A Detailed Authoritative Background Analysis On Aerotoxic Syndrome Essay

The airline industry is one of the largest global industries in the world. Airline companies in the airline industry have gone through challenging obstacles in the past decade. Many changes have occurred within the industry and increased regulations have driven up cost for the industry. The attacks on 9/11 left the industry in shock when planes were used in terrorist attacks in the United States. These attacks changed the mentality of the industry and shifted the focus towards safety. Safety was also a major concern in the industry with the breakout of SARS in 2003 and the H1N1 flu in 2009. The airlines had to ensure that public health and safety of the travelers were

In Shreveport, LA, many residents suffer from respiratory issues that they believe are caused by the local refinery, Calumet (Moskowitz). Residents have suffered for generations losing family members to cancer that they believe is brought on by pollution that the refinery emits. Some residents suffer lesser but chronic health issues ranging from minor respiratory issues like asthma to blood clots in their lungs. “Calumet denies that its refinery is the cause of any of these health issues” (Moskowitz). Many chemicals that are released by refineries can cause respiratory problems, cancer, nerve damage, and in some cases even death. There is no absolute way to be sure that all health problems happening near Calumet are caused by the pollution that it emits, but it could be a contributing factor in worsening symptoms. A resident of Marrero, LA, a town south of Norco refining, stated that they could not leave their house due to excess levels of pollution triggering asthma attacks (Ludwig). Sulfur dioxide is a known chemical that can trigger asthma attacks, it is also one of the many harmful chemicals that can be released by refineries (Sturgis). Refineries will measure levels of emissions when there is a chemical spill, so they know almost exactly how much pollution they have emitted. Minor incidents are not always reported or are under reported, but they can have the same damaging effects on the environment and the overall health of the community (Sturgis). “LABB’s reports confirms what workers and residents have known for years-petrochemical companies to often skirt the laws for reporting serious incidents”

The chemicals inhaled nare arsenic, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide,many of these have been proven toxic or have been proven to cause

Inhalant disorders are induced by inhaling the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons found in substances such

Flight nurse’s and Flight Paramedics performs as members of an aeromedical crew on helicopters (rotor wing), and airplanes (fixed wing) aircraft, providing for in-flight management and care for all types of patients. Responsibilities of this job include the planning and preparation of flight, safety, evaluation of an individual patient's in-flight needs and request appropriate medications, supplies, and equipment to provide continuing care from origination to the destination facility. They act as liaisons between facilities during an interfacility transport and from scene location to trauma center during medical and trauma related emergencies. They also initiate emergency treatment in the absence of a physician during in-flight medical emergencies. Flight nurses and Flight Paramedics have training in mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support, vasoactive medications, airway, and other intensive care skills.

It is thought that exposure to this dust through the lungs and skin has contributed to the asthma, gastrointestinal problems, and possibly the increased cancer risk experienced by rescue workers, especially those who were on the site immediately after the attack. Rescue workers continue to struggle with respiratory illness, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and many of them may be at increased risk for developing a number of cancers. The planes were fueled with 24,000 gallons of fuel that spread to 100,000 and 230,000 gallons in diesel oil in the buildings feeling them up with toxic pile of ash. Many of these toxins that the 9/11 first hand responders were exposed to were asbestos which refer to a set of six naturally occurring fibrous minerals that have six primary sub classification chrysotile, crocidolite, amanita, anthophylite, tremollile and achitone. The minerals that the first responders were exposed to could cause mesothelioma cancer. Those from the cite have a 32 percent more likely to have numerous of cancers. 14 years after the 9/11 70,000 patients enrolled in the W.I.C and 21,000 of them are getting treatment and many health programs were created in

To ensure that adequate oxygen is available to the tissues, supplemental oxygen may be needed. Pulmonary injuries fall into several categories: upper airway injury; inhalation injury below the glottis, including carbon monoxide poisoning; and restrictive defects. Upper airway injury results from direct heat or edema. It is manifested by mechanical obstruction of the upper airway, including the pharynx and larynx. Because of the cooling effect of rapid vaporization in the pulmonary tract, direct heat injury does not normally occur below the level of the bronchus. Upper airway injury is treated by early intubation. Inhalation injury below the glottis results from inhaling the products of incomplete combustion or noxious gases. These products include carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, aldehydes, cyanide, ammonia, chlorine, phosgene, benzene, and halogens. The injury results directly from chemical irritation of the pulmonary tissues at the alveolar level. Inhalation injuries below the glottis cause loss of ciliary action, hypersecretion, severe mucosal edema, and possibly bronchospasm. The pulmonary surfactant is reduced, resulting in atelectasis (collapse of alveoli). Expectoration of carbon particles in the sputum is the cardinal sign of this injury. Carbon monoxide is probably the most common cause of inhalation injury because it is a

Some of the negative effects that contribute to airplane accidents are related to fatigue. Associated mainly with long flights, irregular work schedules performed by pilots may lead to incidences such as menstrual irregularities, stomach problems, weight gain, cardiovascular problems, and cold flu. Unfortunately, there are attempts to provide limitation on flight time and scheduling provisions to pilots.

Occupational asthma is asthma that resort from any inhale hazards or chemicals on a job (Mayo Clinic, 2014). Occupational asthma can affect any individual, especially individuals that have been diagnosis with allergic rhinitis or asthma. These individuals suffer the most when they come in contact with any irritating agents. The following workers are at an increased risk for developing occupational asthma: animal handlers, laboratory workers, chemical workers, food-processing workers, paint sprayers, and welders (Douglas, J. 2010). Also, without treatment these individuals with occupational asthma can develop permanent asthma. Individuals

Nick is a 36 year old Caucasian male. His occupation sees him travelling frequently by air. Nick has an excessive fear of flying and becomes anxious, and at times is unable to board the plane. Nick states that before boarding the plane he becomes anxiety, gets nervous, his palms become sweaty, and he often experiences shortness of breath. Nick’s goal of counselling is too be able to comfortably fly again

Since the Industrial Revolution, there has been an increased presence of pollutants and carcinogens in the environment, specif-ically in urban areas.1 The presence of airborne pollutants can lead to an increase in allergic reactions and asthma rates. A common airborne pollutant is carbon monoxide (CO), which is commonly found in diesel exhaust. It is an odorless gas produced from me-thane and non-methane hydrocarbon oxidation.2 The toxic gas eliminates and takes the place of oxygen in the form of carboxy-hemoglobin when it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. It also affects the binding sites of heme groups, which complicates the transfer of oxygen to tissues.3 The majority of deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning is brought on from car exhaust.4 Between the years 1979 and 1988, 57% of deaths from carbon monoxide poi-soning were brought from car exhaust. There tend to be higher rates of carbon monoxide poisoning from car exhaust in northern regions, where temperatures are relatively low (Figure 1). 5

The paper presents a review, analysis and a study on hypoxia faced by pilots at higher altitudes. The problems faced by pilots of commercial flights and the ways and means of dealing with them with the use of technology used in military planes will be the point of discussion and focus. The usage of technology that minimize the conditions of hypoxia at higher altitudes and reduction of its

In this section I will discuss about the causes of stress in a pilots life and this are as follows: unusual tasks and challenges faced by pilots, passing the medical examinations, problems with family, illness, time schedules, temperature and humidity etc. Stress, a state of highly unpleasant emotional arousal associated variously with overload, fear, anxiety anger and hostility – can threaten both individual performance and teamwork. It can undermine the

Airline industry is a growing and a challenging industry across the globe and it is becoming more competitive on quality, pricing and most prominently safety in the contemporary world.

Stress is an everyday reality in the aviation industry, especially to pilots. Pilots face different kinds of stress on the job. Overload and underload on pilots is common and has always been overlooked. As a result, poses a threat to aviation safety. The society should pay a considerable attention to this issue. This essay will discuss the effect of stress on pilot performance and ways to relief stress. It begins with definitions of stress, then it will mention the causes of stress. The essay then explores on the relevance to aviation industry. Finally, the essay will give suggestions on how to cope with stress. As a future commercial airline pilot, this topic has great relevance as stress could not be avoided in the aviation industry. It