A Brief Note On The Major Cause Of Accident Aviation Industry

As a collaborative case study, we analyzed the American Airlines Flight 1420 accident using the SHELL Model. The SHEL Model was developed by a Professor Elwyn Edwards in 1972 and it was later modified to the SHELL Model by a human factors consultant named Frank Hawkins. We can see all the human factors that were involved in the accident utilizing following aspects software, hardware, environment, liveware and liveware. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) conducted a thorough investigation and determine that the American Airlines Flight 1420 was a runway overrun accident caused by human factors.

Accident investigation and analysis will be assessed in the project as it relates to safety in order to highlight the strategies applied by the airlines in determining the causes of incidents and preventing them in the future.

This report explains issues regarding pilots’ health, their effects on flying safely, and measures to avoid catastrophes and jeopardising the life of the pilot, their crew and the passengers.

The unsafe acts of all pilots can be directly linked to nearly 80% of all aviation accidents (Shappell, 2000). The military uses a modernized model Reason’s

Modern aircrafts are highly automated, and thus mishaps due to equipment failures or system malfunctions are rare in comparison to mishaps attributed to impaired human performance (Avers and Johnson, 2011). One of the most frequently cited of these performance impairments is Pilots’ fatigue (Vejvoda et al., 2014), which has been recognized as a one of the foremost concerns of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) for over four decades (Federal Aviation Administration, 2012). After years of recognizing the physical and cognitive decrements associated with fatigue, as well as numerous improvements in available countermeasures, fatigue remains one of the primary contributing factors implicated in around 20% of aviation incidents (Petrie et al., 2004). Brown defines fatigue as the decreased

Airline is the largest and fastest growing travel industry. As the result of its expansion, statistically, airplane accident/incidents must increases as well but automation and increased “pilot proof” systems onboard keep it at a minimal level. Nowadays most of the plane crashes are due to “systems failure” so pilots are not/given as little credit for their heroic action on saving people’s life in the event of an emergency. As on January 15, 2009 when Captain Sullenberger ditched his Airbus A320 which lost both of its engine power in the Hudson river public thought of him and his crew as heroes, but insiders believed that he could not have done that without the capabilities of the Airbus A320’s fly by wire systems. In Fly by Wire: the geese,

In order to prevent future failures, NASA must acknowledge the level of difficulty in addressing particular issues. One of the issues concerning the least preventable factors is the craft issue regarding NASA officials’ individual judgments and their influence on decision-making. In this situation, judgments and decisions were made to ignore the agency’s advisors’ warnings about a threat to safety (Hill & Lynn, 2009, p. 56). Some might say that passing bad judgment is avoidable. However, predicting and preventing officials from making incorrect judgments and decisions is difficult. The first reason being the subjectivity surrounding the individual official’s decision making as it depends on their “skills, intuitions, inclination and values”

On this case study, it will be discussed two flights that from United Airlines Flight 173 and Flight 232. On both occasions, we can see the CRM skills taken by the flight crew managing an aircraft emergency landing and it will be taken the consideration the proper action and improper coordination taken by the captain. According to the Skybrary (2017) ” Crew Resource Management - is the effective use of all available resources for flight crew personnel to assure a safe and efficient operation, reducing error, avoiding stress and increasing efficiency.”(para.1) This training was developed NASA in 1979, which its main focus was to improve aviation safety through communication, problem solving, decision making, teamwork,

Plane crashes occur for a number of reasons. There seems to be a consensus with the general public that flying is dangerous, engines fail and planes crash. That is true some times, although the majority of plane crashes occur largely due to a combination of human error and mechanical failure. In much of aviations accidents mechanical failure has been a contributing factor. It is impossible however to blame plane crashes on one reason since events leading up to an accident are so varied. Reasoning for plane crashes can be placed in a broad number of categories.

In the aviation sector, incident analyses as well as interview data show that pilots and air traffic controllers (ATC) at times fail to accomplish intentions (Byrne, 2003; Dismukes & Nowinski, 2006; Nowinski, Holbrook & Dismukes, 2003; Shappell & Wiegmann, 2005; and Shorrock, 2005). For example, some recent reports have shown how two pilots flew around 100 miles beyond their intended destination since they were unable to recall interrupting other continuing activity in their memory to start aircraft descent. In this literature review, it will analyze whether a single root cause of memory failure can be ascertained in pilot/ATC performance errors and to which degree it would be recognized. Five literature reviews which attempt to answer this question will be reviewed and shown how (if) they (can) support the hypothesis.

The purpose with this research paper is to identify and understand the risks and hazards behind fatigue and stress that each flight attendant has experienced or still experiencing, due to lack of human factor improvements concerning, working schedule, time zone difference, pressure and stress due to fatigue. Nearly everyone in any work position can face fatigue at come point. Depending on the type of work and how much responsibility the employer has in the aviation industry, the stress level increases followed by the fatigue. Stress is defined as pressure that affects a person both physically and emotionally. The human body raises a challenge and preparing to face tough situations with focus and strength. The stress level is different from body to body and it also varies from time to time. However; fatigue is the description to lack of motivation and energy both physically and mentally, which causes a decrease in performance and alertness. Flight attendants job is one of many jobs in the aviation industry where it is very usual to experience stress as well as fatigue, that can reduce the ability of awareness of risks and hazards that may occur, later lead to major accidents or incidents. Crew resource management should be practiced by all personnel regularly and applied to improve safety, especially in such industry where many humans lives are involved daily. Aside from crew resource management, control is very important and should be applied as a human factor

The science of human factors in aviation has a come along way since the days of the Wright brothers in 1913 but it did not actually start with them. According to Dr. Bill Johnson, Chief Scientist at the Federal Aviation Administration, human factors “dates back to the 1600s when Leonardo da Vinci drew the Vitruvian Man, with all the anthropometric measures, [when] he was trying to decide if a human was strong enough to propel an aircraft” (FAA, 2012). Long after the work of da Vinci, human factors has brought advancements to aircraft design while creating a greater understanding of the human role in mishaps.

The purpose of this report is to outline 3 significant changes made to the aviation industry due to unplanned events that have occurred in the last 20 years. 3 factors/events that have influenced changes in the commercial aviation industry will be thoroughly investigated.

Although automation has steadily increased it’s impact on the modern cockpit in recent years, human factors still play a vital role in ensuring

According to Rodrigues and Cusick (2012) humans are accountable for approximately 70-80% of aviation accidents (p.156). A majority of these are caused by the different variables associated with human performance. Psychological factors have a key role in a pilot’s everyday responsibility. Some of these traits include: perception, memory, attitude, judgment and decision making, as well as ego (Rodrigues & Cusick, 2012, p. 158-160). These qualities can have drastic effects in commercial aviation if they are not recognized and adjusted accordingly. In this paper I will respond to some questions that are raised in aviation safety: