A Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines

In A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines the story is mainly focused on Grant Wiggins; one of the main characters. In the very beginning of the story we learn that Grant is in a very depressed and unhappy state of mind. He doesn’t appreciate where his education led him; teaching at the quarter on the plantation he grew up on. Grant faces a reality where nothing changes, he feels helpless in his community where white people hold the power. When Jefferson, a family friend of Grant’s gets compared to a “hog” on trial and sentenced to death by electrocution, Grant believes that this proverse cycle will never end. When Miss Emma and Tante Lou insist that Grant visits Jefferson so he believes he is a man and not a hog, Grant is angered and has

A Lesson Before Dying is an Ernest Gaines’ novel, published 1993. Gaines sets the novel in a period after the World War II and before the African-American Civil Rights Movement. The black Americans were free from slavery at that time, but they still got oppressed and segregated from the white Americans. In the novel, Gaines demonstrates many forms of oppression and racism against the black characters, especially the two main characters, Jefferson and Grant. Jefferson is convicted of robbery and murder and sentenced to death. Along the novel, Grant helps Jefferson find his human dignity before Jefferson is executed. Meanwhile, Grant has to figure out his love for his community. Both of them would not accomplish this mission without the women

Throughout his trial, his defense attorney constantly disparaged him. Jefferson’s defense was based on the premise that he did not have the intelligence to commit such a serious crime. In an effort to portray him as an barbarian, Jefferson’s lawyer refused to refer him as a human being. He referred to him as “boy, fool and hog” and contented that these qualities were “inherited from his ancestors in the deepest jungles of Africa” (Gaines 7). This is what the majority of Whites thought of Jefferson and black people in general. Instead of giving him a genuine defense, Jefferson’s lawyer continued to dehumanize him throughout the trial. He even compared his execution to the killing of a hog. Fighting for his freedom by accepting that he is an ignoramus or expressing his humanity were the two difficult options Jefferson had.

In a white dominated community, African Americans are seen as meager and are restricted to this stereotype. Even if they manage to break free from this stereotype, they would still be associated with it. There is nothing that they can do to be perceived as an equivalent to the white men. Ed Piacentino mentions in “‘The Common Humanity That Is in Us All’: Toward Racial Reconciliation in Gaines’s A Lesson before Dying” that Jefferson’s trial is full of biased white men, “who [have] no respect for blacks and who [perpetuate] the belief of [their] white forebears that African Americans, as Grant puts it, are ‘only three-fifths human’”(1). Because of their perceptions of African Americans, the result has already been instilled in their mind from the beginning. Jefferson never had a chance of proving himself innocent because the way African Americans are conventionalized

One of the many challenges associated with writing is that of writing style. It can help highlight the work when used effectively, or the opposite, if used ineffectively. Some have an intuitive grasp on matter while others struggle. In his book “A Lesson Before Dying”, author Ernest J. Gaines effectively conveys his story through his stylistic choices. He does this through Jefferson’s diary in chapter 29, Grant’s observations and thoughts throughout the story, and the “third-person" perspective of chapter 30. These things elevate the immersion of the story and gives further insight into what Gaines is trying to convey.

“You don’t get to choose how you’re going to die and when, you can only decide how you are going to live”. (Joan Baez). In the novel A Lesson Before Dying, written by Ernest J. Gaines, Jefferson doesn’t get to choose how and when he’s going to die, but he learns valuable lessons from Grant about how to live the rest of his life. This novel takes place in Bayonne, Louisiana, in the late 1940s. Jefferson is a twenty-one-year-old uneducated black man, who is accused of a robbery and murder that he did not commit. Unfortunately, the conviction led to his death by execution. While he is in jail, Jefferson’s grandmother wants him to die a hero, so she turns to Grant Wiggins, a black teacher at the local plantation school. During his time in

From the very beginning, when Jefferson is convicted for a murder he did not commit, and all throughout the novel, prejudice is present. The most inherent racism in the trial comes from Jefferson’s defense attorney. While arguing for Jefferson’s release he states, “What you see here is a thing that acts on command. A thing to hold the handle of a plow, a thing to load your bales of cotton, a thing to dig your ditches, to chop your wood, to pull your corn”(Gaines 8). This description of Jefferson strongly resembles that of a slave. The attorney undoubtedly is racist and tries to defend Jefferson in the murder case by depicting him as incapable of planning a murder. He argues that Jefferson deserves mercy on the grounds that he is more similar to a hog than to a man. This statement not only shatters the bit of dignity Jefferson has but also devastates his godmother, Miss Emma. Grant agrees to Miss Emma’s request that he “educate” Jefferson because he wants Jefferson to the fight racism in their community. As Grant tells Jefferson, when

In the novel A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines, racism and prejudice are clearly evident and talked about throughout the novel. The novel expresses the oppression of the blacks under a white-ruled society through the narrator, Grant. Grant is a well-educated black man who struggles to free himself from the oppression he has felt from the white community. Despite the fact that he is educated and a teacher, he initially lacks the vigor needed to take the first step against black discrimination. He has all this intellect, but does not realize until later on that it is not only intelligence he needs to overcome the oppression, but self-assertion, too. Education does not prove your intellectual worth in society; rather, it is what you do during difficult times that define your intelligence and strong character not just to yourself, but to the world.

While we all would agree that racism is immoral and has no place in a modern society, that was not the case in the U.S. in the 1940s. At the time African Americans were treated as second-class citizens, it was made near-impossible for them to vote, and they were discriminated in many ways including in education, socially and in employment. It was a time in which segregation and racism perforated the laws and society, a time in which African Americans were “separate but equal,” segregation was legal and in full force. Apartheid was also everywhere from the books to in society. Blacks were not truly seen as equal as they were seen the the lesser of the two and it very much felt that way. Blacks were oppressed in many ways including having

I found A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines a deeply moving novel, which kept me on the edge of my seat and had a hard time putting down. The novel explores various themes and concepts that surround the education system, filled with multiple emotional moments, conflicts, and surprising moments scattered throughout the storyline. However, the novel does not just focus on the education system and its underlying issues, but it also focuses on human transformation, where the emotional moments, conflicts, and surprising moments of the novel were most evident. Although the novel raises some important issues and concerns that should be taken more considerably about the education system, human transformation that comes around as a result of love, is an overarching theme that stood out to me throughout the novel.

Walter’s appeals were denied and despite many desperate arguments by Bryan in his defense, the court was not changing their mind. He soon hired Michael, an assisting attorney and former heroin addict. With their investigations, they discovered that Bill Hooks was paid by the sheriff to provide false testimony and plenty more incriminating evidence that only proved that Walter was innocent. Out of nowhere, Ralph Meyers contacted Bryan and wanted to talk to him. When Bryan got to the prison, Ralph admitted his whole testimony was a lie, and that he was threatened the death penalty by the police if he did not testify against Walter. He also admitted that he did not actually know anything about the murder of the woman, and only decided to come

The setting in a book can affect how the reader views and understands the novel. The setting is a very important part of a book, whether it is important the setting stays the same in the book, or if the storyline is flexible enough that the setting can change. In the book “A Lesson Before Dying”, the setting is very important to the storyline. In this case, the storyline is not flexible enough to be set at any other time, than the 1940’s. It is very important it is set during this time because the views and understanding of race back then, makes a huge contribution to the understanding of the novel. The fact that Jefferson is treated differently and looked at differently

The prejudice in Tom’s trial is also visible by the segregated seating arrangements of the whites and the blacks in the courthouse. The portrayed segregation not only takes place at the Maycomb court of law but had appeared through out the novel in all aspects of Maycomb life. This segregation is illustrated by Harper Lee through imagery and is strengthened through the realist aspect of the novel. The author shows prejudice through this segregation by revealing the two contrasting places where the ‘white and blacks’ lived and even where they went to separate churches. The author paints a vivid picture of the blacks living in a ghetto

The book takes place in the 1940s in mostly the plantation outside of Bayonne, Louisiana, and parts of the book take place in Bayonne, Louisiana. Bayonne is a larger town of about six thousand with all services and buildings for whites uptown, and all those for blacks in the back of town. There were schools, movie theaters, and nightclubs in both the white and black sides of town, but the

Elizabeth Kübler-Ross was a Swiss-born psychiatrist who spent two years of her professional career gathering information from terminally ill patients to create the premise for On Death and Dying. “It is not meant to be a textbook on how to manage dying patients, nor is it intended as a complete study of the psychology of dying.” (Kübler-Ross, 1969). This book was written as a call-to-action; to raise awareness of the voice of the dying. Not only is there stigma surrounding the topic, but also numerous misconceptions concerning the emotional journey of the terminally ill. The Kübler-Ross Model creates a framework for those interacting with dying persons, to help caretakers better understand the transitions that are taking place, resulting in higher-quality care. This model is comprised of five stages, which can be experienced in a variety of combinations. Prior to the first stage, the patient must be delivered the news of their illness or the severity of their illness, which usually results in shock. Denial is the first stage noted by Kübler-Ross. Denial and isolation are normal responses to overwhelming emotions and serve as a temporary response until the individual is ready to accept reality. Although this defense mechanism is normative, it is important to note that it isn’t necessarily healthy, and that some never move past this stage. As reality sets in, pain beings to emerge and manifests itself in the next stage: anger. Rationality takes a