A Brief Note On The Pathway Of Vision

The human brain is capable of perceiving and interpreting information or stimuli received through the sense organs (i.e., eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin) (Weiten, 1998). This ability to perceive and interpret stimulus allows the human being to make meaningful sense of the world and environment around them. However, even as the human being is able to perceive and interpret stimuli information through all sense organs, stimuli is most often or primarily interpreted using the visual (eyes) and auditory (ears) sense organs (Anderson, 2009). However, for the purpose of this paper, the visual information process will be examined.

The system consists of the eyes where the information is collected, geniculate lateral nucleus and visual cortex. The visual cortex could be subdivided into the primary visual cortex and the striate cortex. This sensory system is located at the back of a brain parts of which are located in both hemispheres. Recent studies obtained a sufficient amount of information in order to construct the two-stream hypothesis, which describes the ventral and dorsal streams. The ventral stream begins at the primary visual cortex and goes to the inferior temporal cortex. Main functional responsibilities of this area include identification of objects and the emergence of the long-term memory the origins of which are placed in this area (Rauschecker, Josef P and Sophie K. Scott 722). Dorsal stream also begins at the primary visual cortex and ends at the posterior parietal cortex. It is mainly responsible for the body part control required in order to manipulate an object. The research shows that these "what" and "why" systems are not directly related, and the damage in one affect the other only to a certain extent. It could be explained by the fact that that input is transformed differently via action and

Vision and the act of looking is an important and recurring theme in many horror films. In early gothic literature, such as in Guy de Maupassant 's Le Horla, the author presents vision as definitive and universal proof and stresses the importance of seeing as well as the act of showing gore. As a society, we are routinely told ‘seeing is believing ' in the wake of any paranormal or supernatural phenomena, placing weight on the tangible. However, as science and technology have progressed the faithfulness of visual representation is increasingly throw into question, which in turn has led to societal anxiety. A few years earlier, video footage of an event rarely had its validity questions, whereas now it is easy

Explain the visual process, including the stimulus input, the structure of the eye, and the transduction of light energy.

4. You are shown a picture of an elephant. Explain how that stimulus is processed from the retina to the visual cortex of the brain.

You are shown a picture of an elephant. Explain how that stimulus is processed from the retina to the visual cortex of the brain.

This is the reflexive process which brings the outside world in. For example, if there is a piece of paper with a pattern on it, which included a dotted pattern and dashed lines in the form of an oval. In this step, you see things for exactly what they are without interpretation, they are just dots and segmented lines. There is no preconceived notion of what this means. With our blind spot, in the bottom up processing, there is also an area that is missing. So, there seems to be a piece missing from our picture “puzzle” we are receiving from the light

Question 6 1 out of 1 points Correct bottom-up processing is processing of visual information that involves expectations and beliefs. Answer Correct Answer: False

Fig. __ Feed-forward projections from the eyes to the brain and topographic mapping. In each eye the visual field on the left and right of the fovea (the cut goes right through the fovea!) projects to different cortical hemispheres: the ipsilateral retina projects to the ipsilateral visual cortex, and the contralateral retina crosses the contralateral cortex (hemifield crossing in the optic chiasma). The first synapse of the retinal ganglion cells is in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), but information from the left (L) and right (R) eye remains strictly separated. The LGN consists of six layers, layers 1 and 2 are primarily occupied by the magnocellular pathway, and 3–6 by the parvocellular. Information from both eyes comes first together

c. One study showed a 37% reduction of the brain’s activity in the parietal lobe that processes cognitive, memory, information regarding the driving task, sense of direction and “spatial sense” as well as the occipital lobe that processes the visual information (Aker, 2011).

The way a human eye and brain works together to produce visual data understandable to the

The Magnocellular pathway carries information from the M ganglion cells at rapid speed along the dorsal stream to the parietal lobe to help us understand motion, spatial relationships and contrast. The Parvocellular pathway carries information from the P ganglion cells at slower speed along the ventral stream to the temporal lobe to help us process fine details of such as color and form of an object. It is thought that the Parvocellular pathway is our primary source for recognition and identification, but there are speculations that its allocentric frame of reference can also be used in a more egocentric approach (i.e., the Parvocellular pathway is able to elicit an autonomic response like the Magnocellular pathway). This research expands on these theories by studying the role of color vision in autonomic attention responses. The experiment attempts to study the relationship between the Magnocellular pathway and Parvocellular pathway through color cues and its effects in capturing attention and control visual behavior (e.g., moving the eyes to locate the

The optic nerve reaches from behind the eyes to the occipital lobe where this visual information can finally be interpreted into what we know as ‘seeing something’. It is at this point that it is useful as this is when colours can be perceived (Breedlove, 2010).

Normal vision occurs by a coordinated synthesis of the retinal images into a single brain image. If, however, one of the eyes does not transmit a coordinated or useful image the brain may choose to ignore this image when conducting its synthesis. The region of the