A Brief Note On Cleft Lip And Cleft Palate

There are a number of possible types of these births. These include thoracopagus, the most common, affecting 35% of all conjoined twin births, where the chest wall is shared, and often the heart. Pygopagus is another type, occurring in 19% of all cases, where the twins are joined at the buttocks. Two significantly less occurring patterns are ischiopagus, 6%, connected at the tailbone, and craniopagus, 2%, with a fused skull. Some other commonly occuring types include cephalopagus, with the upper torso and back of the cranium fused, and dicephalus, having two heads and necks connected to one body. Cephalopagus and craniopagus twins are rarely operated on, because the brain is such a delicate organ on which to operate, especially when shared brain tissue is involved. Other types include parapagus, a lateral fusion of the lower half of the body, and omphalopagus, joined frontally at the midsection. Finally there is parasitic twinning, where one twin is dependant upon the other for life, and often one is misformed, lacking organs or fully formed parts (www.twinstuff.com).

IDEA definition applies to cleft palate due to this disorder happens during development. Children with clef palate can have speech and language impairment which the student may need services to help with language development.

➢ After leaving the pharynx, air enters the ;larynx, where two pairs of ligaments, together with the mucosa covering them, forms the vestibular and vocal folds. These folds help prevent foreign particles, including food, from entering the lower respiratory system.

Cerebral palsy occurs when there is lack of oxygen to a baby’s brain when being delivered. This causes brain damage which can then cause problems when trying to reach development norms. Cerebral palsy affects a child’s

Soft palate pink and smooth. Tonsils Tonsils not present Uvula (cranial nerves IX, X) Uvula rises midline on phonation Tongue (cranial nerve XII)

The sample was generated from participants who volunteered. The participants represented males and females ranging between the age of 8 and 13; 14 males and 10 females of each cleft type; and matched them according to sex, age, IQ, and levels of reading ability. In order to be a participant, the authors listed the following as criteria: the subject had to be reading at least one grade level behind on the Wide Range Achievement Test, Average Full Scale IQ on the WISC, be within the third to sixth grade in school, the evidence of cleft lip and palate or cleft palate only had to be present with no other genetic syndromes or neurological anomalies which might be related to intellectual or learning process, and no significant hearing loss at the time of testing.

The neural tube in an infant forms early during pregnancy, then closes twenty eight days after conception (CDC). Children born with spina bifida have complications with the development or closure

Any intervention plan needs to include three components to be successful. The first being clinical expertise of the professionals that the disorder pertains to. Therefore, with speech being the target, a speech language pathologist would use his/her clinical judgment. The next factor includes current research and studies that involve the disorder being targeted. The intervention plan needs to be based in science, and there needs to have been previous research done to prove its effectiveness. This assures both the clinician and the client that the treatment will yield results if preformed correctly. The most important aspect is the last component, involving the child and their caregivers. It is pertinent that the patient is the main focus of all decisions, and with young infants that includes the caregiver/s as well. In order to devise a proper intervention plan, the patient and the caregiver/s concerns and wants need to be met. If patient or caregiver would like to target a specific difficulty, it is the clinician’s responsibility to use their professional expertise and current research to compose a plan that best suits the client and his/her needs. (Ritzman,

By dates, she is 11 6/7 weeks and the crown-rump length measurement is concordant. The nuchal translucency measurement fell within the normal range. The nasal bone was identified, and there was normal ductus flow. No abnormalities were seen within the

The formation of the thoracic and abdominal walls is complete in the 9 th week of pregnancy and of the heart in the 8 th week. Complete or incomplete failure of midline fusion at this embryonic stage can result in a variety of disorders

Individuals with cleft palate may experience secondary disorders such as feeding and suckling difficulties in infancy, facial deformities, hypernasality, and difficulty maintaining sufficient intraoral pressure to properly produce pressure consonants. These problems can occur at multiple stages as a child grows into adolescence and young

By dates, she is 33 ½ weeks. Both twins are cephalic with twin A on the left, slightly anterior, and twin B more to the right and superior. Both have good amniotic fluid. The dividing membrane is identified. The BPP scores are 8/8 and the Doppler studies are reassuring. An overview fetal anatomy assessment was performed, though limited by the more advanced gestational age in conjunction with twins. No gross malformations were noted but again a detailed assessment was not possible.

Conjoined twins must be delivered by cesarean section. This means that the surgeons must cut through the wall of the mother’s abdomen to deliver the babies. (Mayo Clinic Staff) Many conjoined twins pass away shortly after birth, while some of the twins that survive cannot qualify for separation surgery. Separation surgeries rely heavily on the surgical team. There are two main theories for why conjoined twins happen. One theory suggests that the egg divides late or does not divide at all, and the other is that the egg divides completely but joins back together. (“Conjoined

Cleft lip is a type of facial error or mutation that shows up in early stages of pregnancy. The issue is about with the tissue, with there not being enough to completely form a lip. This creates a vertical gap between each side of the lip. This usually goes from the base of the nose possibly to upper parts of the person’s gums or upper jaw. A cleft palate is found in the roof of a person mouth. It creates an opening in the top of the mouth and can affect the hard palate or the soft palate. Combinations between these two disorders are possible along with one occurring without the other.

Cleft lip and/or cleft palate are group of conditions that include cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP) or both (1). Cleft lip alone and combined cleft lip and palate defects are twice as common in males as females, while cleft palate alone is more common in females (2). Cleft Lip and/or Palate conditions are the most common facial birth defects which occur in all races, both sexes and all socioeconomic groups and their distribution vary from country to country and they account for 65% of all head and neck anomalies (3). They occur at a prevalence of approximately 0.9 per 1000 live birth; nevertheless this prevalence is varying according to geographic location, ethnic group, and socioeconomic conditions (3). In Sudan the prevalence was