A Brief Note On Diabetes Mellitus ( Dm ) Is A Serious Disease That Affects Much Of The U.s. Population

According to the United States Library of Medicine, diabetes is a disease that occurs when the body does not make or use insulin correctly, therefore causing fluctuating amounts of glucose in the blood. Diabetes is a disease that affects millions of adults and children from various cultures. According to the American Diabetes Association (2014), someone is diagnosed with diabetes every 19 seconds. The Center of Disease Control and Prevention most recent statistical report indicated there were 29.1 million adults and children affected by diabetes. Those numbers are astounding. Unfortunately, the American Diabetes Association (2014) estimates by year of 2050, one out of three adults will have diabetes. Therefore, it is imperative that adults take aggressive measures to prevent this disease. By the same token, diabetes diagnosed in children and adolescent is becoming more prevalent every day. The American Diabetes Association (2014) reported there were about 216, 00 children in the United States with diabetes. It is predicted that one out three children will be diagnosed with diabetes in their life. The statistics for both adults and children with diabetes are frightening; however, early detection can help lower the risk of developing the debilitating effects of diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or Type 2 Diabetes is seen as a metabolic disease that is categorized by abnormally high blood glucose or hyperglycemia. Diabetes Mellitus is also formerly known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and is the most common form of diabetes that is seen. Insulin is a hormone that is supplied to the body that allows us to efficiently use glucose as fuel. When carbohydrates are broken down into sugars in the stomach glucose enters the blood circulation simulating the pancreas to release insulin in an appropriate amount to become used for energy. With diabetes mellitus the body does not properly make use of the insulin supplied for the body. This causes the pancreas to produced an extra amount if insulin which the body cannot keep up with, causing an imbalance to the blood glucose levels (American Diabetes Association, 2015). In the united states diabetes affects almost 29.1 million people, while the another 86 million people have pre-diabetes but do not know. It is also known as the 7th leading cause of death in the country in the recent years (MedicineNet.com, 2016). For a patient suffering from a chronic form of diabetes mellitus understanding how these mechanisms lead to the condition can be used as preventative measures. Potential consequences as well as the causes and clinical manifestations will ensure a better knowledge on the issue to monitor the condition.

Diabetes remains the 7th leading cause of death in the United States. The cost of care for diabetics and new cases of diagnosed diabetes patient’s rise more and more each year. In 2010 234’051 death certificates were issued with the mention of diabetes as a contributing factor to the death. About 60% of lower limb amputations were performed. The cost of care for diabetics is now at an astronomical high of $176 billion dollars. A change a most be made to prevent all of this loss. (American Diabetes Association, 2014)

What is diabetes mellitus, and what action can I take to manage my Diabetes? Diabetes is a disease that affects the body systems that include; nervous system, integumentary system, genitourinary system, cardiovascular system, circulatory system, and endocrine system. In the Chinese traditions they see diabetes as having a yin deficiency or having an excessive amount of yang that is causing disharmony between the elements that provide nourishment to you spleen and pancreas. The medical and nutritional approach interconnects when investigating the individual cause of the increase susceptibility to diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is a disorder that is formed by high blood glucose. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause for death in the United States. It occurs most often in adults, but it’s one of the most chronic disorders in children. Individuals suffering from hyperglycemia have low production of insulin. American Diabetes Association is trying to prevent and cure diabetes and improve the lives of all people affected by diabetes.

Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that influences the physical and social aspects of life for millions of people living in New York City (NYC). The excess accumulation of glucose in the blood caused by this disease can lead to the breakdown of many organs in the human body leading to increased hospitalizations and mortality. Although diabetes is a manageable disease given the appropriate care and education, the disease and its complications disproportionately affect African-Americans or non-Hispanic blacks then any other ethnic group in NYC. The NYC Department of Health & Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) reports death rates among black New Yorkers are higher than among whites, regardless of neighborhood income. There is a significant number of non-Hispanic blacks afflicted in low-income neighborhoods due to the environmental injustices such as lack of fresh food options, neighborhood poverty, and limited recreational space for physical activity and exercise. With lifestyle modification as the mainstay of treatment, recognizing the environmental deficiencies and rectifying these problems at the local and federal levels will help to decrease this health disparity.

“Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that is characterized by chronic hypoglycemia” (ATI 2011). There are three classifications of Diabetes; Type One is classified as "juvenile-onset" or "insulin-dependent" diabetes. This type of diabetes does is where the immune system destroys cells that release insulin, eliminating the production of insulin in the body. Without insulin, cells can 't absorb the sugar in the body; sugars are used to make energy by the body. Secondly, Type Two diabetes is classified as "adult-onset" or "non-insulin dependent diabetes. This type of diabetes can develop at any age, and is usually based on lifestyle choices. In Type Two, the body isn’t able to make use of the insulin that is currently being produced, which is classified as resistance of insulin. As this disease progresses, the pancreas will produce less insulin, causing a deficiency. Thirdly, Gestational diabetes occurs in pregnancy. It is situational diabetes when the development of the fetus blocks the production of insulin by the pancreas.

Diabetes is a common chronic disease that causes problems in the way the blood uses food. The inability of the body to transform the sugar into energy is called diabetes. Glucose, a simple sugar, is the primary source of fuel for our bodies. When food is digested, some of the food will be converted into glucose which is then transferred from the blood into the cells however, insulin, which is produced by beta cells in the pancreas is needed. In individuals with diabetes, this process is impaired.

Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency in the pituitary hormone, vasopressin that is known to regulate functions in the kidney; leading to the kidney not being able to concentrate urine. (Khanna, 2006) Aquaporin-2 is located in the apical cell membrane of the collecting duct of the principal kidney cells and is the only aquaporin to regulate vasopressin. Its main job is the reabsorption of water from urine whilst at the same time being excreted from the body via the kidney. Likewise, when vasopressin is required it binds to the surface of vasopressin receptors which in turn allows for the activation of a signalling pathway; ultimately leading to the aquaporin-2 channels to combine with the plasma membrane. (Lodish, 2008) Furthermore, mutations of aquaporin-2 result in either nephrogenic or acquire diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can also be either autosomal dominant or recessive, in which a similar x-linked phenotype is formed as a result of a mutated vasopressin receptor. With that having been said, acquired diabetes insipidus is caused by lithium decreasing the manifestation of the aquaporin-2 gene. (Knoers,

“Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is a disorder of insufficient activity of ADH, leading to polyuria (frequent urination) and polydipsia (frequent drinking)” (Huether & McCance, 2012, P.449). There are two forms, neurogenic or central DI can occur with injury or some drug to posterior pituitary gland interferes with abnormalities in ADH secretion. Second nephrogenic is failure of the renal tubes to concentrate urine in respond to ADH. In DI the individual has difficulty concentrating urine whether partial or total. The lack of ADH allows filtered water to be excreted in the urine instead of reabsorbed. Results in excretion of large volumes of dilute urine, leading to increase plasma osmolality. The disorder triggers excessive urination and thirst and fluid intake. Urine output can range from 1 to 2 liter/day averaging 8 to 12 liter/day with low specific gravity. Loss of fluid output without replacement the individual can rapidly develop dehydration. The individual that is unable to maintain the appropriate water balance hypernatremia and hyperosmolality will occur. Laboratory test a 24hour urine, serum electrolyte and glucose level. Urine

Diabetes is one of they many health issues Americans face. If left untreated Diabetes can cause lasting effects on the person with the diagnosis. Close monitoring of blood glucose levels and patient teaching on management of the disease is critical in positive patient outcomes. Diabetes can cause major dysfunctions in several body systems and even death if left untreated. In this paper I will discuss diabetes Mellitus and the impact it can have on a person life and well-being.

This paper explores the complications associated with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) including altered tissue perfusion. Altered tissue perfusion occurs as a result of DM and can cause many complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. Although altered tissue perfusion is not the only cause of ulcers, it contributes to the acceleration and degeneration of tissue once an ulcer forms. This paper also covers nursing diagnoses, individualized nursing interventions, patient and treatment goals as well as evaluation of outcomes, associated with an actual patient. I was able to treat a patient with hyperglycemia within my critical care clinical experience. It also covers the psychosocial concepts that influence teaching readiness, growth and

Diabetes mellitus commonly known as diabetes is a metabolic disease in which there are high blood glucose levels (blood sugar levels) over a period of time. In addition, it is the failure of either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. There are two chronic types of Diabetes Mellitus; one is known as Type one Diabetes Mellitus (DM) which is the body’s inability to produce insulin (a hormone) that needed to help glucose get into your cells in order to release energy. The second type is known as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM), is the body 's inability to make and use glucose. It is common among Americans and without insulin glucose is left in the blood. According to the American Diabetes association, it was estimated in the year 2012 that approximately 29.1 million Americans suffered from diabetes (9.3% of the population), while a staggering 1.2 million were accounted for both adults and children who have type 1 diabetes. Other types of diabetes which are potentially reversible include prediabetes and gestational diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type 2 is a chronic debilitating condition when not handled properly and it is a very costly disease thus it is one of the leading consumers of health care (Pereira, 2014). The main goal of treatment diabetes is to maintain carbohydrates specifically glucose to normal levels. However, maintaining blood sugar (fasting 4-7 mmol/L) is a different challenge if the person have an intellectual disability, such as Down Syndrome (DS) (Mertig, 2011). In this essay, it will cover the health challenges of Kyle, who is a 45 year old male with Down syndrome, moderate intellectual disability and a Non-Insulin Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), managing his condition with proper exercise as well as diet. Individual care for people with DS is essential, each individual vary on their specific needs making it very crucial for the health care provider to assess their physical and emotional needs. Also, this composition will tackle Kyle’s Body functions and structures, his activity and participation, and environmental and personal factors that might affect his health condition.

One of the diseases is diabetes mellitus which is a major cause of renal failure. This disease can be defined as an increase of fasting blood glucose that is affected by a deficiency in insulin hormone. The normal range for glucose (fasting) in the blood is 2.8-6.0 mmol/L. It is classified into two groups, type 1 (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and type 2 (non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus). Stein (2008, p.6) points out that kidney failure happens most often when patients have suffered from diabetes mellitus for more than 10 years. According to United States Renal Data System (USRDS) report in 2007, approximately 44% of primary causes of renal failure is diabetes mellitus in the United States in 2005. Also, Stein (2008) indicates that 15% of dialysis patients are influenced by diabetes mellitus in the United Kingdom. Diabetes mellitus has negative affects throughout the kidneys where the increase of the range of blood sugar causes the damages to the cells in the kidneys. This leads to the presence of the glucose in the urine which is known as glycosuric.