A Case Of State Crime

State Crimes are defined as “acts that are largely committed, instigated or condoned by governments and their officials” (International State Crime initiative). These crimes are considered to be very serious crimes in society today, due to the fact that they are either committed or condoned by governmental personnel with the aim of achieving certain goals. Having said that, scholars today do not have the knowledge of how important these crimes are since it violate international and criminal law within that state. Eugene McLaughlin identified four categories of state crime; Political crimes, crimes by security, economic crimes and social and cultural crimes. However, I will focus on the two that are more widely acknowledged Political crime is corruption and censorship, a state has the right to label a behaviour as political crime if it’s seen as a threat to the state. Crime by security has to do with genocide and torture, a great example of crime by security is the Rwanda Genocide that occurred in 1994 which ended up killing 800,000 citizens in just a few weeks. According to Grabosky and Stohl (2010), state crimes can be divided into six main types; State terror against another state, state terror against private interests, State facilitation of another state’s terrorism, state terror against its own citizens, state facilitation of private actors and political terror scale. In this essay, I will be mainly concentrating on the Rwanda Genocide, Libyan civil war of 2011 and

In the film ‘’Maquilapolis’’ it tells the story of the human cost of globalization; focusing on group of female factory workers in Tijuana, which is home to hundreds of factories. Over the course of several years, a group of factory workers were a part of the documentary to tell their stories. The workers faced issues that included human rights abuses, danger from toxic chemicals both in the factory and in the environments all around the factories. A group of ‘’maquiladoras’’ became community advocates, and actively pushed to improve their situation and attempt to make a change and let their voices be heard. Large corporations play a key role in widening this gap. These corporations/companies move there productions to places like Tijuana to and other foreign places to for tax breaks and for cheap labor. They also use their connections to ensure government policy works for them. There is a huge gap between the super-rich and the rest of the world population that traps millions in poverty, fracturing our societies and undermining our democracy. It leaves more people living in fear and fewer in hope. Migration is a complex process and has been a feature of human societies for many centuries. There are many reasons why people choose to migrate. Migration means merely the movement of humans from one place to another with the purpose to find better opportunities. Many migrate to the states in search for

Human trafficking has been entwined into the structure of governments, arms trade, drug trade, and even spreads as far as terrorism. For many years it has been a fact that the money that has been made by selling other humans to the highest bidder. It is also known that the organized crime operations generate one of the most profitable resources to the organization. These organizations use this money for theirs or other’s crime and end up in the hands of drug lords. Drug lords, in order to promote their own business give money to support terrorist groups and activities. Security after September 11, 2001 has recognized human trafficking as a national and international security risk.

At the beginning of the 21st century, with the globalised world, there is an increase in policies which better protect human rights, especially women and children. However, exploitation and abuse are still daily happening. According to The National Child Labor Survey, 3.3 million children between the ages of 5-14 in Pakistan have to work in farms or factories many hours per day which is hazardous and low-paid. However, this issue is still ignored. (Ahmad et al. 2011). Therefore, whereas most believe that globalisation will help improve both the economy and living standards, the others

Migrant farm workers come to Canada to give themselves a better work opportunity and they believe that will get the same rights as a Canadian. Globalization has allowed many of these migrant workers to receive an indefinite status which allows many of these individuals’ rights that starts problems for citizenship and human rights. What happens is the Canadian citizenship and international human rights have allowed these migrant workers to come to work, but these workers find it difficult to secure their rights that have been organized by SAWP. Gabriel and Macdonald (2014) found that struggle begins with Canada because they use human rights laws that is embedded into the domestic laws to help secure citizenship rights, which is better suited

Human Trafficking is “considered a form of modern slavery” involving the recruitment, transportation, transfer and/or harboring the receipt of a person by either the means of force or coercion that is affecting thousands of men, women and children per year both abroad and locally. This is a crime in violation of human rights (“Human Trafficking/What is Human Trafficking”, 2015). Human trafficking is an umbrella term that is not quite defined and/or recognized by law.

Unfortunately, rape of female migrant farmworkers in the fields is a tragic phenomenon that is far too prevalent. These women are treated as sexual objects at the hands of their supervisors and coworkers, and are subsequently sexually harassed, abused, and raped. While sex plays a role in these crimes, the primary motivator behind sexual abuse in the fields is the power of the perpetrators coming into play with the powerlessness and vulnerability of the women workers.

State crime refers to crimes committed by the government and its agents ( Green and Ward). It includes crimes committed by politicians and state officials who work in the government and agencies such as the police. Inevitably, there are many problems associated with studying state crime, ranging from the fact that states set laws, and are therefore in a position to define what is criminal and what is not. States can be so powerful that they can control what sociologists want to study. Michalowski and Kramer (2006) argue power and crimes are inseparable. The states monopoly of violence gives it the potential to inflict massive harm, while its power means it is well placed to conceal its crimes or avoid punishment for them.

In her article, Juan E. Méndez discusses that the state is obliged to a number of tasks in response to crimes against humanity. two of those include offering the victims adequate reparations, and to separating known perpetrators from law enforcement bodies and other positions of authority (Mendez, 261). This is what I would like to form my criminal prosecution around.

1), report that TFWs in the Gulf States face “the kafala system, an oppressive employment system that quashes worker mobility by forcing migrant workers to continue their employment relationship with abusive employers” (ADHRB, 2014, pg. 5) and that “[TFWs] often find themselves given wages at a less-than-subsistence level, or can even have their wages completely withheld for up to years at a time...Runaways are labeled illegal, and can be detained for years or deported at their own expense” (ADHRB, 2014, pg. 6). “There is a general unawareness about the plight of migrant workers among police and the public ... [TFWs], who are often viewed negatively and blamed for stealing jobs from native Bahrainis ... are often themselves blamed for the abuses that they suffer. In order for meaningful change to occur, attitudes that are more compassionate to migrant workers need to be encouraged among the general public” (ADHRB, 2014, pg.

Men, women, and children are held in debt bondage and face involuntary servitude working in brick kilns, rice mills, agriculture, and embroidery factories. India is also a destination for women and girls from Nepal and Bangladesh trafficked for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Bangladeshi women reportedly are trafficked through India for sexual exploitation in Pakistan. Although Indians migrate willingly to the Gulf for work as domestic servants and low-skilled laborers, some later find themselves in situations of involuntary servitude, including extended working hours, non-payment of wages, restrictions on movement by withholding of passports or confinement to the workplace, and physical or sexual abuse. Bangladeshi and Nepali men and women are trafficked through India for involuntary servitude in the Middle East.

Despite all international agreements or recommendations, every day in the United States the abuses against immigrants such as arbitrary detentions, no due process, expedited removal, separation of families, and inhumane working conditions are increasing under the justification of “national security”.

This research paper dives into the world of human trafficking looking into key details about the ethical implications of human trafficking as well as proposed solutions. With information such as statistics, methods of trafficking and the ending of trafficking that is found from websites from organizations that are dedicated to ending trafficking, the involvement of all countries are cited as necessary in ending this worldly crime. Information was found through University of South Florida’s library system and websites with information pertaining to their organization’s attempts at ending human trafficking. Articles utilized include Unintended Effects of United Nations Intervention, From Bush to Obama: Rethinking Sex and Religion in the U.S. Initiative to Combat Human Trafficking, Human Trafficking, and Supply and Demand: Human Trafficking in the Global Economy. In addition to these scholarly articles, websites used include the organizational websites of UNODC and UNICEF.

Tahira works approximately 4,000 miles away from home. She is yelled at and beaten on a daily basis but continues to work 15 hours a day because she, like many others, was promised a paycheck when her contract was over. Tahira was not given a bed, and had to resort to sleeping on the ground at night; she was awarded one meal a day, if at all. Still, Tahira did not give up. She needed her salary. The abuse got worse as her employer broke her arm, slapped her across the face and even scraped her fingernails on Tahira’s neck. Still, Tahira endured the pain-she had to. She could not simply go back to Indonesia and find work elsewhere because her ticket back home- her passport was taken away from her (Human Rights Watch 33).

Human trafficking “shall mean the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs” (Protocol To Prevent, 2).