A Major Platform Of The Indigenismo Movement

Convinced of the superiority of Catholicism to all other religions, Spain insisted that the primary goal of colonization was to save the Indians from heathenism and prevent them from falling under the sway of Protestantism. The aim was neither to exterminate nor to remove the Indians, but to transform them into obedient Christian subjects of the crown. To the Spanish colonizers, the large native populations of the Americas were not only souls to be saved but also a labor force to be organized to extract gold and silver that would enrich their mother country. Las Casas’ writings and the abuses they exposed contributed to the spread of the Black Legend-the image of Spain as a uniquely brutal and exploitative colonizer. This would provide of a potent justification for other European powers to challenge Spain’s predominance in the New World.

He also portrays the natives with lucid terms so as to shed an innocent light on them in an attempt to instill into his readers why it is so wrong for the Indians to be treated as they are by the Europeans.

Caminero-Santangelo, Marta. 2007. On Latinidad: U.S. Latino Literature and the Construction of Ethnicity. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.

Demetria Martínez’s Mother Tongue is divided into five sections and an epilogue. The first three parts of the text present Mary/ María’s, the narrator, recollection of the time when she was nineteen and met José Luis, a refuge from El Salvador, for the first time. The forth and fifth parts, chronologically, go back to her tragic experience when she was seven years old and then her trip to El Salvador with her son, the fruit of her romance with José Luis, twenty years after she met José Luis. And finally the epilogue consists a letter from José Luis to Mary/ María after her trip to El Salvador. The essay traces the development of Mother Tongue’s principal protagonists, María/ Mary. With a close reading of the text, I argue how the forth

Ramon Gutierrez’s When Jesus Came, The Corn Mothers Went Away is an exploration of the merging of Spanish, Franciscan and Pueblo Indian cultures throughout Spain's “frontier” in its colonial American empire before Anglo contact. Gutierrez builds a foundation for his analysis by discussing Pueblo Indian life prior to outside contact, Franciscan theology, and the class structure of Spanish communities in each of its respective book sections. He examines meanings of the cultural interactions of gift exchange, ownership, trade, sexual rights, labor, kinship, social status, religious beliefs, and honor among many others using marriage as a window. His interpretation of the complex cultural meanings of marriage illustrates the ways in which the

In my analysis of this novel, The Adventure of Don Chipote or, When Parrots Breast-Feed by Daniel Venegas, I kept in mind that Nicolás Kanellos put great effort into getting this novel circulated in Spanish and in English. Kanellos argues that Spanish-language immigrant novels more accurately present the “evils” of American society such as oppression of the immigrant workers and deconstructs the myth of the American Dream, which permeates in English-language ethnic autobiographies. I believe Kanellos felt so passionately about circulating this particular novel was due to the fact that in Venegas’ novel we see clear representations of the three U.S. Hispanic cultures that Kanellos presents which are the native, the immigrant, and the exile cultures.

From Reséndez’s foundation of European enslavement and its far-reaching impact on Native American populations, Reséndez examined racial components in the southwest. It is impossible to separate racial tension from the study of Indian slavery. Christopher Columbus’s journals as contemporary letters show the Spanish perception of

Again, the story shows lots of examples in how the Sandoval family had to go through many discriminating acts. At the end of the Story Mariana, daughter of Pete, Granddaughter of Neftali falls in love with an Anglo Rich boy who never learned to accept Mariana because she was Mexican. Society has characterized Mexican Americans as unintelligent, dirty, and lazy people, therefor seeing an Anglo male with a Mexican girl was not common, and even if one did not think that at the time, Anglos were still embarrassed to be seen interacting with Mexicans, which could potentially degrade their name. Marianas Boyfriend David makes Mariana get an abortion on chapter seven, promising her a future; even though, Striver was planning on leaving Mariana after the abortion and planned to start a new life. This part of the story is absolutely saddening because Mariana died, thinking Stiver loved her, and was going to have a future with her. Mariana is not one only unfortunate girl who had this happen to her, but a Mexican woman during this era was only seen for maids, prostitutes, factory/field workers, or simply nothing. This shows the indifference Mexican American woman had to face, which was much different that Anglo woman.

In this Chapter I feel that Anzaldua is trying to get the reader to understand the differences and atruggles amongst cultures. The clash of cultures results in mental and emotional confusion. Living inbetween more than one culture, you often get opposing messages from these cultures. Sometimes when living within the Chicana culture common white beleifs conflict with the beleifs of the Mexican culture. They both hold beleifs of the indifinous peopel and their culture. It creates a problem that the dominant cultures views and beleifs are defiant to the others. This is very wrong because it creats the problem of one being superior to the other. This especially relates to the Mexican culture and white culture. This creates the assimilation problem when one culture is not accepted or considered below another.

“RG,” the entitled chapter of Oscar Casares’ Brownsville, presents a unique perspective of the division of culture and social respect that exists between Anglos and Hispanics within the Borderland communities. Moreover, throughout the analyzed passage, RG, the narrator, critiques his neighbor’s physical and macho appearance while simultaneously justifying his criticism to the audience. Furthermore, it becomes apparent throughout the paragraph that the narrator’s selected words are like weapons of “sharpen blades” (Casares 28) that are utilized to protect him from readers. The passage’s use of tone along with metaphorical concepts and sentence structures assists the unravelment of a deeper philosophical meaning within the narrator’s wording.

For centuries, religion has formed the backbone of society, perhaps even prior to the coining of the term. In many ways, religion influences the actions of its participants, however, it also forms their outlook on life and their worldview. Out of its several influences, the change principally affects their moral sense. Nonetheless, while religion influences its pious members, these individuals simultaneously go on to impact their neighbors. From the Christians’ zeal which initiated the Crusades, to the Buddhists’ radical introduction to peaceful protest, all have left their mark on history.

While these three faiths were co-existing, they were not doing so tolerantly. As the state reached times of economic disarray, Christianity, Catholicism namely, rose to the forefront of the state as the answer to the problems. The Catholics claimed that God was punishing society for their sinfulness and urging everyone to return to God. While persecutions in the centuries before the Inquisition had forced many Jews to convert, any person with a relation to the Jewish faith was still to blame in the eyes of the Christians. Even those who had been baptized into the Christian church, thus becoming known as “conversos,” were held under speculation as contributors to the disarray in society.

In the 1970’s a radical movement called “liberation theology” developed in South America. It said that the church should try to bring social change by allying with the working class. Some priests understood this as joining unions and revolutionary movements. The Church was supposed to use the example of Jesus to create a fair society and help those in poverty. One of the sayings of the liberation theologians was, “If Jesus Christ were on Earth today, He would be a Marxist revolutionary.”

Karl Marx’s theory of religion works well with the film Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. One of the major motifs in the movie is religious oppression of the proletarian class through stones, which could be considered to be the power of the people. Both the Bourgeois and Proletarians exist in the movie; it is clear that the classes are treated differently, most of this has to do with religion. Marx’s theory of religion is not only exuded in the film but, is practically a perfect example of Marx’s ideas on communism.

In the book Age Of Reason, Tomas shares his and analysis on religion, mainly the, Christian and church. There is no the great and influence that these three have had on the of societies the. Pain argues that, to develop and hierarchy in and, have made up all religions. The churches do this by an authoritative truth about life that is in books that have been written by people on the word of authoritative truth is the only truth for those who truly faith in such, and to challenge it or even question it is challenging the word of god. Therefore, those who loyally practice their religion are unswervingly giving up their personal freedom to think and without worry of challenging their church’s authority; and have