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Essay on A History of the 714th Tank Battalion

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A History of the 714th Tank Battalion, 1942-45

The men of the 714th Tank Battalion served their country in its greatest time of need. A key element of the 12th Armored Division, the 714th fought in harsh conditions against a desperate German enemy for five consecutive months, driving the Nazi Armies from France and back into the German heartland.

The 12th Armored Division was activated on 15 September 1942 at a freshly built Camp Campbell, Kentucky, and soldiers from across the nation began arriving to fill the division's ranks on 24 October 1942. The governors of both Kentucky and Tennessee participated in the activation ceremonies, in which Major General Carlos Brewer was named commander of the forming division.

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Here they learned to do low-level maintenance on their equipment, while conditioning themselves by long, forced marches and competitive athletic programs within the 12th Armored Division.

The 12th Armored began division-sized maneuvers on 27 April 1943, and Camp Campbell was used on the 16th and 17th of July, 1943, to stage the Division's first corps level problem with the IV Corps, Second Army. The 12th Armored had been assigned to IV Corps the previous month.

In August 1943 the 12th Armored Division executed two exercises in preparation for the Tennessee Maneuvers, which were to start in September. The first was a crossing of the Cumberland River, an amphibious operation lasting approximately four days. The second exercise, involving four days of air-ground tactical training, developed upon the Division's return to Camp Campbell The various units of the 12th Armored began to move south for the Tennessee Maneuvers on 3 September 1943. The 12th participated in eight of the Tennessee Maneuvers' operations, which lasted from 6 September to the first of November, 1943.

After the Tennessee Maneuvers the Division was reassigned to Camp Barkeley, Texas, and ordered to streamline its forces. Major General Carlos Brewer removed the regimental organizations in the division, and replaced them with smaller, self-supporting battalions. The smaller battalions were preferred over regimental

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