In 1970’s a person home will be engulfed in flames in 17 minutes, today, three minutes, what changed? In the 1970’s homes were almost made to prevent the spread of fire. The National Fire Protection Association or NFPA were making stronger codes and stricter standers for homes. Today they are still in effect, but a fire in today’s home can spread five times quicker. The reason why today’s home catches on fire quicker is how the house is made of, the house layout, the furniture in the home, and how to prevent such a fire.
In 1970’s homes were not made with engineered lumber. Engineered lumber is made from wood, chips, sawdust and glue. The lumber is used in 65% of construction. Plywood is the biggest couplet for engineered lumber. The European Science and Research Institute did a test to see what plywood burns faster. They tested many different types of wood that was plywood; however what burned the most was the modified plywood. Even the pine plywood that was runner up was not even close to how fast the modified plywood was burning. During the 70s the plywood people used was the local wood around them. For example cypress plywood is used mainly in Florida and Hemlock was mainly used in and around Tennessee. While today most homes are made of this designed wood that can burn faster. What’s even a bigger problem is that firefighters don’t want to go into a modern home because of wooden I-beam joints. I-beam joints hold the floor together and if it fails the floor collapses.
Factors that contributed the spread of the fire was the shed of the barn included two tons of coal for winter and large supply of kindling wood and the barn’s loft held over three tons of hay. If it’s hot, dry, and humid, don’t put things that cause fire in places that are made out of things that can spread fire. Coal and wood not a good combination. If there is fire and hay together it’s going to cause trouble. Could the disaster have been prevented?
This provides insight into how frequently fires occurred, and furthermore provides information as to how they happened, as in the 18th century, due to the lack of cleanliness would result in buildup of old grease and arbitrary sparks in combination to this could cause enormous fires. This means that fires could easily be caused by what some may refer to as accidental incidents, variables for these types of situations are often those that are not under one's
The Great Chicago Fire On a late night in October of 1871, the people of Chicago experienced a tragic and destructive event that would change their city forever. The Great Chicago fire tore through the city and destroyed everything it touched. Though it looked like their lives were crumbling in front of them, this event allowed rebuilding of Chicago which would turn it into a city far more advanced than the one that stood before. Many advancements, including the “Loop” financial district, safer buildings, and an overall heightened sense of morale owe their creation to this event. The Chicago Fire of 1871, while it was a traumatic event for the city itself, allowed the community to positively rebuild and transform it into the “City of the
The Chicago fire was a huge part of our history. We can never forget about the Chicago fire because it changed how some people lived. The Chicago fire affected people in many ways. Many people had an idea about how the fire started, where it started and who caused it. It took years to rebuild what had been destroyed, the effect of the chicago fire was remarkable.
The fire service has long-standing traditions dating back to the 18th Century, whether it is the color red on fire apparatus or the shape of their helmets. Some traditions are important in the American fire service while others traditions are dangerous or unneeded practices but still, exist for a variety of reasons. One of the biggest challenges to making changes requires the changing of the culture within the fire service.
On August 21, 1910, at four pm, a massive wild fire broke out. This Great Fire of 1910, also known as the Big Blowup, spread from Wallace, Idaho to western Montana and into a small amount of Washington. The Great Fire of 1910 lasted for two days and spread because of hurricane winds that shot trees up like flying torpedos ( Quinn ). The cause of the fire was from leftover timber that was heated up from the sparks of the railroad nearby. The timber was from campers, loggers, and homesteaders. The wild fire destroyed over three million acres of forest. Also, 1910 was the driest year and Idaho didn’t get rain since May ( Jamison ). One of the lead firefighters saved all but six of his men while finding safety in an
This can be said due to how the fire sparked the government to establish changes in laws and add safety codes to help the working middle class and refrain from any further fires and deaths. However, when looking back at the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire in American history it can be stated that this incident was not the first to impact the people of America. There was a different incident that once again included a fire that had come seven years before that had caused about 1,000 people to die, however, in that event it did not take place in an actual building. This incident actually, had taken place in the “General Slocum” excursion boat. These incidents were not per say the best things to happen to America because it did take many lives, however, there were good things that came out due to these events, yet tragically costing many innocent lives to be lost. These good things being, the bringing of health codes, fire codes, and safety codes that would help the middle working class in their workplace by providing them better workplace ethics and regulations that instead of taking more innocent lives would cut the amount of lives lost due to poor work regulations that would lead to negative
The Great Chicago Fire, October 1871, October 10 of 1871 destroyed thousands of buildings, killed 300 people burned till october 10th 1871, and caused an estimated of $200 million in damages. The fire started at night in a barn owned by Patrick O’Leary and his wife Catherine . Legend says that a cow kicked a lit lantern which that started the fire. The fire burn through 9th of October speeding at 160 kilometers an hour. The fire destroyed 3.3 square miles of Chicago it burned for two days. It left than 100,000 homeless, it killed hundreds of people because of the fire. The fire was on the 8th of October 1871, the fire was going to fast and the fire killed to many people like hundred of people and destroyed thousands of buildings that costs
The Great Chicago fire lasted almost three before they got it under control.The rumors that had been circulated was the Miss O'Reilly's cow had knocked off a oil lamp and.It set the barn on fire during a strong wind storm this caused the fire the surrounding areas to set fire to everything in its path.There were buildings that were in the fire zone that did survive. A secret of how the fire spread quicker is that they say that there was three other fires started.And before that family's gather everything they could and cows horses even rats were running fast and trying. To beat the fire some people weren't lucky in the great panic people were pushing and shoving so people ended up died because they didn't get up in time.they say that it was
In October 8, 1871,Chicago,Illinois was a city ready to burn by the nightmare of wood.
The change to engineered lumber also means less wood to burn resulting structure collapse much sooner, risking the lives of unaware firefighters. In addition to building techniques, improved technologies have also given rise to many engineered materials that replace traditional materials found in home furnishings such as cotton and wool. Today, homes are constructed and filled with furnishings that have a petroleum base such as plastics and polycarbonates. These engineered materials burn many times hotter and faster than traditional building materials or what is considered legacy furnishings. In an experiment conducted at the NIST laboratory, two same size rooms, filled with matching furnishings. One room was filled with modern home furnishings while the second room was filled with furnishings made of cotton, wool, and solid lumber. Both rooms were ignited simultaneously, the modern room burned rapidly and flashed over in approximately eight minutes whereas the legacy room took twenty minutes to reach flashover. When we consider the length of time to call 911, take the call, dispatch units, drive to the scene, tag a hydrant and pull a line most likely takes longer than eight minutes, the timing until flashover is critical for victims and firefighters. Additionally, there is a significant difference in temperatures generated between the modern and legacy rooms. The legacy room high temperature reached approximately four hundred degrees before
The fire rating for 1970’s comparted to present time was a critical factor in fire protection that impacted the structural integrity of the building at the time of impact. The lack of fireproofing inside the towers had a big impact on the fire-rating of the building. There were 4 types of fire-proofing used during the construction phase of the World Trade Center. Some were used from the ground up until the 37th-38th floor on the North Tower. Some were missed with fireproofing on the trusses that should have been applied. Other things such as ductwork, conduits, and piping were installed before fireproofing was applied. So many things were missed during the fireproofing stage because of the code enforcements weren’t in place at the time of the
Fire district 13 is located in the forested valleys and steep foothills of the Cascade Mountain Range at the base of Mount St. Helens. Access to our district, primarily reached by one main county road, is limited. With automatic mutual aid to neighboring districts with, major rail, and freeway- interoperability is key. Located above the Cascadia Subduction zone, Clark County is due for a catastrophic earthquake. The area that includes fire district 13 is a transitional zone between unoccupied forest land and human development. Being a part of the wildland urban interface zone puts us at a higher risk for wildfires.
I truly enjoyed reading the material for this week 's discussion. I found it fascinating to read how these people of passion were so revered as leaders. Something I found difficult while reading the stories of these various leaders was the details of what they did within their respective industries that made them successful. Although I recognize the importance of the details, I found myself continually fanaticizing about how the many different approaches would directly translate to the fire service. Because of the uniqueness of the fire service as an industry, I found it easier to relate to themes and concepts rather than the details. 'Strengths Based Leadership ' by Tom Rath and Barry Conchie For example Simon Cooper stated: "people create memories, not things. If we ask guests what color the carpet was in their guest room, they probably won 't know. The real value comes from the ladies and gentlemen (employees) who bring that hotel to life. Ten percent is the platform, but the rest is people. (Rath & Conchie, 2008, p. 43) As I read this I couldn 't help but think of the fact that our customers in the emergency response world (fire service) likely remember more about how we treat them than what uniform we wear or what kind of apparatus we arrive in, so long as we bring true caring and compassion to their bedside. In addition Cooper 's people over platform approach was obvious in this Rath & Conchie description: "then when he talked of the night-and-day difference that a
The greatest threat facing the Modern Fire Service is the rate at which firefighters are dying in the line of duty. Excluding the terrible event of 9/11 that occurred in 2001 that forever changed the dynamics of the emergency response services1, firefighter deaths have averaged around 100 fatalities each year for the since 1990. This unacceptable rate of firefighter deaths has found its way to be a benchmark in the industry. The problem is that the benchmark should be zero firefighter deaths while on duty and every year that there is a fatality is a year that the fire service has failed its members. The number one cause of firefighter related deaths yearly is proven to be medical, stress, or overexertion related fatalities2. All of these causes of firefighter deaths can be avoided with implementation of training and awareness.