A Brief Report On Energy Conversion

“To investigate the electrical realm of high-frequency and high-voltage, Tesla invented an apparatus that pushed the limits of electrical understanding. None of the circuit's typical components were unknown at the time, but its design and operation together achieved unique results—not the least because of Tesla's masterful refinements in construction of key elements, most particularly of a special transformer, or coil, which is at the heart of the circuit's performance” (PBS). This new invention would be called the Tesla Coil. This invention of the coil would help Tesla and the world with new inventions. “Tesla made an antenna of the high-voltage end of his secondary, it became a powerful radio transmitter. In fact, in the early decades of radio, most practicable radios utilized Tesla coils in their transmission antennas. Tesla himself used larger or smaller versions of his invention to investigate fluorescence, x-rays, radio, wireless power, biological effects, and even the electromagnetic nature of the earth and its atmosphere”

By the 17th century, many electricity-related discoveries had been made, such as the early electrostatic generator,difference between positive and negative currents (Tva Kids).

In the mid 1800s, two men were born who would later impact the field of electricity in a powerful way. These two men were known as Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla. Tesla and Edison would eventually cross paths and cause what is known in history as “The War of the Currents”.

“The discovery of a relationship between electricity and magnetism made possible the invention of the electric motor” (Electric Motors, 2008). Without one or more fixed magnets combined with a movable current-carrying coil, electric motors will not run. Pinball machines, paintball markers, dot matrix printers and fuel injectors in vehicles all use magnets by means of electromechanical solenoids. A solenoid is “a tightly wound helix of current-carrying wire (which) acts like a hollow bar magnet” (Electricity and Magnetism,

Tesla was also sincerely involved in studying electrical currents. Thomas Edison had invented direct current (DC). Direct current is an electrical flow with only one direction, and everything is connected. Anything that uses a battery like flashlights and remote controls for televisions is considered direct

Michael Faraday, the father of Electricity is well known for his studies in the field of light and electro magnetism. He suggested that the propagation of light through space consisted of vibrations of these lines. His concepts of electric and magnetic fields were put into mathematical form a generation later by Maxwell, who showed that light is, in fact, an oscillatory electromagnetic disturbance.

The generator turns rotational energy into electricity. At its essence, generating electricity from the wind is all about transferring energy from one medium to another.

This paper is mainly about the origin and discoveries of electricity and magnetism. It is solely a summary of two natural phenomenon which have changed everything about our way of life and has ushered us into a remarkable new age.

Almost every person knows Benjamin Franklin. At the same time, people know him differently. Some people know Benjamin Franklin as a founding father or as a scientist or even as an economist. He had achieved various achievements in different fields, and his achievements are still influencing our lives. While he has achieved numerous achievements in various fields, this paper will focus on his achievements as a scientist and an inventor. As the scientist, he has established various scientific terms, especially terms that are used in electric physics. Ordinary people, even not professionals, use terms that Benjamin Franklin has established. In addition to that, as the inventor, he made various gadgets based on his knowledge. Even though we do not recognize it, his inventions and terms are closely related to our routine. For instance, we still widely use the various electrical terms that he had established, including commonly used terms “batteries”, “plus” and “minus”. [1] In additions to that, we can observe the lightning rod on the buildings, which is also invented by Benjamin Franklin.[2] While numerous people are using his inventions and terms that he had established, relatively few people know that those ideas and terms were established by Benjamin Franklin. Although there are various fields and things were developed by Benjamin Franklin, this paper will mainly focus on his contribution to physics, especially in electrical physics.

The scientist William Gilbert proposed, in his De Magnete (1600), that electricity and magnetism, while both capable of causing attraction and repulsion of objects, were distinct effects. Mariners had noticed that lightning strikes had the ability to disturb a compass needle, but the link between lightning and electricity was not confirmed until Benjamin Franklin's proposed experiments in 1752. One of the first to discover and publish a link between man-made electric current and magnetism was Romagnosi, who in 1802 noticed that connecting a wire across a voltaic pile deflected a nearby compass needle. However, the effect did not become widely known until 1820, when Ørsted performed a similar experiment. Ørsted's work influenced Ampère to produce a

As this paper has mentioned earlier, Benjamin Franklin has contrived some electrical phraseologies that are still widely used today even though his theories are now outdated or proved to be wrong. For instance, even ordinary people who have no previous experiences with physics use the terms, including “positive charge”, “negative charge”, “plus”, “minus” and “battery” even though they might not know the meanings of the words accurately. In the era of Benjamin Franklin, people likely to believe that the charges have similar properties as the fluid. Their theories are now called as the fluid theory. At the same time, at the era of Benjamin Franklin, majority of people believed that two charges, “positive charge” and “negative charge”, were different entities. This theory was called as the “two fluid” theory. On the other hand, Benjamin Franklin at that time had a different idea. He believed that two opposite charges are not separate entities. He observed that rubbing into different materials made them charges either negatively or positively. At that time, Benjamin Franklin made a theory that excessive electric fluid makes an electric positively and less electric fluid makes electricity to charge negatively. On the other hand, both fluid theories, including the two fluid theory and the one fluid theory from Benjamin Franklin are now considered as outdated theory. We know now that what makes charges either positively or

Michael Faraday is considered as one of the most important scientists in physics and chemistry even nowadays, his famous and progressive researches began the new era in electromagnetism, electrochemistry, and studying of many branches of these sciences. His place in the list of scientist can be explained as one of the first only, his works about electromagnetic rotary devices started the invention of electric motors, and this is not only the one his achievement.

The first mode of knowledge conversion enables an organization to convert tacit knowledge through facilitating interaction between individuals (Bashar Sarayreh 2012). Individuals in this case, can gain tacit knowledge without necessarily having to communicate by means of language. Instead, tacit knowledge can be converted into tacit knowledge through practice, imitation and observation. An example of this form of knowledge conversion is demonstrated by apprentices who learn critical skills just by working alongside their mentors. Evidently, therefore, experience is a key cornerstone when it comes to an individual acquiring tacit knowledge. Nonaka’s theory of energy conversion suggests that it is enormously difficult for individuals to share their thinking processes without keenly sharing their experiences (Bashar Sarayreh 2012). A common feature of this form of conversion is emotional attachment to shared experiences. As a result of this, the spiral model calls the process of creating tacit knowledge by sharing experiences, socialization. Conversion of explicit knowledge to explicit knowledge on the other hand requires the incorporation of social processes in order to combine various forms of explicit knowledge possessed by different individuals. Under this arrangement, individuals share knowledge through meetings or telephone conversations. Reconfiguration of existing information through acts such as adding or sorting information can consequently lead to creation of newer

Electrical energy is a commodity that is manufactured through converting raw materials provided by nature into usable electricity. It is available in various forms from different natural sources such as radioactive substances of nuclear energy, pressure head of water, and kinetic wind power (National Certificate in Technology, n.d.). Electrical energy is available in various forms from different natural sources. Today, people lie heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas for the production of electrical energy. However, these resources of electrical energy in useful forms are limited. With the

Figure 2. This figure shows in even more detail how the electricity is powered through the generator and then given to the areas that require that energy. As you can see in the diagram, the “production well” brings in the hot air/steam which is then pumped through the “heat exchanger.” This is all then passed to the turbine to allow it to move freely and spin to create the needed electricity through the generator. Then once the air has pushed the turbine it is then pumped back into the ground through the “injection well.”