A Brief Note On Parkinson 's Disease And Its Effects On The Central Nervous System Essay

Parkinson’s disease is a very well-known disease. It plagues about five million people worldwide, about a million of those cases are in the United States. A person does not lower their chances of getting Parkinson’s by living in a certain part of the world. It is not more, likely to happen in one location than, another. It has to do with age and genetics (“Demographics of parkinson’s,” 2014). It is a disease of the older generation, around about one percent of people over the age of 60 years old have Parkinson’s disease (Hauser, 2014). As one ages the likelihood of a person developing goes up. About four percent of people over the age of 80 years old develop Parkinson’s disease. The percentage of people who have Parkinson’s that are younger than 40 years old, is less than 10 percent. It is more

Parkinson disease (PD), also referred to as Parkinson’s disease and paralysis agitans, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the third most common neurologic disorder of older adults. It is a debilitating disease affecting motor ability and is characterized by four cardinal symptoms: tremor rigidity, bradykinesia or kinesis (slow movement/no movement), and postural instability. Most people have primary, or idiopathic, disease. A few patients have secondary parkinsonian symptoms from conditions such as brain tumors and certain anti-psychotic drugs.

Parkinson’s disease is caused by the destruction of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the midbrain (Substantia nigra). These nerve cells are used to coordinate smooth and regular body movement. In the absence of these cells, people often experience tremors (involuntary shaking or

About seven million people worldwide, one million people in America, and about 60,000 new people every year are all affected by one disease (Parkinson’s Disease Foundation, Statistics). That disease is Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s takes away little things like movement that many of us take for granted. Lives are changed because of Parkinson’s, but there is hope. Through medical breakthroughs discovered in recent years, my grandpa and many others suffering from Parkinson’s disease have a chance at a better life.

Parkinson’s is a disease that affects the nervous system, causing problems with movement of the body. There is an estimate that says that there is seven to ten million people in world living with this particular disease. The possibility of someone receiving Parkinson’s disease increases with age, according to the Parkinson’s Disease Foundation there is an estimate that four percent of people under the age of fifty are diagnosed with the disease (Parkinson’s Disease Foundation).

Parkinson’s involves the death or diminished neurons in the brain. The part of the brain infected the most with this particular disease is known as the substantia nigra. Some neurons, in this particular area of the brain, produce dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical that sends messages to the part of the brain where movement and coordination are controlled. When the neurons die and Parkinson’s disease progresses, the affected person’s movement move farther and farther from normality. Eventually, a person experiencing Parkinson’s disease can come to a point of not having any control of their movements. Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease is a highly pathological disease dated back for thousands of years. It is the most common movement disorder in our current society and the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Parkinson’s disease was first studied by James Parkinson in 1817, which resulted in the identification of the common symptoms of the disease. (Parkinson’s Disease Information, 2014) This disease is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle control. This loss of muscle control leads to other complications such as trembling of the limbs and head when at rest. (Board, 2013)

Did you know that an estimated 7 to 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson's disease? Parkinson’s disease is a chronic and progressive movement disorder, meaning that symptoms continue and worsen over time. Nearly over one million people in the US are living with Parkinson's disease for possibly the rest of their lives. The cause is unknown, and although there is presently no cure at all , there are treatment options such as multiple medications and a variety of surgeries to manage its symptoms. Although, doctors and scientists are on the brink of a medical breakthrough with all the discovers that have been made.

Definition: “Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive disease of the nervous system characterized by the cardinal features of rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability” (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007). The condition can develop between age group 60 and 80 years and symptoms mostly appear around 60 years of age (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007).

Charcot examined a large group of patients within Salpetriere Hospital in Paris, he had developed a way to observe tremors in action and at rest. “He noted that the patients with action tremor had accompanying features of weakness, spasticity, and visual disturbance. In contrast, those with rest tremor differed in having rigidity, slowed movements, a typical hunched posture, and very soft spoken.” (Goetz 2011) Charcot early tremor studies helped to establish Parkinson’s Disease through his very high publicized findings that neurological entity could be confidently be diagnosed. In 1957 a Swedish scientist Arvid Carlsson found out that dopamine in the brain region that is important for movement control. He showed that the levels of dopamine can be reduced in animals to cause symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease and also by giving the animals levodopa (L-dopa) to reverse the symptoms of PD. PD is second most common neurodegenerative after Alzheimer’s Disease and the most common movement disorder. Over 60,000 people here in the United States are diagnosed every year but they say the numbers can be much higher with undiagnosed people out there but over one million people live with Parkinson daily.10 million people worldwide live with Parkinson’s Disease and April 11th is World Parkinson’s Day. On April 11th, 2017 marked 200 years since James Parkinson publicized his essay.

How a doctor would explain Parkinson's Disease is a disorder of your nervous system that affects the way you move. Another way to describe it would be that it is a disease when you shake uncontrollably and you have bad posture (you can’t stand up strait). Parkinson’s Disease occurs when nerve cells in the part of the brain that controls your movement start to die off/decrease. The symptoms of this disease

Parkinson’s disease has been known about since ancient times. In AD 175, the physician Galen described it as “shaking palsy” in Western medical literature. It wasn’t until 1817 that a London doctor, named James Parkinson, wrote a detailed medical essay on this disease. This essay established Parkinson’s disease as a recognized medical condition. He based the essay off of six cases he had observed previously and hoped that it would encourage others to study the disease. No such research was performed until finally, sixty years after Parkinson’s essay was published, a French neurologist named Jean Charcot studied the disease and was the first to truly recognize the importance of Parkinson’s work. As a result, he named the disease after him. Much has been learned about the disease since then; however, much of it still remains a mystery. Researchers have learned that the symptoms for this disease are progressive, degenerative, and tend to occur more in older individuals. It has been found that a dopamine deficiency of the brain is the root of the matter; although, why this initially occurs is less clear. The Parkinson’s Disease Foundation was created in 1957 to assist those who are suffering and promote and fund further research. Since the 1960’s research has only progressed more and more rapidly. Even though there still is no known cure, the symptoms can now be effectively controlled and reduced in severity. Moreover, many other foundations assisting the cause have been

on Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Link with Neurodegeneration. US National Library of Medicine Nation Institutes of Health. 2015. Doi:10.1155/2015/194629. Accessed 28 October 2016.

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by physical and psychological disabilities. This disorder was named after James Parkinson, an English physician who first described it as shaking palsy in 1817 (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). Jean- Martin Charcot, who was a French neurologist, then progressed and further refined the description of the disease and identified other clinical features of PD (Goetz, Factr, and Weiner, 2002). PD involves the loss of cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in a part of the brain stem called the substansia nigra, which results in several signs and symptoms (Byrd, Marks, and Starr, 2000). It is manifested clinically by tremor,

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, it recognised as a progressive disease because it progresses and worsens over time and during the disease there is a loss of neurons therefore it is identified as neurodegenerative. In Parkinson's disease there is a loss of particular neurons called dopamine neurons, dopamine neurons are able to produce a signalling chemical, dopamine. This chemical is important for allowing the body to make normal movements, primarily dopamine neurons are found in the substantia nigra area of the brain, it is located in the mid brain above the spinal cord; when these neurons are lost there is a reduction in the amount of dopamine in the brain.