Case Report:
Anencephaly: A Case Report
Dr. Reem H. O. Al- Jasmawi
House Officer in Al- Hilla General Teaching Hospital
Babel – Iraq
Abstract :
Anencephaly occurs in 1.4-4.7/10,000 deliveries and is occurred due to a failed closure of the anterior neuropore at 24-26 days post fertilization. It is characterized by congenital absence of the major portion of brain, skull and scalp. As a result, the cranial neural tissue is exposed. Sometimes, some development of cerebral hemispheres can occur but this exposed tissue may be destructed because of hemorrhage. , it leads to nonfunctioning of the cerebrum. The etiology behind this condition is still unknown and it can diagnosed by various prenatal methods as simple as an ultrasound. The aim
Due to the loss of muscle mass, protein adequacy is also a problem in older adults because it is not advised to increase protein intake. Limited protein intake may result in vitamin A, C, D, calcium, iron, zinc, and other deficiencies (Grodner, 2012). Overall, Theresa’s small nutrient intake can result in many nutrient deficiencies.
Erin Wade is chief executive of Homeroom, a restaurant. Recently she had gotten multiple emails from her staff about harassment. Apparently there had been multiple counts of harassment against female employees, but Wade had never heard of them because the complaints were shut down by male managers. Wade was shocked to hear about this and decided to create a color coded system for reporting incidents. The system has since decreased harassment drastically. Wade advocates for more news stories with solutions to harassment problems rather than publishing even more redundant articles that focus on the harassers and how their lives are changed.
Anencephaly is described as neural tube defect that has severe limits on the lifespan of affected infants. The condition is likely to contribute to the failure of the neural tissue to an extent that it can completely close at the cephalic end of the neural system. This medical condition in infants tends to occur between the third and fourth week of a woman's pregnancy resulting in the absence of the cerebral cortex though the brain stem remains intact. While the brain stem manages autonomic functions like blood pressure and heart rate, the cerebral cortex is in charge of functions like purposeful actions, memories, consciousness, and emotions. Infants with these conditions who are born alive tend to have a basic brain stem that can support reflex action like breathing as well as certain reactions to touch or sound. There are several arguments that have been raised regarding the use organs of anencephalic infants who are born alive to save the lives of other newborns. These arguments have emerged because of the consideration that infants with anencephaly are not persons.
By dates, she is 20 5/7 weeks and the measurements are concordant. The amniotic fluid volume is normal, and the cervix is long and closed with no evidence of membrane funneling. A complete fetal anatomical survey was performed and no major malformations were noted at this time within the resolution of the ultrasound equipment.
This federalist paper was written by James Madison most likely in 1788. In this letter he addresses the concerns of some that the Constitution will endanger the people by granting too much power to the federal government and usurping power from the states. In the first paragraph Madison asks many questions of the reader which all infer that his point is that the states will indeed lose some of their sovereignty, but it is necessary for the happiness of the citizens. He argues, essentially, that the federal government must be granted the actual capacity to do what it is every state wants it to do, such as protect them from foreign enemies. Madison assures the audience that the amount of power he is suggesting granting to a centralized government
On ultrasound today, there is a live fetus in cephalic presentation. We did not full biometry but we did remeasure the head circumference and confirmed that it lagged by 2 weeks. In other intracranial imaging, we did not see overtly dilated ventricles, although they did appear to be somewhat prominent frontal horns. We could not completely visualize the cavum septum
Anencephaly is a congenital neurological disorder characterized by absence of the cerebrum and cerebellum, as well as the top of the skull, resulting in exposure of the brain stem. Even though the brain stem is exposed this does not mean that the babies brain or head is completely missing. This is considered one of the more serious birth defects that a baby can have because they baby will never have the brain power to grow and become an adult. Many of these babies are exposed to various infections and will only live up to one week even though some have lived up to one year at the most. Anencephalics are seen as a huge source of organ donation because they are not damaged like other babies such as babies who have been abused or babies that have been in car accidents. Many of these babies that need the organs of anencephalics are usually the ones who have heart defects. Parents such as Laura Campo heard about this type of donor possibility when she was pregnant at twenty four weeks and found out about her child being anencephalic there was no way for her to abort the baby because she was too far along. This resulted in Laura Campo going to the Florida District Court but since Laura’s baby girl who she named Theresa, by Harvard Law was not brain dead they were not allowed to use her organs for donation. The judge Estella Moriarty was begged by the family to pronounce her brain dead so they could save another child’s life but instead Theresa’s organs began to fail. Once her
Microcephaly is a condition that affects infants. It is characterized by a smaller than typical head circumference due to problems with brain development. Typically, as a baby’s brain grows in utero, the head and skull grow as well, however if the brain is not developing as it should, the head will not grow as expected (CDC). It can be caused by genetic disorders such as Down’s syndrome, as well as other chromosomal syndromes and neurometabolic syndromes (NINDS). Microcephaly can also be caused in utero if the pregnant mother abuses alcohol or drugs, or becomes infected with certain viruses.
Anencephaly is one of the neural tube defect and it is a serious birth defect that cause a baby to born with the absent of the brain and skull. In normal baby the formation and closing of neural tube will help form a normal brain and skull which is the upper part of neural tube along with spinal cord, and back bones which is the lower part of the neural tube. What happened in anencephaly Is that the upper part of the neural tube will not close probably all the way. This will cause the baby to be born with the absent of the front part of forebrain and the tanking part of the brain which is the cerebrum. The rest of the brain are often with neither skin nor bone
The neural tube in an infant forms early during pregnancy, then closes twenty eight days after conception (CDC). Children born with spina bifida have complications with the development or closure
A commonly known procedure when it comes to hospital births are epidurals. An epidural is an injection of a drug between the “epidural space” which causes
Microcephaly is a rare neurological condition in which an infant's head is significant than the rest of the babies of the same age and gender. It can occur because a baby’s brain has not developed properly during pregnancy or has stopped growing after birth. There are over 50 known causes for this rare condition. Microcephaly can occur with no other major birth defects, or it can occur in combination with other major birth defects. There is no telling how long a someone with this condition will live. Some may die after birth and others will live a longer life. Just because they have microcephaly does not mean they can’t live a normal life.
My theme for the story Animal Farm by Greg Orwell is how power can lead to corruption and dictatorship/oppression. I chose this theme because it is very prominent throughout the story. In the story a few examples of this were as follows: Napoleon giving power to the pigs and terrorizing the other animals and creating new laws such as “All animals are equal but some are more equal than others.” which displays how the pigs are oppressing the animals by carrying whips around to intimidate them, working them on the bare minimal amount of food they need to not expire, and violating all of the 7 Animalia commandments without remorse. This connects to my claim by displaying how they were being dictators due to the other animals having no say in
Baby Theresa is a very unique case. Theresa Ann Campo Pearson was an infant born in Florida 1992, with Anencephaly, which is where the two most important parts of the brain are missing, the cerebrum and cerebellum, as well as the top of the skull. Without these parts of the brain she would never have had higher brain functions or consciousness. However, there is still a brain stem connected so all the autonomic functions are still working, such as having a heart beat and breathing. Anencephaly is known as one of the worst congenital disorders, thus these cases are usually detected during pregnancy and aborted. If not aborted, half are stillborn or if born alive, they usually die within a few days. In
Nowadays everyone can see clearly how technology has change the way we do things and how we manage to do it in a faster and easier way with technology. One of them is cellphones. They play a tremendous part in people’s life. Cellphones are the very first tool people use to do the simplest but necessary things like sending a text to a friend or calling your parents. A recent survey on which group of people uses phones the most in a regular basis shown students as the leading head of this list. Today, 90 percent of the students in a classrooms have cellphones. But, why is that a problem for teachers? What has cause for teacher to have the right to ban a necessary tool like cellphones from students? Educators argue that is distracting and unnecessary for students to check their phones every five minutes when you are in class. Although is true that some students use cellphones no to pay attention in class, it has to be consider that others rely on them to important things like research for the class itself and emergencies.