A Critical Analysis of Irony in “A Modest Proposal” by Jonathan Swift Jonathan Swift was an Anglo-Irish essayist, political pamphleteer, satirist and poet. He wrote numerous works, many of which dealt with Irish/British political tensions and religious issues. His best known works include “Gulliver's Travels” (1726) and “A Modest Proposal” (1729). In “A Modest Proposal” Jonathan Swift proposes an ironic solution to a social and ethical problem by saying the opposite of what he means. The title of the essay is often shortened in student texts to “A Modest Proposal” but the entire tittle is “A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland from Being a Burden to Their Parents or the Country, and for Making Them Beneficial …show more content…
He can make statements that would seem to be purely economic without seeming to realize the awful nature of it to satire the lack of concern which the rich have for the problems of the poor. Jonathan Swift ironically said with ease the skin of those thrifty children can be perfectly used like leaner to make “admirable gloves for ladies and summer boots for fine gentlemen” as if wearing human skin gloves or summer boots were something common, normal, and simple. He represented the use of babies’ skin as fancy by addressing those boots only for fine gentlemen. An ironic statement in “A Modest Proposal”, is when the speaker, Jonathan Swift balks at the idea of eating teenagers because is “bordering upon cruelty”, while at the same time he says “that a healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled” as saying eating babies was not upon cruelty, but eating teenagers was. In one of the most ironic statements in “A Modest Proposal”, the speaker, Jonathan Swift balks at the idea of eating teenagers because is “bordering upon cruelty”, while at the same time he says “that a healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled” as saying eating babies was not upon cruelty, but eating teenagers was. Swift clarified his own thoughts about his …show more content…
Irony means the expression of a meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or empathic effect. Swift starts his sense of irony at the tittle by presenting his proposal as modest, when is not. Swift also made his essay humorous because the propose to this essay is actually to entertain the rich and by proposing the idea of selling and eating babies make people realize the rich live at the expense of the poor. Even though his proposal could work no one can take it seriously because is the most inhuman and denaturalized propose someone could ever propose. No one could ever think about his solution of eating babies and realize those solutions could possibly work and make the economy grow, stop hungriness and decrease overpopulation, because is just not rational to think of those disagreeable and cruel acts would bring greatness and success to Ireland. This irony is clearly demonstrated at the end of the story; Swift makes it clear that this proposal would not affect him since his children were grown and his wife unable to have any more children. It would be rather absurd to think that a rational man would want to both propose this and partake in the eating of another human
Modest Proposal” by Jonathan Swift is an example of satirical writing. Satire means using humour to attack an idea or behaviour, ridiculing people or institution to effect change. Modest Proposal was written in 1729 in order to shock English society to be more aware of the unjust of politics towards the Irish community. Swift talks about the poverty-stricken Irish parents who cannot find close to decent jobs to support their kids, but they have to spend their time begging at passer-by for something to be able to feed their kids, whom eventually grow up to become thieves or emigrants. His solution to the extreme poverty is to render the children of Ireland from the poorer families and offer them to the richer families as food. By offering their
Swift when faced with a humanitarian crisis, a tyrannical English Empire, and a strong divide between social classes, uses his pent up agitation to develop a piece of satire which both compels and shocks those who read his work. “A Modern Proposal” is centered around the idea of cannibalism. In Swift’s reformation of Irish society a new division of laborers would be created labeled “breeders”. These “breeders” would raise infants to the ripe age of one, and then sell them to the wealthy to be slaughtered, served and possibly made into apparel. Throughout his proposal Swift uses comic juxtaposition and grotesque elements to further convey his criticism of Ireland. By comparing the lower class breeders and their children to animals, Swift uses comic juxtaposition to hone in on the notion that the impoverished people in society have long been denied the humanity the wealthy pride themselves on. No longer being seen as meaningful, important human beings, the poor are left begging for the respect that comes with money. Pregnant woman seen as being mere vessels for produce in his imaginary world, are compared to cows saying “Men would become as fond of their wives during the time of their pregnancy as they are now of their mares in foal, their cows in calf, their sows when they are ready to Farrow” (5). By linking together items which normally do not go together, Swift is able to divulgue into the responsibilities and vulnerabilities associated with womanhood. Swift futher’s his
In the story To Kill a Mockingbird, there are many characters. The antagonist, Mayella Ewell, had many conflicts with the amount of power she had. Her power is greatly debated on. Power is defined as having control of your life, and being able to control others around you. While Mayella is white, she does not have much power at all. Mayella is a poor, young lady who lives on the wrong side of town, which hurts how much of a say she has in her life decisions because of where she lives. The story takes place in Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930’s. Women did not have rights, and the rich were the ruling class. Mayella is involved in a trial where Tom Robinson is wrongfully accused of raping her. During this time period, the Great Depression was going on, so there were more poor than rich. The three leading factors of power are class, gender, and race.
Jonathan Swift constructs a ridiculous essay which he titled “A Modest Proposal”. He wrote this proposal to illustrate how backward the economy and standard of living are in Ireland, but also how his proposal could improve the economy and standard of living for the Irish people. Swift proposes that the babies of the poor will help the wealthy of Ireland, these babies will be used to supplement their food source by being eaten. Now they will no longer be a burden on society but now they will help contribute to the feeding of society. Swift makes this proposal because of Ireland’s current sub standard living standards. Within his proposal Swift is offering a way to rid the county of its excess children and in turn using them to contribute to society so they do not “grow up either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native
In Jonathan Swift’s “A Modest Proposal” written in 1729, he writes of the hardships faced by the lower class and proposes a solution to help it out. Living in Ireland, Swift witnessed many hardships suffered among the poor, such as stealing and begging. However, not too far away, the British royalty was living a lavish lifestyle, and by doing so, it was sucking the life out of the poor. Jonathan Swift saw this enormous unbalance of wealth and wanted to do something about it. Therefore, in his article, “A Modest Proposal”, Swift’s aims to publicly humiliate the rich by demonstrating how they always take from the poor. Meanwhile, the author is also trying to anger the lower class in order to get those living in it to stand up to the wealthy
In Jonathan Swift’s, The Lady’s Dressing Room and A Modest Proposal, Swift implements a satirical persona of identities, may it be, a concerned economist who suggests that children be traded as food to the wealthy in order to elevate the public good within society or a distraught man in the midst of a lady’s dressing room rationalizing a woman’s moral appearance, Swift's satirical personality lies within the persona of the sympathetic-cruelties of his own moral society and opinions. Throughout both texts, Swift’s arguments and satirical claims are both supported throughout the methods and techniques of metaphorical language, irony, structure and imagery. Swift satirizes these techniques within the irony of both these texts as he is able to
In the satire essay “A Modest Proposal” by Jonathan Swift, he talks about great ideas for controlling the population of poor people in Ireland. His idea involved eating the children of the poor to help relieve them of the extra burden of caring for a child. He does a great job poking fun at a subject some might find touchy. His skills in satirical writing clearly shine through his great essay. Jonathan Swift was the author who best used writing craft to convey meaning because of his skills in reversal, incongruity, and exaggeration.
In his biting political satire called ?A Modest Proposal,? Jonathan Swift seeks to create empathy for the poor through his ironic portrayal of the children of Irish beggars as commodities that can be regulated and even eaten. He is able to poke fun at the dehumanization of the multitudes of poor people in Ireland by ironically commenting on what he sees as an extension of the current situation. Swift?s essay seeks to comment on the terrible condition of starvation that a huge portion of Ireland has been forced into, and the inane rationalizations that the rich are quick to submit in order to justify the economic inequality. He is able to highlight the absurdity of these attempted
The beginning of Swift's essay cunningly influences readers in believing that his proposal is actually real and that he employs values like modesty and unselfishness in it. Swift relates to "horrid practice of women murdering their bastard children, alas! too frequent among us! sacrificing the poor innocent babes" (Swift) and persuades readers to believe that there is nothing wrong with this essay, as it is similar to any other text meant to promote social progress. The writer rapidly contradicts himself, however, when he begins to speak about how "a young healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricasie, or a ragoust" (Swift).
In 1729 a pamphlet was anonymously printed by Jonathan Swift that provided a solution to the impoverished state of the Irish nation. The work was titled, “A Modest Proposal”, and it holds within a solution to Ireland’s poverty through the murder and sale of children to be used as food and clothing. What should be noted is the work is highly satirical, and while the solution proffered by this essay in the form of a pamphlet was logistically and statistically sound, it proved to be against the palate of many who read it. Jonathan Swift creates compelling arguments within this particular satire through his exceptional use of emotional manipulation to establish his credibility, as well as stunningly unfair statistics to establish his true argument’s solid reasonability. Within “A Modest Proposal”, Swift constructs a ridiculous yet undeniably strong argument that perfectly accentuates the real solutions he has for Ireland’s poverty, which he mentions later on in the form of a counter argument. While ridiculous, the scarily logical argument that Swift presents for the consumption of children serves to perfectly demonstrate how genuinely logical his true solutions are, and the two arguments combined create a magnificent juxtaposition that mark Jonathan Swift as an excellent satirist cum rhetorician.
A Modest Proposal, an excellent example of a satirical essay written by Jonathan Swift in the seventeenth century. This essay presents an issue of the poor people (mostly females and children’s) begging every person on the streets of Ireland for an alms. To counter this issue, the author through the means of satire presents his own proposal in such a way that it would disgust and enrage the readers (specifically the merchants and landlords). He suggest that poor people might ease their problems by selling their fatten children for eight shillings, at the age of one, as a food to the rich landlords, who, as the author points out, “have already devoured most of the parents” anyway by achieving success at the expense of the lower class people. The author states that his proposal would solve the problem of overpopulation in the country, it would greatly lessen the number of papists, whom he addresses as their biggest enemies and it would also
“A Modest Proposal” is a great piece that I believe many modern readers can enjoy. In todays world satire is all around us whether on television or in movies. During this time this was all they had and yet it is better then some of the satire we see today. As I read this piece the first time I truly believed that he was suggesting the selling and consumption of infants, but as I read on I soon realized he was not at all serious. It was soon obvious to me that Mr. Swift was aiming his frustration at the higher class of Ireland or the politicians. Sometimes perhaps the best way to get people attention about important issues is to in fact make fun of those issues and I think swift did a great job of that in this piece. What is interesting
In his modest proposal, Jonathan Swift uses logical fallacies, repetition, metaphors, humor, parallelism, sarcasm and satire. The devices are effectively used to examine the attitude of the rich people towards the poor in the society. Jonathan starts by mocking the mothers for strolling in the streets begging for alms instead of looking for jobs and putting something on the tables for children to eat. Jonathan predicts that when the kids grow, they might turn out to be thieves as nobody taught these kids to earn an honest living. He uses logical fallacies to try and make the proposal modest though his line of thinking is not correct. He points out that a year-old child is nourishing and wholesome food. That a healthy child is delicious food to be prepared using any method of food preparation is outrageous. He proposes that 20,000 children preserved for bleeding purposes. This is dehumanizing children and comparing them to animals. He outlines how slaughterhouses should be build and butchers be employed to do the slaughtering of children. In his exaggeration, he goes to the point of saying that the kids will be roasted like pigs. ( ) Swift also uses irony when he says that there are about 200,000 couples whose wives are just breeders. ( ) He proposes that an arrangement is made to the rear and provide for these children. Here he compares women to animals because human beings are not bred for commercial purposes. Here he dehumanizes human beings by use of satire. He gives reasons as to why this is a good idea. First, he says that the method will decrease the number of useless Catholics in Ireland. Secondly, he claims that the government will earn from exports of the meat from Ireland. The mothers will also earn something from this breeding and a burden will be lifted off their shoulders. He also foresees that the new delicacy will be welcomed in the taverns. The marriage institution will also be enhanced because mothers will put in more effort in raising the best kids because they would fetch good prices in the markets. To support his argument, Swift is sarcastic that some parts of children's body are good for eating. He further notes that these
Ambitions are an integral aspect of human culture. They motivate us in a ceaseless pursuit of constant success. However, humans are truly not contempt with their successes, and perpetually dream for more success in a never-ending spiral of greed. Jay Gatsby’s character throughout F. Scott Fitzgerald’s masterpiece, The Great Gatsby, is an ideal epitome of human greed, or as we can refer to it, the American dream. Fitzgerald is able to foster a culture within the novel where dreams seem unreachable, despite the amount of hunger, or greed, one may possess in aim of fulfilling their desires. A sense of elitism is also present within the novel as Fitzgerald ably crafts astounding discrepancies within the social structure of the era fondly
Jonathan Swifts is an Anglican priest who wrote the essay “A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland from Being a Burden to Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public.” (687) This satiric proposal is one of irony, mockery, exaggeration, humor and sarcasm. Swift begins his proposal by creating a picture for the audience. He states, “It is a melancholy object to those who walk through this great town or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads, and the cabin doors, crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags and importuning every passenger for an alms. “ (687) He lays the foundation for his proposal by using mockery to