A Molarity Lab

My prediction is that as the concentration increases, the potato cell will lose more weight. This is because of the osmosis of water particles from the potato cell cytoplasm to the solution, resulting in a loss of weight. As the concentration decreases, the potato will lose less weight until a certain point where the osmosis of particles in and out of the potato cells will be equal. I also predict that as the salt

Change in mass of potatoes submerged in sucrose solution Rebekah Schmitz Introduction: Diffusion explains the passive movement of materials into and out of the cell due to the presence of a concentration gradient from a high to low concentration across a membrane (Choinski and Karafit 2015). In this experiment, we studied the effects of differing concentrations of sucrose solutions on samples of potato material over time. This experiment focused on the effects of tonic solutions such as hypertonic and hypotonic solutions.

3) The mass of the potato cells would decrease, since the NaCl is a higher concentration than theH20 molecules inside the potato cells. So, the potato’s cells will evacuate and go into the surroundings, making it shrivel. This is known as a hypotonic solution.

Figure 1: Percentage change in potato tuber mass vs. sucrose concentration. The percent change in mass decreased as the sucrose concentration increased. Relative osmotic concentration was measured as the percent change in mass of sucrose concentration over one hour.

During osmosis, solvents move across a semipermeable membrane in order to regulate the solute balance within the cell (Campbell Biology). Experiment 5.5 was conducted to further research osmotic activity, particularly in potato cells in different osmolarities of a NaCl solution. The goal of the experiment was to find out whether the potato slices used would be hypotonic or hypertonic to the different osmolarities. This process is relevant because without osmosis, the passage of solvents would not be possible. To perform the experiment, seven potato slices were soaked in 5cm of a different osmolarity level of a NaCl solution (0M – 0.6M) to determine whether each slice was hypotonic or hypertonic to the NaCl solution it was placed in, based on percent weight change. The prediction that the potato slices soaked in solutions with lesser osmolarities (0M – 0.1M) of NaCl would be hypotonic to their solutions, and the potato slices soaked in solutions with higher osmolarities (0.2M – 0.6M) would be hypertonic to their solutions was supported by this experiment because the slices soaked in (0.2M – 0.6M) had

This experiment was conducted to observe the effect of a certain amount of sucrose in a solution on white potato cylinders. About five or six pieces of potato went into six different solutions that were in increments of 2 m and were labeled by color. The point of this experiment was to see which solutions were hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic to a piece of potato.

Van’t Hoff’s Law suggests that the osmotic potential of a cell is proportional to the concentration of solute particles in a solution. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if there are any differences between the osmolalities, the no-weight-changes of osmolalities, and the water potentials of potato cores in different solutions of different solutes. The percent weight change of the potato cores was calculated through a “change in weight” method. The potato core’s weight was measured before and after they were put into different concentrations of a solute for 1.5 hours. In our experiment, there were no significant differences from the osmotic potentials of our results and the osmotic potentials of other scientists work. Ending with chi square values of 2.17 and 2.71, and p values of 0.256 and 0.337, concluding that there is no difference in water potentials of potato cores in different solutions of different solutes at varying concentrations.

M would be hypotonic due to diffusion. This is because the solution on the inside has a lower concentration that the .6M sucrose solution outside of the dialysis bag. Since .6M has a high concentration and since diffusion occurs when substances move from a high to low concentrations, the .6M solution would enter the bag while the other molarity solution would stay in the bag. Which then causes the overall size to increase, which proves that the dialysis bag would be hypotonic. The .8M solution would be hypertonic due to having a high concentration than the .6M solution outside of the dialysis bag.

The purpose of this experiment was to observe the effects of different substances to an egg. When the egg’s mass increased by 11.58 grams after it was left submerged in vinegar, one could say that the vinegar is hypotonic to the egg since it was absorbed, thus increasing the mass. A solution is hypotonic when water concentration is higher outside the cell. The egg was somewhat depleted after it was left with corn syrup which could say that the corn syrup was hypertonic to the egg because it caused water to flow out from the egg thus decreasing the egg’s mass. A hypertonic solution has a higher water concentration inside the cell than outside. The colored water was hypotonic to the egg as well since it doubled the mass of the egg when the water

The percent change in mass of the potato cells is positive when incubated in concentrations of 0.0, 0.1, and 0.2 M of sucrose. At these three solutions, a hypertonic environment was observed within the cell. The percent change in mass of the potato cells begins to decrease and become negative when incubated in concentrations of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5M, and 0.6M of sucrose. At these four specific solutions, a hypotonic environment was obtained within the cell. Reflecting on the data, a line of best fit crosses the x-axis where an isotonic relative osmotic concentration is accomplished.

We are using percent solution rather than a molar measurement (molarity). You will incubate pieces of potato tuber in sucrose solutions of known sugar concentration. The object is to find the sugar concentration at which weight of the potato tuber tissue does not change, indicating that there has been no net loss or gain of water. This situation is an indirect measure of the sugar concentration of the potato tuber. Research Question At which sugar concentration does the weight of the potato tuber does not change?

As stated in my first hypothesis, the potato will take longer to reach its isotonic point in water than in sodium chloride. This experiment supports the first hypothesis, by showing the numbers decreasing in the cumulative percent change when sodium chloride was added into water. The data below shows evidence of numbers decrease as the more concentration of sodium chloride is added. Water with no sodium chloride had the highest data as the time got longer.

These results arose because of the different solutions the cells were put. When the potato mass, decreased the cells of the potatoes were in an hypertonic solution because the solute concentration outside the cells is greater than in the cell so water will flow out of the cells to maintain equilibrium. Since there was osmosis of water out of the cell it lost weight. This also explains why cells appeared flaccid. The loss of water can cause it to loose its shape and shrink A source mentions, in hypertonice soltions, “ water rushes out of the cell, and the cell shrinks away from the rigid [cell] wall, resulting in plasmolysis” (http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/biomembrane1/isotonic.html). The opposite happened in the 0% salt solution. The potato gained mass because the solute concentrations was greater inside the cell than the outside which caused water to move into the cell. A microscopic view reveals “the vacuoles of plant cells appear noticeably larger” (https://sciencing.com/happens-hypertonic-hypotonic-isotonic-environments-8624599.html ) The water intake kept it study and crisp. .However, too much water could have caused many potato cells to burst. Lastly, the 1% solution was isotonic to cells because its mass remained about the same. In an isotonic solution the water movement in and out of the cells is balanced to there is” no net gain, making it stay the same. We had a 0.1 gram decrease but, that could be due measuring errors. In fact, one source

Data: Effect of Solute Concentration on Osmosis in Potato Cells (for the 6 groups of our class)

In this lab we are going to discovery how osmosis works using a semi-impermeable membrane a potato slice. Osmosis is known as the movement of water in and out of a cell. To understand how this works we must understand two terms. Hypotonic means the environment has less solutes compared to the inside of the cell. Hypertonic means that the environment has more solutes compared to the inside of the cell. With osmosis water will always move from hypotonic too hypertonic. So the question is will water move into the potato or out of the potato? Will these results change when placed in different morality of salt water? To calculate these results, we will measure the mass of potatoes cut into equal sizes then soak these potato slices in different morality of NaCl for thirty minutes and measure the mass change in each potato slice.