A Glucose Tolerance Test ( Gtt )

The result obtained was very high. Analysis Blood glucose is essential part of diabetic management and in order to provide appropriate care and the treatment to be efficient , the blood glucose measurement needs to be accurate at all times as it is easy to fail due to infection control namely hands hygiene and wearing gloves. Also the use of single-use lancet is crucial to prevent blood borne viruses (CDC 2012). The reusable device is safe to use only for a single person în their own environment.

The tests for type 1 and type 2 are glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test, fasting blood sugar test, and oral glucose tolerance test (Mayo Clinic, n.d). Tests for gestational diabetes are initial glucose challenge test and follow-up glucose tolerance testing (Mayo Clinic, n.d).

Blood glucose needs to be tested to ensure the blood glucose is not too high or too low to determine how much insulin is needed.

Patients are usually given a blood test to show if diabetes is present, the test may be given because of questionable symptoms one has had or from genetic history. If after testing hemoglobin levels in your blood, and diagnosed with diabetes, insulin will then be a part of a patients’ daily routine (Insel, Deecher, & Brewer, 2012).Tests are taken to determine whether or not hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia is present. When this is discovered, the tests become more frequent. A variety of tests are done in order to keep one in good health. If diagnosed in time, and with proper care, many complications can be prevented. JDRF will be supporting

Plasma insulin concentration was at its lowest during the fasting time period. Concentration was about 68 during that time.

Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) NICE NG28 Type 2 Diabetes in Adult: Management7 recommends that we refer to the DVLA “At a glance guide to the current medical standards of fitness to drive” when offering SMBG to those with T2DM We should be routinely offering SMBG to those with T2DM if: •

To investigate blood glucose concentrations following food input. This was done by analysing blood glucose concentration data from individuals ingesting various types of food following several hours of fasting. To also examine glucose tolerance test in a clinical context and to further explain glucose concentrations in the body.

This test indicates to the doctor whether or not the body is processing glucose correctly. Diabetes is diagnosed with this test if after two hours the blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 200 mg. There is also a Random Plasma Glucose Test, which is a blood test that can be done at any point in the day when experiencing diabetic symptoms (American Diabetes Association, 2013).

Monitoring your blood glucose (also known as blood sugar) helps you to manage your diabetes. It also helps you and your health care provider monitor your diabetes and determine how well your treatment plan is working.

Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar properly, or becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, also causing blood sugar to rise. High blood sugar is characteristic of diabetes. People who have diabetes have to take insulin shots or supplements in order to give their body enough insulin to regulate blood sugar. There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. In Type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar. In Type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin, and so it allows blood sugar to rise to high levels (Winter 2002). Gestational diabetes is a temporary diabetes that develops in previously non-diabetic pregnant women and causes their blood sugar to rise during their pregnancy.

A fasting blood glucose test is done by having blood drawn from the patient first thing in the morning after eating nothing since midnight the previous night, a score over 126 mg/dl indicates diabetes. Lastly, the glucose tolerance test involves the patients blood being drawn twice, the first time after fasting for 8 hrs and the second time two hours later, after drinking a very sweet drink, a score over 200 mg/dl indicated diabetes (Laberge, 2011).

These procedures include tolerance tests. One test is the epinephrine tolerance test. Another test is the glucagon tolerance test. There were some issues with the glucagon tolerance test according to Fernandes (1969). This test had some issues in diagnosing liver disease because it showed that some patients had high rise in blood glucose levels. This was an issue because many normal and healthy children have high levels of blood glucose and since some of the patients they were testing were children, the results were inconclusive and could not necessarily determine if that patient had any liver glycogen diseases. So it was decided that this test only gave good results if it was used on older patients to whom they could dictate if their blood glucose levels were too high compared to a healthy adult, which would then determine if they had liver glycogen disease. Also this test could be performed after the patient performed a long fast, in order to lower their blood glucose levels. This fast is commonly eight

Diabetes can be detected and monitored with the utilization of an A1C test. This test shows an individual’s average blood glucose levels from the past two or three months. Patients diagnosed with diabetes are required to take this test regularly to ensure that their blood glucose levels have been maintained within their intended targets. Patients susceptible to diabetes may also utilize this test to detect the presence of diabetes or prediabetes. Prediabetes is the condition in which blood sugar levels are high, but not high enough to be classified as Type 2 diabetes. The normal range of blood glucose levels when fasting is about 100, between 70 and 99 before meals and under 140 after meals. When blood sugar levels fall outside of these ranges, an individual

Monitoring Blood Glucose Levels Maintaining normal blood glucose levels greatly reduces the risk of experiencing complications due to diabetes. Whether an individual has Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, regular use of a glucose monitor to determine blood sugar levels will help determine what adjustments to diet, oral medications, or insulin injections may be necessary to achieve good control. What's Glucose?

The term ‘’Carbohydrates’’ is defined as the carbon compounds which contains hydroxyl groups in large quantities (King, 2013). Carbohydrates are those organic compounds which have the empirical formula CnH2nOn, or (CH2O)n (Fromm 1997). Carbohydrates are one of the four types of organic compounds in living cells that are produces during photosynthesis and are the important source of energy in both plants and animals (Ahmed 2014). They are built from monosaccharides. These monosacchradies are the small molecules that consists of three to nine carbon atoms and differ in size and in the stereochemical configuration at one or more carbon centers. The simplest carbohydrates also contain either an aldehyde or ketone compounds (freeman 2002). Carbohydrates are classified as simple and complex carbohydrates. The classification of carbohtdydrates is based on the chemical structure of the food and how fast it absorbs. Simple carbohydrates contains single or double sugars in their chemical structure whereas complex carbohydrates consists of three or more sugars (ahmed 2014). There are four major types of carbohydrates depending on their chemical composition.