A Brief Note On Water And Sanitation Project

In this day and age, it is very common for things to be handed over without a struggle. With this, many necessities are taken for granted. New York is notorious for its cheap and amazing water quality. The NYC drinking water supply system is currently the largest high-quality unfiltered water supply in the United States. Although most people around the world, but more specifically in NYC have clean and unlimited access to water, this was not always the case. It took many years and extremely hard work for New York to have the clean running water it has today.

Clean water and sanitation is the goal 6 of Sustainable Develop Goal, which is not only aimed to provide the clean water and sanitation for everyone, it is also for have high quality and sustainability of water resources. This goal targets to achieve the equitable and affordable of safe water for all by 2030, and also to complete the sanitation, provide better condition and end the open defecation, particularly pay attention to the needs of women and girls for better health. The goal 6 also includes to reduces the chemical polluted of the water, increasing recycling and safe using of water, ‘protect and restore the ecosystems, and increase using safely managed sanitation services’. Mostly, people thought they can take access to clean, safety

consume water in a modest way. We hear of campaigns in social media to save water

This report seeks to improve access to water and sanitation in developing countries in order to achieve better public health and save lives, also the role of local communities to improve water and sanitation. The standard of water and sanitation in developing countries is still a far cry from adequate. There are obstacles that delay the improvements of the topic mentioned above: limited amount of investment, lack of political will, and difficulty of maintaining the water and sanitation services.

In developing countries, still lacking access to clean water and hygienic sanitation that cause result in the suffering of million people from preventable diseases and die every year. About 58% people living in eastern Asia without access to improve sanitation and 30% don’t have access to clean water that causes result in 10 children (per thousand) have died in each year in this region. In south Asia, more than 60% people living without access to improve sanitation and 40% living without access to clean water and caused of annual death of 15 children per thousand. While South Eastern Asia this rate has been decreased, 45% people don’t have access to improve sanitation and 25% living without access to clean and safe water that causes of annual

Although this problem is recognized since long, it still lacks coherent efforts on part of international agencies, as confirmed by World Bank’s Water and Sanitation report (2005, p-viii). Article, very aptly tries to show its reader the plight of the people, suffering from this. However, comparison with similarly hit countries, especially Bangladesh

Chlorine has been purifying our drinking water for the last century. Chlorine has many uses; it is used as an amazing water disinfectant to rid water of harmful organisms, it sanitizes many surfaces, and it is used in the production of many products. Virtually all water borne diseases have been wiped out as a result of purification of drinking water - usually with chlorine. Life expectancy has increased fifty percent in the last century because people are able to drink clean, healthy water. Two hundred million people in America and Canada drink, shower and swim in chlorinated water everyday, and ninety-eight percent of drinking water treatment facilities use chlorination (Christman, 1998). Chlorine has benefited society in an

In source 1 we learned unsafe water and poor sanitation resulted in 1.6 million deaths in Nicaragua (2013), and about 2 percent of the Nicaraguan population die because of diarrhea (one of the leading causes of death for kids under 5 in Nicaragua.) More than 5400 rural water systems that collect from a surface water source has contaminated water, and many of these rural systems don’t have a filtration system. In 2011 Compatible Technology International and EOS International partnered to make a cheap, easy, and non-electric filtration system that attaches to the rural systems water tank which releases controlled doses of chlorine which kills harmful pathogens and bacterias.

The petitioner, Los Angeles County Flood Control District (District), controls a municipal separate store sewer system, also known as MS4, which was discharging polluted storm water into four rivers (Los Angeles River, San Gabriel River, Santa Clara River and Malibu Creek) that exceeded pollutant standards into navigable waters beginning 2002 or 2003. The MS4 is a system of conveyances that is designed to collect polluted storm water and discharge the water into navigable waters. It is not a combined sewer or a part of a sewage treatment plant. MS4 operates are required by the Clean Water Act (CWA) to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination system (NPDES) permit before discharging water. The respondents, Natural

Clean water supply is essential in establishing and maintaining a healthy community. There are two sources of water supply which are the surface water and ground water. Most natural waters are not suitable for consumption as it is contaminated by pathogens and also natural chemicals and minerals. In addition, as a city grew, wastes from human activities contaminate most of the water supplies. Water treatment plays an important role to properly treat a contaminated source of water supply in order to protect the health of consumers. Water treatment process is defined as a process of eliminating pollutants from untreated water to produce a biologically and chemically risk-free water, which is both potable and palatable for human consumption

In today’s world, the access to clean water is unspeakably easy. Technology has revolutionized what it means to get clean water that is safe to drink, shower in, and play in. The water that is consumed by humans comes from water treatment plants, making it perfectly safe. Many people don’t think about where their water comes from, or the process it has to go through in order for it to be consumable. However, many countries do not have access to clean drinking water. In other places, people have to clean their own water using the sun to kill bacteria. This process is called the SODIS process.

One of the biggest challenges facing the world today is the emphasis on providing clean water to everyone throughout the world. This is a fairly easy task in wealthier countries with strong central governments which establish regulations on how waterways are maintained and treated, however in developing countries like India the task is insurmountable. With India’s population soon to surpass China “by 2022”, there is a huge concern in the lack of clean drinking water for many of their citizens (Riley, 2015). If India’s population is going to continue to rise at the rates it is experiencing today, the government must create more initiatives to alter the poor hygiene practices by its citizens, to ensure everyone has access to clean drinking water.

The Global Water Institute stated that “approximately 700 million people in 43 countries are currently suffering from water stress and scarcity in 2013”, by 2025 2.8 billion people will face water stress and scarcity (Hameeteman, 2013, p.3). The global water supply is approximately 2.5% freshwater and 97.5% is saltwater (Hameeteman, 2013, p.4). Hence, it is crucial that the Earth’s population tries to manage the water stress and scarcity. There are many causes of water stress and scarcity, for instance: overuse of water due to economic reasons, pollution of water, drought, governmental access and policies, and many more. In Africa, many children and women are responsible in collecting water, thus, traveling large distances to collect clean or unclean water. In addition, sanitation facilities are inadequate causing “half the population” to suffer from waterborne diseases (Hameeteman, 2013, p.6). As a result, unclean water and poor sanitation are a leading cause of illness and death in this region. There are a few approaches to providing clean water to the African population, for example: piped water, stand posts and wells. Moreover, poor sanitation can be alleviated with pit latrines, urine diversion dry toilets and pour flush toilets (Septien, 2015). However, such methods can be expensive. Hence, it is important to understand the household’s income and the economic situation of the country. Contrary, different strategies are needed to provide clean water in the developed

As it has been earlier pointed out, majority of people lives in slums. This situation poses a challenge of attaining Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of halving by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation.

This critical analysis is done on journal study titled “Microcredit in Rural Bangladesh: Is It Reaching the Poorest?” which was published by the Journal of ESR. The analysis was performed with the aim of understanding the why the microcredit programs reached rarely to poorest of the poor in rural Bangladesh. They found five reason behind this: supply, demand, NGDO’s norms and social issues, sustainable financial services and voluntary and non-voluntary dropouts. This paper also argues that microcredit is the not best way to help the poorest of the poor. This paper used two kind of primary data of source, firstly they conducted study in 1999 by World Bank as a part of study titled “Voices of the Poor”. It was organized in 8 rural and 2 urban cities of Bangladesh. (Nabi et. al., 1999) and the second study done in 2 rural and 5 urban cities of Bangladesh from the 1999 to 2000 and the title was “Listening to the Poor”. They utilized different method for finding result of not reaching microcredit facilities to poorest of the poor. This article was published in 2004 and mainly focus on financial capital to likely stimulate growth of poor in rural Bangladesh. And the author of Dr. Dipankar Datta is an advisor of concern worldwide. (Datta, D. 2004)