A Brief Look at Xeroderma Pigmentosum or XP

Melanoma is caused by over exposure to UV which can sometimes cause sunburn, it can be especially critical to those whom are inclined to the disease itself. The tumours derive in the pigment-producing melanocytes which are inside the basal layer of the

Telomerase is able to add DNA nucleotides to the ends of telomeres (the end of DNA sequences). After replication, a small amount of the telomeres are cut off. When the telomeres are cut too many times, the cell has met its Hayflick limit. It is believed that when an individuals cells have divided too many times, that they die.

1. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and related conditions such as TEN, chemical and burn injuries to the eye, ocular pemphigoid, or aniridia.

Oculocutaneous albinism means albinism affecting both eyes and skin. Most people with Oculocutaneous Albinism have two different mutations on one gene, that is referred to as compound heterozygote. There are seven different categories and subtypes of each type of albinism. . 1 in 70 people carry the gene for any type of Oculocutaneous Albinism. (Grønskov, Ek, & Bronaum-Nielson, 2007)

There are several different types of Albinism. For example, Oculocutaneous (pronounced Ock-you-low-kew-TAIN-ee-us) Albinism or OCA and Ocular Albinism. There are seven forms of Oculocutaneous Albinism: OCA1, OCA2, OCA3, OCA4,

Albinism is a disorder where the gene for melanin pigment is decreased, which causes your skin or hair to become a lighter shade. This disorder comes from all different backgrounds. There are two different types of albinism; OCA and OA. From the OCA category, there are seven different subcategories; OCA 1, OCA 2, OCA 3, OCA 4, OCA 5, OCA 6, and OCA 7. Albinism is a recessive inheritance, meaning that there must be two mutated genes from each parent. The symptoms of being an albino are having poor vision, or the skin or hair is abnormally pale on the person. Vision may be extremely nearsighted or extremely farsighted. Albinos may be very sensitive to light as well.

Melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer that affects the melanocytes in your skin, melanocytes produce melanin which are the pigments that give your skin its colour. Despite the fact that the exact causes of melanoma are unknown there are however several factors that increase the risk of melanoma, these factors include exposure to ultraviolet radiation and genetics. Melanoma is most common in lighter skinned caucasians born after the 1940s (Erdmann et al 2012) as genetically they are not as resistant to Ultraviolet radiation, with certain trends such as sunbathing and the use of a tanning booth, individuals unaware of the risks to melanoma are purposely exposing themselves to Ultraviolet radiation to create a desired tan. Melanoma is the

Cyanosis is the bluish discoloration of the skin. The disease is mostly on the skin but can also be in the mucus membrane due to excessive concentration of deoxyhemogoblin in the blood caused by deoxygenation. There are two different types of Cyanosis which are Central and Peripheral. Central is around the core, lips, and the tongue. The Peripheral is only on the extremities of the body or fingers. Cyanosis comes from the Greek word Kuaneos which means “dark blue”. Cyanosis is caused by the lack of oxygen, when the body lacks oxygen the blood turns bluish purple. The lack of oxygen in the blood supply allows the body parts to turn, such as the ail bed, skin, or mucous membrane, causes that body part to take that bluish tint. When the patient

According to the given studies and examination records, the diagnosis for this patient will be melanoma, which is a type of skin cancer. Of all the variants of skin cancer, melanoma is the most diagnosed with a survival rate of approximately 92% (“Melanoma: Statistics,” 2016). Melanoma is typically diagnosed after a patient develops a mole that becomes irregular or asymmetrical. After the primary diagnosis the patient is then sent for a biopsy which will then determine if the patient will receive treatment or not. There are many risk factors for melanoma, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV rays can damage the DNA in skin cells. This damage affects certain genes that control how the skin cells grow and divide. If these genes no longer work properly, the affected cells may become cancerous (“What Causes Melanoma Skin Cancer?,”n.d.)

Albinism is a genetic disorder where the body doesn't or produces little melanin pigment in the eyes, skin, and hair. Anyone in any ethnic group can be born with albinism. Mutations that cause albinism are on the X chromosome, the LYST gene, the HPS1 gene, and the HPS3 gene. If any of those genes are mutated then the organism with the mutated gene will most likely be born with albinism. Some symptoms of the disorder are Nystagmus (involuntary back and forth movement of the eyes),

Midnight Sun is a romantic film that was released in theaters on March 22nd, 2018. This film is about a 17-year-old girl named Katie Price who was diagnosed with a rare condition called Xeroderma Pigmentosum, also known as XP. XP is a condition that is marked by extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet rays from light. If these individuals are exposed to ultraviolet light, they are likely to develop skin cancer and could possibly lead to their death. As a result, Katie was prohibited to leave the house during the day. She would spend most of her time writing her own music and play her guitar, and when she was able to, she would go out at midnight and sing at a train station. As Katie was singing one night, her longtime crush, Charlie, who she had

There are no cures, but treatment and preventative care to help prevent risks of skin damage due to UV light that may cause severe sunburn or even skin cancer. Sun glasses, clothing to protect the skin from UV rays, prescription eyeglasses, surgery on the muscles of the eyes to help with eye problems. The sun is ultimately the biggest danger with someone who has albinism and they should take extra precautionary measures to avoid long

Then there’s Hypopigmentation, which is basically hyperpigmentation reversed. The two most common forms are albinism and vitiligo. There is no cure for either but here’s some more information and detail about the two skin disorders.

Ultraviolet keratitis is a condition that occurs when UV light damages the cornea. The cornea is the clear cover on the front part of your eye. It helps focus light, protects your eyes from dust and other objects, and filters UV rays. The condition usually improves on its own without treatment.

Albinos often suffer from many vision problems such as nystagmus (rapid movement of the eye), photophobia, strabismus (muscle imbalance causing crossed or lazy eyes), and even functional blindness (Blaser). A noticeable physical trait many albinos show is the red/pink color of their irises. This is caused by the lack of pigmentation in the retina and, because light can shine through not only the pupils but also the irises, light reflection due to the blood vessels in the retina (Ghayourmanesh). Although many afflicted with albinism do show this trait, many have normal colored eyes, such as blue, brown, or hazel (Spotlight). Extremely pale skin is also a common symptom of albinism, due to the lack of melanin in the skin. Along with paler skin comes increased sensitivity to sunlight and an increased risk of sunburn and skin cancers