A Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation (Hmiem) for Sport

While participating in a sport requires a great deal of time and energy, many people have neglected the ways sports can provide a healthier lifestyle and anticipate them as a complicated which can result in delicate lives. As generations change so do people's mindsets. People have

Growing up many of us knew the importance of sports and recreational activities and how they benefit both physical health and mental health. Our parents, school teachers, the media, and even our childhood sporting hero’s told the importance of sports and how it can keep us fit and healthy.

One obstacle the subject sometime faces is her confidence. When she is not motivated at a training session, it frustrates her and she begins to temporarily lack motivation. This causes her to have thoughts of making excuses to stop training. However, when the thought of making excuses appears, she ignores them, finds the strength to push forward, and completes her tasks. Finishing tasks in difficult circumstances reveals a strong intrinsic motivation on her part.

Motivation in sports is why people do what they do. It is also the direction and intensity of one’s effort and determination to achieve. The more motivated one is, the more likely one is to succeed.

The present review will analyze and critique five empirical sport psychology-related research articles. Moreover, the discussion of each article will include which statistical method was used, why it was used, and whether or not it was appropriate for the data. In addition, the article discussion will include a description and possible critique of the author’s interpretations of the results.

It is my job as a coach to help develop athletes physically, psychologically, and socially while helping them have fun by playing a sport. I will do this by being enthusiastic and having a positive attitude in practice, games, and while not coaching. This cooperative approach to coaching will create a sense of community within the team I coach, and the athletes will feel more welcome to discuss their thoughts, ideas, questions, and concerns with me. Creating this setting and relationships with athletes will only benefit the team by creating a team culture necessary for the well-being and success of high school sports’ teams. Success in sports means accomplishing goals set by the team, not winning. Winning is important, but just striving to win is even more vital toward the success of teams. As a coach, I will also be a motivator for athletes. Athletes will see me come to practice with a positive attitude, displaying my passion. This is the beginning of how I will motivate athletes. Motivation starts with my attitude, and athletes pick up on this. In order to motivate and want to be motivated, there must be a reason, a why? I will use the teams’ goals they will set, in order to motivate them to give their best effort in order to achieve success by reaching their

The beneficial aspects of participating in sports are often noted but there is another side that cannot be ignored. Mental health issues among elite athletes is a topic of increasing interest and public awareness. Sport-related factors such as injury, overtraining and failure in competition are showing to influence the prevalence of mental health issues in elite athletes. Whatever the cause or reason mental health issues and concerns cannot be ignored. High performance athletes need to be provided with mental health support, despite the negative stigma of mental health issues and the concept of mental toughness in athletes. In the past, there has been a “widespread assumption has existed within the sporting world that only emotionally and mentally strong athletes are able to complete at the highest levels. Psychological disorders, such as depression, were thought to infrequently occur among elite athletes” (Hammond et al, 2013, pg.276) There may actually be an increased risk for mental health issues in athletes as they are less likely to; seek treatment, reveal symptoms, are more accustomed to work through pain, fear of showing signs of weakness and may not have developed healthy coping mechanisms to deal with failure. In addition, many athletes have not developed their identity outside of being an athlete and therefore if this role is threatened by injury or illness, they may experience a significant sense of loss. Treating a psychological ailment in athletes should be given as much importance as treating a physical

As a Physical Education teacher of Year 9 and 10 students, it is important to take steps to achieve prolonged participation in sport. The experience that a student has in HPE is likely to determine whether that student continues to participate in sport both at school and once they graduate (Penney, 2006). Wahl-Alexander (2011) found that students’ strongest memories from physical education were from authentic and rich sport experiences resulting from Sport Education (Siedentop & Tannehill, 2006). Sport Education aims to ensure the unit is delivered in a way that mimics an actual sport season, which has many

Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. For an athlete, motivation can be the difference between waking up at 5:00 a.m. to go for a mile run versus sleeping in. It could be the difference between putting in an extra set of reps in the weight room versus going to the mall with friends. It could be putting in extra time at practice versus going on a date. Motivation is necessary to augment ability. It’s extremely important because one will face tests from fatigue, pain, boredom and outside desires that will challenge the athlete’s focus on becoming the best they can be. Motivation is the center of success, it can be thought of as a tree with the other factors being branches that stem from motivation. It will effect the mental aspects of game preparation, the physical aspects of nutrition, conditioning and sleep. Finally, it will affect the coaching side in terms of training. Some athletes can get through high school and college off size and athleticism.

Our thoughts, diet/nutrition, exercise, rest, environment and physiology have a positive or negative impact on us which affects how well we perform and feel. In the world of sports, this is very easy to demonstrate because the mind/body connection provides you with immediate feedback. When you are positive, your performance excels. When you are negative, your performance is adversely affected. With various types of distress, or

Following motivation comes confidence, confidence in ability, confidence in rehabilitation, confidence in family and friends

Summary of an Article: A Qualitative Analysis of the Types of Goals Athletes Set in Training and Competition

For this question, part of my answer was right, I just did not select the most correct right answer. However, while taking the test I did not believe that talk to others who know the athletes and exercisers would truly allow the clinician to understand the needs of the student athlete since facts can be falsified. Nevertheless, the book directly states that all answers listed can help find out what motivates people. Ref. Ch. 3 pg. 72

202 were boys and 79 were girls. They had a mean age of 13.67 years and ages ranged from 11 to 18. Participants played soccer for an average of 6.76 years and were attached to their club for an average of 3.47 years. Parents’ consent was permitted and the questionnaire was given in a training session. Responses were made on a 7-point scale from 1 to7, not true at all to very true.” Athletes were questioned on 8 items involving structure and 8 items on autonomy support. Then athletes were also asked about their basic need satisfaction. They had 10 items on their satisfaction of autonomy, 5 items on competence, and 5 items on relatedness. Lastly, they were given 5 items on engagement and disaffection. Structure, autonomy support, behavioral engagement, and behavioral disaffection were all measured as weighted linear composites of scale items using the partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) algorithm in XLSTAT. Basic psychological need satisfaction was also measured as the weighted linear composite of autonomy, competence, and relatedness using the same set

Intrinsic Motivation has been experimented on for years and in order to prove its validity. Regarding athletics, intrinsic motivation is defined as “an athlete taking up playing a sport just for the enjoyment of playing a sport” (Pelletier et al., 1995). In an article published by Ryan & Deci, the two argue that through their research, it was proven that having intrinsic motivation will help engage an athlete because of the feeling of competence that arises