7.09 Unit 7

Stars are the most recognized astronomical object in space and they represent the building blocks of galaxies. Stars distribute elements such as: carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. A star develops from a cloud of hydrogen and helium, the dust clouds that are scattered throughout galaxies. An example of a dust cloud is the Orion Nebula. The gas and dust begin to collapse from its own gravitational pull. As the cloud collapses, the middle gets hotter. This is known as a prostar. A dense and hot core forms which begins to collect dust and gas. All this material may not end up as a part of the star but can become planets, asteroids, comets, or remain dust. A star about the size of our sun can up to 50 million years to mature. The smallest stars are

Stars are composed of hydrogen gas and dust. Stars owe their existence to the force of gravity. Stars are created from the thinly spread atoms of dust and gas that swirl throughout space. The atoms clump together into dense clouds that eventually collapse under their own gravity. Other forces counteract the gravity. The dust and cloud grows

“The sun is the heart of our solar system” (NASA Solar System Exploration) which is located at the center of the solar system. The sun has a radius of 432,168.6 miles. You would need 1.3 million Earths to fill up the sun. But the sun is not the largest star there are several that are much larger. The sun is the closest star to Earth which is around 93 million miles. The sun is like a big ball of gas. “In terms of the number of atoms, it is made of 91.0% hydrogen and 8.9% helium.” (NASA Solar System Exploration). But if you measure by mass the sun is made up of “70.6% hydrogen and 27.4% helium.” (NASA Solar System Exploration). Gravitational attraction which is made by pressure and temperature in the core holds together the sun. There is three main layers in the sun which are the core, the radiative zone, and the convective zone. Inside the core temperatures can reach 27 million degrees Fahrenheit

However, this has not happened and it’s starting to make secular scientist themselves admit that our sun is special and unique in design, because it does not emit these monster super flares like the ones produced by Proxima Centauri. The question is, could our sun send out such a flare powerful enough to even melt the ice on Jupiter’s moon’s, destroy earth’s ozone layer and even obliterate all our satellites? Well the answer is yes. Scientist have studied other sun like stars in our galaxy and discovered that they produce these super flares about once a century. But, they have no explanations as to why our sun does not produce such solar

Sunspots are dark spots on the Sun caused its magnetic field. The spots are dark because they are cooler than the area of the Sun that surrounds them and are often as big as the Earth.

The sun is the glue that holds this galaxy together, and makes a stabilized environment on Earth to survive, and plays a substantial role for everything that happens to the earth. The sun is the largest amount of matter in our galaxy, therefore also having the most amount of mass also giving it the strongest gravitational pull. Since it has the strongest gravitational pull in the galaxy, the sun is the center of our galaxy having all the planets and asteroids surrounding it. Now this doesn't mean the sun is the biggest star there is possible, in fact the sun is just an average star. The average stars are dwarf stars, and the sun is a yellow dwarf star. Now we have dwarf planets like Pluto, compare Pluto to the Earth, now compare the Earth to the sun. That just leaves the question how big is a star? The sun only looks bigger to us than most stars because we are the 3rd planet

The sun is a very powerful star and their love is one of the most powerful and true

It contains a large amount of ionised atomic hydrogen (H II) which is lit by the ultraviolet light of young, hot, blue stars.

Solar flares, Sun spots, and Radiation are all vital parts of the sun cycle. Sunspots create solar flare which gives off radiation, without one another the sun could explode because of energy build up.

To start on how the sun produces heat, the sun consists mostly of hydrogen, especially at its core. The core is only one fourth of its size but this is where all of the reactions happen and where all the heat of the sun is actually produced. In the core of a star, it is so pressurized and so hot that nuclear fusion occurs every 9.2×1037 times a second. The hydrogen molecules are forced together to make helium molecules. When this reaction occurs, it releases 0.7% of the mass in the form of energy. The conversion rate of mass into energy is 4.26 million metric tons a second. This type of reaction is what occurred in a hydrogen bomb. So just like the bomb, that explosion is what happens in the sun but not exactly. Because the sun is so dense with hydrogen and helium, the explosion is contained. The outer mantle of the sun, which makes up three fourths of the sun and consists of all of the energy that is created by the core, contains this explosion. Plus the inward gravitation pull on itself also keeps the explosions contained.

Solar storms are a concern to Earth because coronal mass ejections, eruption of a billion tons of charged particles from the sun’s outer atmosphere, can reach Earth in a few days and solar flares, gigantic explosions on the sun’s surface erupting with force of 20 billion nuclear bombs, can reach Earth in minutes. Earth’s outer atmosphere acts as a shield. If large enough an event can move the magnetic shield and induce currents on power lines and blow out transformers.The sun’s atmosphere, the heliosphere, extends out through the entire solar system, causing Earth to be subject to its weather. In addition, humans are greatly dependent on technology, all of these satellites that allow for the use of such technology are at risk of being harmed by solar storms.

The Sun is a star that is located at the centre of our solar system composed primarily of hydrogen and helium with smaller quantities of oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron. The sun keeps our planets in orbit due to its’ large gravitational forces and provides our planet with heat. There are many different ways in which stars can be classified, and The Sun is listed as a G-type Main Sequence star and is also known as a yellow dwarf. It is currently in a phase called the “main sequence” in which 4 hydrogen atoms are fused together to form 1 helium atom as well as energy (4.3x10-12 joules worth). Our sun is approximately half-way through its main sequence phase, and in approximately 5 billion years it will enter it’s post main sequence.

Have you ever looked up at the sun and wondered what it is. Well the sun is a low-mass star. It is very important to our existence on earth. It is our main heat source. And without it we would probably all freeze and die. It is also a average main sequence star. In the low-mass star life cycle , there are 5 different types of stars. These stars if hot enough can make the first 26 elements through fusion. These elements are left behind to make everything we know of.

Indecent bodies like the sun. Stars are made up of big exploding balls of gas, mostly hydrogen and helium. The sun is similarly a star made up of huge amounts of hydrogen, undergoing a continuous nuclear reaction like a hydrogen bomb. Stars come about when vast clouds of hydrogen, helium and dust contract and collapse due to gravity. The clouds came from astronomical plasma from “The Big Bang”, but the dust comes from the supernovae of other stars.

The sun allows species, such as human being, on earth to live until they are old enough to leave and say goodbye to the material world. There is nothing that can replace the sun that is always helping our lives and planet out of death and extinction. Other stars, indeed, have the same function as our sun does, but they are too far away from our planet. They are just little dots that appear during night time to make sky look pretty and fancy. Although our sun is better than other stars at bringing light and warmness to us, it does not help us at all in the evening because it is in the opposite side of the earth. What makes the sun disappear at one side of the earth at night and appear at and shines the other side? That is caused by the spinning movement of our earth. Adding to that, our