BPO (British Post Office) coaxial cable connectors were chosen as the connection method. Precision of cables and connectors are crucial for the measurement system developed. Therefore, additional testing were done to ensure the accuracy of the cables. Furthermore, the connectors were cleaned using an Ultra Sonic cleaner to remove oil and dirt that could affect the insulation. After cleaning the connectors, insulation between the terminals of the connectors was checked using the Tera-Ohm meter system at

Where Zo is the CPE constant, W is the angular frequency (in rad/s), i2 = -1 is the imaginary number and (n) is the CPE exponent. Based on (n), CPE can represent resistance (n = 0, Zo = R),

H. Sharma, et al. [45] in 2016, discussed in “Optimal placement and sizing of the capacitor using Limaçon inspired spider monkey optimization algorithm” that to limit the losses in distribution and transmission, capacitors of definite sizes are should have been