A Case Study Prognosis

Radiation therapy can be used anywhere in the body to treat any kind of cancer. Depending on what type of radiation therapy, it can have some side effects. The most common ones include fatigue, hair loss near the treated area, and skin darkening in the area exposed to a beam of radiation. ("Radiation Therapy for Cancer,” 1) There are also safety concerns that patients have when they are treated with radiation therapy. Many people that receive radiation therapy treatment, worry about exposing family and love ones to radiation, as well as the side effects. Radiation effects on the normal tissues are divided into acute and chronic effects (Schreiber). Acute effects occur during the course of therapy and during the post therapy period (approximately 2-3 weeks after the completion of a course of irradiation) (Schreiber).

The well being of the patient will be on the factors of the location of the tumor and where the sarcoma has spreads.

is done for this type of tumor is to treat the symptoms and palliative care of the

With the advancement of medicine, diagnosing breast cancer is much easier now than it was before. Mammograms are a very common way of diagnosing breast cancer. A mammogram takes x-rays of the breasts and checks for any abnormalities in the breast. A breast ultrasound is also another way of diagnosing breast cancer. “Ultrasounds use sound waves to produce images of structures deep within the body”.(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education .) The only way to be sure that a patient 's lump is cancerous or not, is by performing a biopsy. During the procedure doctors take cells from the affected area and test them to see if they are cancerous. The biopsy also determines the aggressiveness of the cancer, and what type of treatment would be the best for the patient 's type of cancer. Not all patients can receive the same form of treatment.

Radiation therapy is the use special machines to convey high-energy rays that damage cancer cells and stop them from growing. The radiation can be directed to a specific area of the body or the whole body. Some side effects that come from the therapy are fatigue, hair loss, nausea, or red, dry, itchy skin.

Surgery is the oldest type of treatment for cancer. In its earlier use, surgery was not as successful as it is today. This was due to the difficulties involved with the anesthesias, excessive blood loss,

In conclusion, there are many ways to treat cancer such as chemotherapy, the first of which has proved its effectiveness on many of the infected cases. The doctors always prefer to begin chemotherapy sessions early in the discovery of the disease, According to a doctor may decide to increase the cure rate

into extensive metastasis, the prognosis for the patient is very poor, as treatment of multiple

The patient is 69-year-old gentleman who presented to the ED complaining of dizziness and nausea. The episode lasted about an hour. It occurred when the patient was sitting in the courthouse. He also reports some abdominal pain, dizziness, headache and nausea. He denies any chest pain or shortness of breath. He has experienced similar episodes in the past. The patient was last seen by his primary doctor on July of 2014. He has a past history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, anemia, hypertension, prostate CA, skin cancer, syncope, GERD, coronary bypass grafting with stenting, unstable angina, right carotid stenosis, some autonomic dysfunction, pacemaker in place and history of TIAs and CVAs. The patient was placed in observation

Once the cancer saw public light, new treatments began to arise out of the chaos. Radiation Therapy began as a way to reduce the size of large tumors. This form of treatment did not become available

I agree with the court decision that in any condition it is crime to assist a suicide. No one has right to take a decision about other life. This types of situation arises when there is a lack of advance directives paperwork done with the patient when the patient was in a stable condition. The advance directive provides an overview of evolving legal landscape of end- of- life decision making generally, specifically, and identifies the current challenges and opportunity for promoting the goal and advance care planning (Sabatino, 2007). Advance directive not only help to know the patient decision on end of life situation but also help the health care provider to take decision on the following condition.

There are a variety of physical side effects that occur when a patient receives radiation therapy. The occurrence and severity of these varies from patient to patient. However, fatigue is the most common side effect among cancer patients (2). Radiation therapy can take a huge toll on a person 's body and overall health. Cancer related fatigue can affect a person 's everyday life and activities. It has even been reported that 81% of patients that have completed radiation therapy still suffer from fatigue (2). Cancer related fatigue is something that is very difficult to treat while receiving radiation therapy. However, some treatments have been proven to help relieve symptoms. These include exercise and the use of relaxation techniques.

I think that we as medical professionals will face legal risk if treatment is withheld. A nonbeneficial treatment solicitation is to build up a reasonable and unequivocal procedure to recognize and regard the perspectives of all gatherings included in conflict circumstances including treatment arrangement choice making. Another reason is to respect patient autonomy, and to regard the rights and expert commitments of doctors and different individuals from the medical group. Moreover, acknowledging differing perspectives is both a need and challenge in today's health insurance environment. In addition, this is especially valid toward the end-of-life is in question and feelings have a tendency to be high.

Breast cancer stages range from 0 to 4. Stages 0 and 1 are the earliest detection of cancer development, the cancer cells are confined to one area. Stage 2 and 2A is evidence that the cancer has begun to grow or spread. Stages 3 A, B and C is considered to be advanced cancer that shows the cancer entering surrounding tissues near the breast. The last stage is stage 4 and it shows that cancer has spread beyond the breast to other areas of the body. Most breast cancers begin in the cells that line the ducts, which are tubes that carry milk from the lobules to the nipple. and begin in the cells that line the lobules, this is the milk producing glands. Lymph nodes play a role in breast cancer because its one-way breast cancers can spread. Lymph nodes are a small collection of immune system cells that help fight infections and these are connected to lymphatic vessels, which breast cancer cells can enter the vessels and grow in the lymph nodes. If this happens there is a larger risk that cancer cells have gotten into the bloodstream and spread to other areas in the body. “The more lymph nodes with breast

First, radiation can damage the normal cells in the body, and depending on the location, it can effect a person’s ability to perform certain tasks. For example, radiation to the abdomen or pelvis can lead to bowel, bladder, infertility, or sexual problems. According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, “…only 28% of men with normal erectile function maintained normal erectile function after therapy.” This means a shocking 72% of men who received radiation therapy to treat prostate cancer weren’t able to function as easily as before. Radiation can also cause fluid build-up and swelling in certain parts of the body; this is called lymphedema. Furthermore, radiation treatment has been linked to an increased probability of developing a second cancer due to the negative effects of radiation. The subsequent cancer is caused by damage inflicted upon the healthy tissue, and may develop years after treatment, however, over many years scientists have refined and improved radiation therapy to reduce the probability of this. Luis Munoz, M.D., a radiation oncologist at Texas Oncology-Medical City of Dallas testified to this saying, “Today radiation therapy is faster, safer, and more precise for patients than ever