A Brief Note On Women And Informal Sector

It has been experienced from time immemorial that there has always lain a very big and noticeable gap in the roles that both women and men play in the everyday societal developments. The issue according to most of the renowned researches is more elusive to the women as they are the ones that are mostly faced by the double standards in the society and this could include very harsh challenges as far as economic and financial status is concerned. Some of the roles of women in the society and more typically, in the house-hold, were very much considered inferior as compared to that of the men who in addition, were given an upper hand

This paper will refer to both domestic labor and women’s labor in similar respects, but the two are not necessarily interchangeable. The use of the phrase “domestic labor” refers to work done within the home, particularly childcare, elderly care, and the upkeep of the household. The term “women’s work” or “women’s labor” encompasses domestic labor, but not all women’s labor is necessarily domestic. In her chapter “Industrialization, Wage Labor, and the Economic Gender Gap”, Estelle Freedman describes historically feminized fields of work that include other types of labor, such as industrial work in textile mills, retail, clerical, and teaching jobs. When referring to sex work, Laura Agustin uses the term in “Migrants in the Mistress’s House” to encompass everything from prostitution, sexual services in bars, clubs, and flats, erotic phone sex, peep shows, massage parlors, and lap dancing (110). However, she often does not differentiate between sex work and domestic work “because migrants often move between these sectors or work in two at once, and because a separation into two groups reproduces a scheme of ‘good’ versus ‘bad’ girls” (97). For the sake of clarity, however, this paper will differentiate between “traditional” women’s labor

Because of the relatively higher value placed on male education, young women are often encouraged by their families to leave school and migrate to urban areas or Export Processing Zones (EPZ) to work in the garment industry. As outsiders in a new community, these young women lack the legal or family support they might receive in their own community and therefore, have to spend a larger amount of income on supporting themselves. Consequently, these young women who are no longer receiving an education often find it hard to earn enough money to send back to their family.[21]

In a rapidly changing world of industrial and technological development, men do jobs at workplace to earn a living for their families and this culture has become a part of our society today. Most of the women have been restricted to household work, they were not given an education and not only were they not qualified for jobs, but the ‘family’ did not allow them to go out and work.

In regards to employment, women today can do paid work, but their work is usually menial, badly paid and lacking in status (Krieken et al, 2000). Kate Millet (1970) saw women as a reserve labour force who are made use of when they are needed (for example in war time) but are discarded when not required (Krieken et al,

Certainly, the gender is fundamental cause of health disparities among the Indian workers regarding to their working in a conservative country that doesn’t allow for women to do the male jobs. Furthermore, the common is to leave the men their countries to work outside, and the mothers will stay at home regarding their ability in taking care of their

In today’s society, money is one of the most important sources of livelihood; therefore, it is surprising to know that some women are paid less than men for doing the same job. One of the reasons that there is a wage gap is often linked to traditions and stereotypes. Some of the stereotypes include: women experience difficulty balancing work and family life, they are not vigorous, they are too emotional, and that they should not hold positions of power. Because of these misconceptions and stereotypes women are often expected to lessen working hours, or stop working altogether to look after their family.

Education is directly linked to the professional career of a person. In Lating America, today, and more specifically in cities, women are studying longer and therefore have access to a better-valued profession. In 2005 women accounted for 39.3% of the workforce. However, the area where concentrated the female work force is that of domestic work. Since the 1970s, many women come from the countryside to find jobs. Uneducated or even illiterate, they have no choice but to make this work there. This activity is frowned upon and their bosses mostly exploit women.

The third part of Immigrant Woman explained in detail about the working experiences of the immigrant woman. The immigrant woman took different depending on the different demographic places they live. The woman who lived closer to the urban regions took jobs in the factories while the woman who lived closer to rural area took jobs in the farms. Many of the woman took the jobs in order to support their families. As an example,“Married women took jobs because their husbands were sick, injured, unemployed, or no good… drinks and spends his own money. Most often, they did do because their husbands’ earnings were inadequate” (Seller 85). The married woman had to work even harder, because they had to take care of their sick husband alongside figuring

As some women in first world countries go out of the home to work, women from lower classes immigrant women from the third world perform the functions of childcare, ‘homemaking’, domestic tasks etc. these women who constitute the transnational labor of care have bad working conditions, few rights and opportunities or work satisfaction. As some upper class women break the glass ceiling, other women enter the market to perform the transnational labor of care, at low wages and bad conditions, without these women to perform the domestic tasks, to perform this transnational labor of care( example of Filipino migrant maids), other privileged women would not be able to leave the home to work and take up white collar occupations. Thus some women

With the dawn of Industrialization many jobs were beginning to emerge for poor locals and immigrants alike. Many people flooded cities to get job opportunities that had come about, but many women and men did not know what they were getting roped up in. Many women worked in factories which boosted industrialization at the beginning of the century. They were soon involved in sweatshops where they worked in tenement rooms with very horrible conditions and very low pay. These sweatshops came around because bosses sweated the workers by making them work longer hours for less pay. Women would usually work around fifty-six to fifty-nine hours per week and sometimes into the weekend with no

Women get saddled with the farm work as well as their domestic chores when men leave their villages for better-paid jobs in cities or abroad. Usually women get expelled before male, when huge state en¬terprises rationalise their workforces. Women are the first to be recruited when sweatshops seek underpaid casual labour.

In many developing countries globalization has brought masses of wealth to the elite at the expense of the poor. Consequently, many women of the poorer classes leave their homeland in search of opportunities for employment. These women are disproportionately affected by

Moreover, women struggles in industry has posed new questions and renamed the meaning of morality in human beings. This represent an exploration for self determination against the capitalist and agencies with power control. For instance, Malay women have migrated to the state of 20th century homelessness in order to construct substitute homes and new identity of them stated in the book.

The modern world has resulted in earnings, wages and salaries for the women similar to that of men, but the women are continuously facing inequalities in the work force (Andal 2002). This can be attributed to the pre-established notion that women shall not be given access to finance or communication with the world outside of the home which is highly unethical and unfair (Eisenhower, 2002). In the past, they were considered as the underprivileged ones which were not thought of having equal rights but this fact has changed now. For instance, the status of women can be explicitly defined as the equality and the freedom of the women.