A Brief Note On The Chinese Government : The Vietnamese Government

In 2014, this region had approximately 1.4 million new cases of HIV while 790,000 died of the infection. The Asian-Pacific area has less number of victims with HIV/AIDS (five million in 2014). The new infections that year were 340,000 with China, Indonesia, and India claiming 78% of the new infections in the region. The number of deaths caused by HIV was 240,000 which is an increase by 11% since the year 2000. The reason for the increase is lack of access to antiretroviral therapy. There is better news in Latin America: 1.7 million people are living with HIV. In 2014, there were 87,000 new infections and 41,000 deaths in that region. Western and Central Europe and North America region had 2.4 million HIV victims with an estimated 85,000 new diagnoses. The number of deaths was 26,000. Eastern Europe claimed 1.5 million victims, 140,000 newly diagnosed, and 62,000 deaths due to HIV related causes. The Caribbean region had 280,000 victims in 2014. Thirteen thousand were newly diagnosed and the region lost 8800 victims. In the same year, the Middle East and North Africa region had 240,000 people living with HIV, 22000 new infections, and 12,000 deaths (Joint United Nations Programmed on HIV and AIDS,

HIV can and will infect anyone who comes into contact with it. There are 1.1 million people in the United States that are infected with HIV but that number is small when looking at it as a global pandemic. Globally, the World Health Organization estimates that there are 35 million living with HIV (who.int). Greater than 2/3 of people infected with HIV live in the Sub-Saharan Africa region (amfar.org). The people in this particular region do not have access to healthcare, clean water or HIV prevention methods such as condoms. Statistics also reveal that black men and women are more at risk for becoming infected with HIV due to poor economic status and under

Currently in South Africa there are 5.26 million people living with HIV. This means that 10% of the South African population is directly affected by the virus and requires us to ensure clear guidelines are in place for the management of HIV (Statistics South Africa, 2013).

HIV/AIDS is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of death in many parts of Africa. Although Africa is home to about approximately 15 percent of the world's population, the same region is the world's epicenter of HIV/AIDS. The numbers are overwhelming as adult HIV occurrence is 1.2 percent around the world but it is approximately 9.0 percent in sub-Saharan Africa. UNAIDS (The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS) estimated that at the end of the year 2001, there were 39.8 million people living with HIV/AIDS, 28.5 million of them from sub-Saharan African alone. Another 4.9 million adults and children were newly infected with HIV/AIDS in the year 2001, 3.5 million of them from sub-Saharan Africa. An estimated 3 million people died from AIDS-related causes in 2001 and of these deaths, 2.2 million were among sub-Saharan Africans. Sub-Saharan Africa alone accounts for an assessed 71.3 percent of all individuals living with HIV/AIDS and approximately 70 percent of all total AIDS deaths in the year 2011 alone (AVERT).

Throughout the history of time, there have been diseases that have altered the environment of communities, societies, and the world. Some of these diseases were more catastrophic than others, however all are important to understanding how to prevent and prevail over these illnesses. One of the most preeminent diseases of our world today is the epidemic of AIDS. As a consistent killer throughout the world, AIDS has become an immediate concern to agencies and governments worldwide. In response, there are numerous international organizations that have been established to learn more about preventing, tracking, and treating the disease. Through extensive research and analysis, AIDS researchers are making gradual breakthroughs to benefit

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has become an epidemic for many underdeveloped regions. Although it does exist in the developed nations, it is more prevalent in places like South America, Asia, the island countries and most heavily of all Africa. There are many aspects to the problem of AIDS in Africa.

In 2010, 34 million people in developing countries had HIV. The country with the most people affected with HIV is Sub-Saharan Africa. In Sub-Saharan Africa 60 percent of the people that live with HIV are women. Transmission rates are growing in females between the ages of 15-24. Women in Sub-Saharan Africa don’t have much knowledge about the transmission of HIV.

Since its outbreak the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which goes on to develop in to Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been reported in over 119 countries with 78 million people being infected resulting in over 39 million deaths. As of 2013 an estimated 0.8% of the world’s population aged 15-49 are living with HIV, this varies dramatically for individual countries with it rising to 71% in sub-Saharan Africa [ ]. This has lead to a dramatic decrease in life expectancy as shown in figure 1[ ]; this intern reduces the working population causing economical impacts. Recent recovery in life expectancy is due as a result in our increased understanding of how HIV replicates, allowing for the development of drugs that interrupts its

Therefore, the question of interest in this paper is why are the rates of HIV-AIDS suddenly increasing in Uganda? According to the 2011 AIDS Indicator survey, the HIV-AIDS prevalence rates now stand at 7.3% from the previous 6.4%. The number of people living with HIV-AIDS and its related diseases is currently 1.6 million from 1.2 million. (Uganda HIV and AIDS Country Progress report, 2013).

“Worldwide, 34 million people are HIV positive, 23.8 million or 69 % of these people suffering from this disease live in Africa” (World Health Organization).

HIV/AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating disease, the scope and depth having no boundaries, permeating into many areas of the world, oblivious to social class, lifestyle, or culture. Initially reported in 1981, HIV/ AIDS rapidly spread and by 1987, 100 countries conveyed the presence of HIV/AIDS. (Maurer & Smith, 2009). “By 2001, it was the leading infectious cause of death in the world, killing almost 3 million people, and by 2002, approximately 5 million people were infected with HIV, including 2 million women and 800,000 children younger than 15 years of age” (Maurer & Smith, 2009, p. 121).

One major factor in the fight against HIV and AIDS is identifying the communities most at risk for facing a localized epidemic. As stated above, fighting an epidemic requires communities to have access to the proper preventative measures, education, and healthcare. For these reasons the disease is particularly prevalent in communities stricken with poverty, of low education, and high exposure to drugs. As of 2004, 90% of all 36.1 million known AIDS cases were reported in developing countries. For people living in these countries, protection against HIV is much more difficult due to lack of available contraceptives, little access to education, and poor healthcare. When a person infected with HIV cannot access medical treatment their infection quickly progresses into AIDS and depending on environmental factors very quickly leads to death. With this in mind, the fight against AIDS cannot be focused in just one region. Oftentimes more focus is placed on disease prevention in more developed first-world countries, but that tactic ignores a much greater problem and the unique struggles of treating epidemics in third-world nations.

Worldwide, at the end of 2012 32.2 to 38.8 million 2people were living with HIV/AIDS and 1.6 million people have died of AIDS related diseases. 0.8% adults worldwide between the ages of 15 to 49 years are estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS but burden of the disease varies between regions and countries with sub-Saharan Africa being the most affected where 1 in every 20 adults live with the condition and accounts for 71% of the people worldwide living with HIV (WHO, 2014c).

An annual report recently released by the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS indicated that the number of HIV-infected individuals increased 10 percent in the last year, bringing the number of people worldwide who are now carrying the virus to over 33 million. According to the report, half of these new infections were in people15 to 24 years old, and there were 11 new infections a minute. Sub-Saharan Africa reportedly accounts for two thirds of the infected population and about 12 million AIDS related deaths. There were 200,000 new HIV infections in Latin American and the Caribbean last year and 800,000 new HIV infections reported in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.

By June 2016, 18.2 million people living with HIV were accessing antiretroviral therapy, up from 15.8 million in June 2015(Ref). In East and Southern Africa, 10.3 million PLHIV were accessing ART which accounts for 54% of PLHIV in the region (UNAIDS, 2016d).