A Brief Introduction to the Pinch Analysis

where Q ̇ is the heat transfer rate to the control volume, W ̇ is the work given out per unit time and h is the enthalpy. Exergy balance equation (second law of thermodynamics) for each part of the power plant is presented with Eq. 4.

The thermal technology also known as thermodynamic is the heating of saline water. Thermal removes salts as well as other contaminants and It collects the condensed vapor distillate to produce pure water.

After the mass and energy balance was completed and the flow rates and salt content for all streams obtained, the heat duty required by each heat exchanger was also estimated from the values obtained in the mass and energy balance and also using the specific heats required. The heat transfer area of the heat exchangers were calculated as well based on the heat duty, heat transfer coefficient of each heat exchanger and the log mean temperature difference which was found by determining the temperatures of the hot and cold fluids in and

help to reduce required energy and thermal pollution. This paper presents an overview of research

Energy has been an important part of human evolution. Ever since human began development, energy was a major factor. We need energy for everything we do. Heat is one of many types of energy, and it is a very important type of energy. We use heat to warm our shelter, drive cars. Heat transfer is one of the most obvious processes in the nature. It occurs at all the places such as machine, biological creatures, etc… In engineering this heat transfer is a key part of understanding heat energy. The study of heat behaviour and harnessing heat energy is called thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is used for many areas such as nuclear power plant, car engines, etc… This essay will cover topics such as, what is energy, and what makes it useful? , what is thermodynamics, success rate for harnessing and manipulating energy and how energy is vital to us all and how we use it.

Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Study on a Counter-Current Double Pipe Heat Exchanger using CNT/water Nano-fluid

Like Exergy, Entransy dissipation is also found which occurs due to thermal resistance. In a previous research work[20], Entransy was mentioned as the heat transfer potential of any substance .In another article [21], a combination of entransy & environmental analyses and entransy & the life cycle cost analyses were conducted to investigate the optimum insulation thickness of two different insulation material glasswool and rockwool . The optimum insulation thicknesses from glasswool and rockwool were found respectively 0.003 and 0.057m higher in environmental analysis than life cycle cost analysis

[6] Apart from this thermal property, there are other issues also need to be considered when design the PCMs for the thermal energy storage systems. For example, it is preferred to choose high density and small volume change materials, which also called as physical properties [7] because large changes in volume would result in a large and complexity system size. [10] Furthermore, the expenses of the materials, as common sense, are not expected to be too high, which also considered as the economic properties. In other words, the thermal storage system should be sufficient economically efficient.

In a certain process, 8.00 kcal of heat is furnished to the system while the system does

Shell and tube heat exchangers are probably the most widespread and commonly used basic heat exchanger configuration used in the process industries. This is because shell and tube heat exchanger provides a larger ratio of heat transfer area to volume and weight. Its provide this surface in a form which is relatively easy to construct in a wide range of size and which is mechanically rugged enough to withstand normal shop fabrication stresses, shipping and field erection stresses, and normal operating conditions. Moreover there are many medication of the basic configuration is available to solve special problems. Those components that most subject to failure (gaskets and tubes) can be easily replaced and cleaned. Finally, good design methods exist and the expertise and shop facilities are available throughout the world.

XYZ is a small to medium sized factory that is almost 40 years old. In order to keep up with the changing energy regulations and customer expectations the energy consumption of the factory and its efficiency has to be evaluated. This baseline study provides an assessment of the factory’s energy use and sets forward several important recommendations that will ensure more efficient energy consumption.

The four fundamental laws of thermodynamics are used to define how physical quantities behave under various circumstances, these include energy, entropy, and temperature. The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy in the universe is always conserved, therefore it cannot be created or destroyed, and it can only be transformed from one form to another. The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy of isolated systems always increases, this means that in all processes of energy exchange, if no energy is introduced to or leaves a system, the sum of potential energy will be less than initial condition. The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system is maintained as the temperature decreases to absolute zero. The fourth law of thermodynamics defines temperature equilibrium between systems.

Replacement of old heating and cooling systems along with ventilation will be carried out. The idea is to install Digital Mechanical control thermal system. This

The temperature profile describing the heat transfer between the fluids in different flow arrangements is also given. The hot fluid transfers heat to the cold fluid. Usually the cold fluid is transported by the inside pipe. By combining the principles of the electric heating tank with the principles of the counter flow concentric heat exchanger we can save electricity by using the hot gas produced during production in chemical plants. The gas that is used in this text is carbon dioxide gas, this gas is mostly produced as an unwanted gas. A hot gas in the pipe will be passed through the tank to cause heat transfer from the pipe to the tank. The will be no mass transfer between the gas and the water, only energy in the form of heat will be transferred. The counter flow of fluids will be used to promote heat transfer.

Rate of maximum gain in efficiency was obtained with first feed water heater and increment diminishes with the addition of number of heaters. This work was examined the improvements in efficiency with increases in boiler pressure, turbine inlet temperature and furnace temperature.