A Health Belief Model

Active smoking and disease relationship was first studied as case-control studies in Germany during 1939 and 1943which revealed a strong association between active smoking and lung cancer [1]. After that large number of studies were conducted which established relationship of tobacco smoke with

It has been proven that smoking is the cause of 30% of general cancer deaths and 80% of lung cancer deaths in the U.S. Lung cancer has also been found to be the biggest cause of cancer deaths among breast cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. This year alone, 190,500 of about 600,900 cancer deaths will be caused by smoking tobacco. This means that one in every three cancer patients will die due to tobacco products. In fact, smoking tobacco caused such high amounts of lung cancer that tobacco companies are legally required to include a surgeon general’s warning that outlines the potential of developing cancer on their packaging. The numbers and warnings of smoking-related lung cancer can be seen everywhere from statistics to the companies themselves being held liable for the illnesses their products

The consumption of cigarettes negatively impact the health of smokers and nonsmokers exposed. In this section we will focus in the negative heath effects of consumption in smokers. The consequences of tobacco consumption to the health appeared in the early twentieth century. there are published thousands of articles and reviews of this theme and show us that smoking is related with alterations in all organs and systems.

Smoking tobacco is well known to assist the body with creating cancer cells. Also loss of blood circulation leading to gangrene, hair loss, yellowing of fingernails and bad breath are only some of the health risks associated with first person smoking. These health risks can also apply to second hand smokers which

According to statistics in the 20th century the world over 100 million people died of tobacco-related diseases. However, the proportion of smokers has not decreased, or even increased due to the limited understanding of the harmful effects of tobacco smoke, knowledge is limited.

Tobacco consumption is the number one cause of preventable deaths in the United States. In the United States, cigarette smoking is responsible for more than 480,000 deaths per year. That is around one in five deaths annually only because of smoking. On an average, the person who smokes dies ten years earlier than a non-smoker. These statistics are not mere numbers but speak about the gravity of the situation. The United States government should portray a more negative view on Tabaco to save the lives of many people worldwide (Centre for Disease and Prevention, second paragraph).

Smoking is injurious to health and a preventable cause of premature death. In the U.S.; it is estimated that one in each five adults smoke currently and about 480,000 people die prematurely from diseases caused by smoking or secondhand smoke exposure. (CDC tobacco use). The economic burden of tobacco use is also significant. About $100 billion per year is spent in medical expenses and another $100 billion per year in lost productivity. There is no safe level of smoking

The American Heart Association reports an even gloomier number, “Cigarette smoking is the most important preventable cause of premature death in the United States. It accounts for more than 440,000 of the more than 2.4 million annual deaths. Cigarette smokers have a higher risk of developing a number of chronic disorders. (AHA, 2005).

In the community assessment of San Fernando valley part, A, it was mentioned that there are many chronic illnesses such as heart disease, asthma, diabetes and obesity that are caused by poor health management, high cost of healthcare and inadequate knowledge of the disease. One factor that could cause these chronic diseases is the Tobacco usage among adults. According to Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017), Smoking may cause cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, diabetes and COPD which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

According to the Healthy People 2020, each year, approximately 480,000 Americans die from tobacco-related illnesses. Further, more than 16 million Americans suffer from at least one disease caused by smoking. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). The effect of cigarette smoking is alarming. Use of tobacco in the form of smoking is not only dangerous to the one who is smoking but also to a non-smoker. Tobacco harms a human physically and mentally. Major cause of lung cancer is smoking. It is important to prevent the use of tobacco because it is the largest preventable cause of diseases and death in the United States. According to Chin, Hong, Gillen, Bates and Okechukwu (2012) Blue-collar workers smoke at higher rates than white-collar workers and

Another huge tobacco-related health problem is secondhand smoke. It is known to cause approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths and 35,000 heart disease deaths in nonsmokers each year. By definition it is a mixture of smoke given off by the burning end of tobacco products and the smoke exhaled by smokers. Secondhand smoke contains over 4,000

Smoking causes an increased risk of stroke, heart attack, aneurysm, and coronary heart disease (NIDA, 2012). It has been linked to a third of all cancer deaths with cigarette smoking being responsible for about 90% of all lung cancer cases (NIDA, 2012; NCI, 2014). Non-smokers living with a smoker also develop a 20 to 30 percent increased risk of developing lung cancer (NCI, 2014). Tobacco is the leading cause of lung diseases including pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, emphysema (NIDA, 2012). Tobacco use during pregnancy further increases the risk of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancies, premature birth, low birth weight, and other long term health consequences (NCI, 2014). In Hawaii, 1,200 lives are lost each year due to tobacco-related mortality (CDC, 2011; DOH,

Although it remains a large portion of the U.S’ economy, tobacco smoking can lead to a variety of diseases and disorders that affect the user. The effects of smoking tobacco not only affect the user but surrounding people as well: permanently destroying their lungs and children, increasing the chances of diseases and of cancer.

Tobacco product is considered a potential hazard for health. According to Surgeon General’s Report (2014), more than 480,000 people die every year any many more suffer from dangerous diseases due to smoking, in United States of America itself. Additionally, many people are dying because of tobacco than Human immune deficiency virus (HIV), Illegal drug and Alcohol use, car accident, and Firearm-related incidents combined (Center for Diseases and Control

In the century before us, over 100 million died from smoking tobacco. Tobacco is killing adults at a record rate and is ruining public health. “Chronic diseases and conditions—such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and arthritis—are among the most common, costly, and preventable of all health problems.” (CDC.Gov) Tobacco use is a main factor that causes chronic diseases. Three-Fourths of health care spending was used to treat chronic diseases. Studies show that 1/2 of adult smokers die early due to diseases formed from tobacco. While smoking tobacco is dangerous to health so is other people inhaling that smoke. Tobacco smoke has over 4000 chemicals. Second hand smoke is causing healthy people to develop cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and causing infants to die. Studies show that around 1/2 of kids breathe in tobacco polluted air. Over 900,000 deaths a year is credited to second hand smoke. The right to breathe in tobacco free air should be guaranteed.